被动语态(二)

被动语态(二)

本单元我们学习一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为：was / were+及物动词的过去分词。如：

The photo was taken 10 years ago.

The photo wasn't taken 10 years ago.

—Was the photo taken 10 years ago?

—Yes, it was. / No, it wasn't.

When was the photo taken?

【拓展】

1. “不及物动词+介词 / 副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动句时，要把它们作为整

体看待，介词或副词不可与其动词拆开或漏掉。如：

Our homework was handed in yesterday afternoon.

The house was fixed up by my father.

2. 含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将主动句中的直接宾语或间接宾语变为被

动句中的主语。如果把主动句中的直接宾语(指物)变为被动句中的主语，则需在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词to或for。如：

主动结构：

Danny gave me a ticket just now.

被动结构：

A ticket was given to me by Danny just now. (直接宾语作主语)

I was given a ticket by Danny just now. (间接宾语作主语)

3. 有些动词常用其主动形式表示被动意义，如sell, wash, write等和表示感觉、知

觉的系动词feel, sound, taste, smell等。如：

This kind of dress sells well.

The fish tastes very delicious.

4. 在主动句中，使役动词(如make等)和感官动词(如see, watch, notice, hear等)

后面常接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语；但在被动句中，这些词后面的动词不定式都需要带to。如：

The boss made us work for ten hours today.

→We were made to work for ten hours today by the boss.

Mom heard Ben sing in the next room.

→Ben was heard to si ng in the next room by Mom.

【运用】

Ⅰ. 完成句子

1. ______ a new school ______(build) here last year?

2. The water ______(feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.

(2015 甘肃兰州) 3. 通往北京的火车票半小时前就卖光了。

Train tickets to Beijing _________________ half an hour ago. (sell)

(2015 湖北黄冈) Ⅱ. 句型转换，每空一词(含缩略形式)。

1. Susan was invited to the New Year's party last Friday. (改为否定句)

Susan ______ ______ to the New Year's party last Friday.

2. The teacher made the students copy the text. (改为被动语态)

The students were ______ ______ copy the text.

(2015 贵州安顺)

3. My cousin sent me a book on my twelfth birthday. (改为被动语态)

I ______ ______ ______ ______ by my cousin on my twelfth birthday.

A book ______ ______ ______ ______ by my cousin on my twelfth birthday.

Ⅲ. 汉译英

1. 这本书是十年前印刷的。 (print)

______________________________________

(2015山东潍坊) 2. 电视是什么时候发明的？

______________________________________

(2015四川内江) 答案:

Ⅰ. 1. Was; built 2. felt 3. were sold out

Ⅱ. 1. wasn't invited 2. made to 3. was sent a book; was sent to me Ⅲ. 1. The book was printed 10 / ten years ago.

2. When was the TV / television invented?