主语从句、同位语从句

2010高一语法学案（五）

主语从句、同位语从句

主语从句

1、概念

名词性从句在一个句子中充当_____的时候, 我们称之为主语从句.

2、连词

主语从句连词的选择遵循下列规则：

(1). 从句意思完整，不缺成分用______

(2). 表示是否，用______

(3). 若主语从句句意不完整，且不表是否，此时应根据______，选用______

注意：主语从句可以由that引导。引导词that在主语从句中不作任何成分，也没有中文意义。

当主语从句位于句首时，that不能省略。

3、如果主语很长，常用以“it”作形式主语的结构

That English has been accepted as an international language is a fact.

_____________________________________________________________________

*常见的it作形式主语的结构:

1) It + be +adj.+ that 从句

2) It + be + said/believed/known +that从句

3) It + seems/happens/appears +that 从句

4) It+ be + a pity/fact +that从句

5) It+ matters a lot that

6) It occurs to/strikes sb. that

* necessary, important, natural, essential, strange, advisable, surprising, interesting, etc. + 虚拟语气

It is strange that you should like him.

*句型It is/was reported (said, known, claimed, etc.)还可以改成单句形式：

主语+ be + V-ed + to do

It is said that the memorial hall can seat an audience of 5,000.

The memorial hall _____________ an audience of 5,000.

It is reported that an earthquake occurred in Gansu Province this year.

An earthquake _____________ in Gansu Province this year.

*It is/was suggested / advised / demanded /ordered / requested etc.+ that cl. (should do) It is ordered that the books ______ (send) at once.

4、主语从句作主语谓语动词多用单数

When and why Jack came to Shanghai is not known.

5、由疑问词引导的主语从句要保持陈述语气

What we should do before the meeting is not clear.

6、区分whoever/who

______ is going to do the job is not known.

______ breaks the law will be punished.

操练：

1. _____ the attack will begin will depend on the general.

2. _____ your son will enter Yale University or Harvard University is for your husband to

decide.

3. _____ will be in charge of our school hasn’t been decided.

4. _____ long the tree has lived is still unknown to us.

5. It is pretty well understood _____ controls the flow of the carbon dioxide in and out of the

atmosphere.

6. _____ offers the clue to the case to police will be rewarded.

7. It remains unseen _____ this new type of medicine will take effect.

8. _____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one

respect.

9. It is not immediately clear _____ the financial crisis will soon be over.

10. _____ follows is the list of goals for salt reduction for our typical dieter.

同位语从句

1、同位语的概念

形如n1, n2的结构，我们将n2称之为n1的同位语。

e.g. Tom, our monitor, was ill yesterday.

Shanghai, a modern city, has a long history.

2、同位语从句

同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句和前面的名词在内容上是同一关系。

3、可用于同位语从句的常见名词有：

•advice, announcement, answer, belief

•chance, conclusion

•demand, doubt, decision, evidence, explanation

•fact, feeling

•hope, idea, information, impression

•message, news

•order, opinion

•problem, promise、proposal, possibility

•question

•request, report, rumor

•suggestion, thought, truth

•wish, word ,warning