英美文学介绍复习
英美文学选读复习资料
英美文学选读复习资料英美文学选读复习资料一、英国文学1、文艺复兴时期:莎士比亚的戏剧《哈姆雷特》、《李尔王》、《麦克白》等,以及弥尔顿的《失乐园》。
2、17世纪:约翰·多恩的玄学派诗歌,以及约翰·班扬的《天路历程》。
3、18世纪:启蒙时期,亨利·菲尔丁和理查逊的小说,以及亚历山大·蒲柏的讽刺诗歌。
4、19世纪:浪漫主义时期,包括拜伦、雪莱、济慈等人的诗歌,以及简·奥斯汀、爱米莉·勃朗特等的小说。
5、维多利亚时期:查尔斯·狄更斯、乔治·艾略特、托马斯·哈代等作家的小说,以及马修·阿诺德、约翰·罗斯金等人的诗歌。
二、美国文学1、浪漫主义时期:包括华盛顿·欧文的《睡谷传说》、爱伦·坡的短篇小说、以及纳撒尼尔·霍桑的《红字》。
2、现实主义时期:包括马克·吐温的《汤姆·索亚历险记》、亨利·詹姆斯的小说、以及艾米莉·狄金森的诗歌。
3、20世纪:包括F.斯科特·菲茨杰拉德的《了不起的盖茨比》、欧内斯特·海明威的《老人与海》、杰克·凯鲁亚克的《在路上》等文学作品。
三、文学术语和概念1、象征主义:通过象征性的符号或形象来表达某种思想或情感。
2、叙事视角:从特定的角度来描述故事,常见的有第一人称、第二人称、第三人称等。
3、意象主义:通过形象和比喻来表达情感和思想。
4、文艺复兴:欧洲历史上的一次文化运动,强调人文主义和古希腊罗马文化。
5、玄学派:17世纪英国的一种文学流派,强调诗歌中的哲学思考和神秘主义。
6、悲剧:一种戏剧类型,通常表现英雄人物的悲惨命运。
7、喜剧:一种戏剧类型,通常表现幽默、讽刺等轻松愉快的主题。
8、自然主义:一种文学流派,强调对自然和社会现实的客观描写。
9、超验主义:一种哲学思想,强调个人经验和直觉,反对传统权威。
英美文学选读复习资料
英美文学选读复习资料英美文学选读复习资料英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品,包括小说、诗歌、戏剧等。
这些作品代表了英美文化的精髓,对于理解这两个国家的历史、社会和文化有着重要的意义。
在学习英美文学时,我们需要掌握一些重要的作品和作家,以及他们的主要思想和风格。
首先,我们来看看英美文学的起源。
英国文学可以追溯到中世纪,最早的英国文学作品是史诗《贝奥武夫》。
这部作品讲述了一个英雄的故事,强调了勇气、荣誉和忠诚的重要性。
这种史诗的传统在英国文学中一直延续到今天,影响了许多作家,如莎士比亚和狄更斯。
莎士比亚是英国文学的巅峰之作。
他的戏剧作品包括悲剧、喜剧和历史剧,涵盖了各种主题和情感。
莎士比亚的作品具有深刻的人物描写和复杂的情节,他的语言也非常美丽和富有表现力。
莎士比亚的作品对于理解人性和社会问题有着重要的启示,被广泛地研究和演出。
在美国文学方面,最早的作品可以追溯到殖民地时期。
这些作品主要是宗教文学,反映了殖民地居民的信仰和价值观。
其中最著名的作品是《普利茅斯植民者的历史》,它记录了普利茅斯植民者在美洲建立殖民地的经历。
这些作品对于理解美国的宗教和政治历史有着重要的意义。
美国文学的巅峰时期是19世纪,这个时期出现了许多重要的作家和作品。
其中最著名的是马克·吐温的《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》。
这部小说以一个少年的视角描写了美国南方的奴隶制度和种族歧视,对于美国社会的问题提出了尖锐的批评。
这部小说被认为是美国文学的经典之作,对于后来的作家产生了重要的影响。
除了莎士比亚和吐温,还有许多其他重要的英美作家和作品。
例如,英国的狄更斯和奥斯汀,美国的海明威和福克纳。
这些作家的作品涉及了各种不同的主题和风格,从社会问题到个人成长,从浪漫主义到现实主义。
他们的作品代表了英美文学的多样性和丰富性。
在学习英美文学时,我们不仅需要了解这些作家和作品,还需要理解它们的背景和文化内涵。
英美文学反映了英国和美国的历史、社会和价值观,它们是这两个国家文化遗产的重要组成部分。
英美文学重点知识归纳
英美文学重点知识归纳1. 英美文学的定义英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品,包括小说、诗歌、戏剧、散文等。
英美文学具有悠久的历史,涵盖了从古代文学到现代文学的各个时期和流派。
2. 英美文学的时期和流派2.1 古代英美文学古代英美文学包括早期安格鲁-撒克逊文学、中世纪文学和文艺复兴时期文学。
其中,早期安格鲁-撒克逊文学以史诗《贝奥武夫》为代表,中世纪文学以《坎特伯雷故事集》为代表,文艺复兴时期文学以莎士比亚的戏剧作品为代表。
2.2 浪漫主义文学浪漫主义是英美文学的一个重要流派,包括诗人拜伦、雪莱和济慈等人的作品。
浪漫主义文学强调个体的感情和想象力,关注自然、爱情、自由等主题。
2.3 现实主义文学现实主义是英美文学的另一个重要流派,出现于19世纪后期。
代表作家包括狄更斯、托尔斯泰和马克·吐温等人。
现实主义文学揭示社会问题,关注人性的复杂性和社会的不公平。
2.4 现代主义文学现代主义是20世纪英美文学的主要流派,代表作家有弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫、塞缪尔·贝克特和詹姆斯·乔伊斯。
现代主义文学对传统的文学形式进行了颠覆和重塑,追求形式上的创新和思想上的深度。
3. 英美文学的重要作家和作品3.1 威廉·莎士比亚(William Shakespeare)威廉·莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家和诗人之一。
他的代表作品包括《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》和《麦克白》等。
3.2 简·奥斯汀(Jane Austen)简·奥斯汀是19世纪英国小说家,被誉为英国小说的经典作家。
她的代表作包括《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》和《艾玛》等。
3.3 弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德(F. Scott Fitzgerald)弗朗西斯·斯科特·菲茨杰拉德是20世纪美国作家,代表作品有《了不起的盖茨比》。
他被认为是美国“爵士时代”的象征之一。
英美文学选读复习
英美文学选读复习英美文学选读复习1.莎士比亚的生平2.莎士比亚的戏剧创作生涯3.莎士比亚戏剧的代表作品及其故事梗概、情节结构、人物塑造、语言风格、思想意义(1)威尼斯商人4.莎士比亚的诗歌(1)叙事诗(2)十四行诗 185.莎士比亚戏剧的思想意义(1)对社会现实的批判(2)对人文主义的颂歌6.莎士比亚的艺术成就(1)人物塑造(2)情节结构(3)语言风格7.选读十四行诗 18 的主题、意象《威尼斯商人》的主题、人物性格、语言特点《哈姆雷特》的主题、人物性格、语言特点B约翰?弥尔顿1.弥尔顿的生平2.弥尔顿的文学创作3.《利西达斯》:挽歌及其特点4.选读史诗《失乐园》故事梗概、主题结构、人物塑造、语言风格、作品意义C亚历山大?蒲伯1.蒲伯的生平及创作生涯2.蒲伯的时代观与文学观3.蒲伯的主要作品介绍4.蒲伯的语言风格5.选读《论批评》第二部分(1)作品简介(2)作品体裁、结构、语言风格D丹尼尔笛福1.笛福的生平:个人事业和社会活动2.笛福的社会观3.笛福的主要作品介绍4.笛福的创作特点5.选读:《鲁滨逊漂流记》4故事简介作者的创作意义:时代精神的.写照1.华兹华斯的生平及创作生涯2.华兹华斯的诗歌创作主张3.华兹华斯的诗歌(1)抒情诗:《丁灯寺旁》4.华兹华斯诗歌的主要特点及思想意义5.华兹华斯诗歌的艺术成就6.华兹华斯的诗歌对同时代及后世英国文学的影响7.选读:《我孤独地漂泊犹如一片浮云》《作于西敏寺桥上》《她居住在人迹罕至的地方》《孤独的割麦女》主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色等F珀?比?雪莱1.雪莱的生平2.雪莱的诗歌创作主张3.雪莱的主要作品抒情诗:《西风颂》《云雀颂》诗剧:《解放了的普罗米修斯》4.雪莱诗歌的主要特点及思想意义5.雪莱的诗歌对同时代及后世英国文学的影响6.选读:《西风颂》:主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色G约翰?济慈1.济慈的生平及创作生涯2.济慈的美学思想3.济慈的主要诗作《夜莺颂》《希腊古瓮颂》《安底弥翁》《伊莎贝拉》4.济慈诗歌的主要特点及思想意义5.济慈的诗歌对同时代英国文学的影响6.选读:《希腊古瓮颂》主题思想、语言风格、艺术特色等H简?奥斯汀1.奥斯汀的生平及创作生涯2.奥斯汀的小说创作思想3.奥斯汀的小说《理智与情感》《诺桑觉寺》《曼斯菲尔德公园》《傲慢与偏见》《爱玛》《劝告》4.奥斯汀小说的主要特点及社会意义5.奥斯汀的小说对后世英国文学的影响6.选读:《傲慢与偏见》1 主要内容、人物性格、语言特点、表现手法等I查尔斯?狄更斯1.狄更斯的生平及创作生涯2.狄更斯作品中的批判现实主义思想与社会改良主义倾向3.狄更斯前期作品的思想与艺术特征4.狄更斯后期作品的思想与艺术特征5.狄更斯的创作特色与艺术成就(1)语言(2)3种人物的刻画(3)幽默与哀婉情感的交融6.狄更斯小说目录7.选读《雾都孤儿》第3章故事简介主题:济贫院J夏洛特?布朗蒂1.夏洛特的生平2.夏洛特的创作思想和主题3.选读《简?爱》第23章故事梗概作品的批判现实主义思想作品的社会意义作品女主人公的形象在逆境中求自我道德完善的主题K托马斯?哈代1.哈代的生平与创作2.哈代的创作倾向:传统观念与现代思想的并存3.哈代作品中的“宿命观”4.哈代作品中的批判现实主义思想5.哈代作品的艺术特色6.选读《德伯家的苔丝》19 故事梗概作品主题L威廉?勃特勒?叶芝1.叶芝的生平及文学生涯2.叶芝的诗歌创作思想3.叶芝诗歌的代表作品(1)早期诗歌:(2)中期诗歌(3)晚期诗歌4.叶芝诗歌的特点及思想意义5.叶芝诗歌的艺术成就6.叶芝的诗歌对当代英国文学的影响7.叶芝的戏剧创作8.选读:《茵纳斯弗利岛》《在阔叶柳花园旁边》M D.T.S.艾略特1.艾略特的生平几创作生涯2.艾略特的文学理论与文艺批评观点3.艾略特的主要诗歌作品(1)《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》(2)《荒原》4.艾略特诗歌的艺术特色及社会意义5.艾略特的戏剧6.艾略特的艺术成就7.艾略特的文学创作及文艺批评思想对当代英国的影响8.《荒原》主题、结构、神话、象征、语言特色及社会意义9.选读《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》主题结构、思想内容、语言特点、艺术手法等 N戴维?赫伯特?劳伦斯1.劳伦斯的生平及文学生涯2.劳伦斯的创作思想3.劳伦斯的主要小说(1)《儿子与情人》《虹》《恋爱中的女人》4.劳伦斯小说的主要艺术特色及社会意义5.劳伦斯的诗歌与戏剧6.劳伦斯的小说对现当代英国文学的影响7.《儿子与情人》的故事梗概、情节结构、人物塑造、语言风格、思想意义8.选读《儿子与情人》人物性格、语言特点、艺术手法等。
英美文学~~复习资料范文
《英美文学选读》复习指导资料《英美文学选读》复习指导资料一.课程介绍:本课程由英国文学和美国文学两个部分组成。
主要内容包括英美文学发展史及代表作家的简要介绍和作品选读。
文学史部分从英美两国历史、语言、文化发展的角度,简要介绍英美两国文学各个历史时代的主要历史背景、文学文化思潮、文学流派、社会政治、经济、文化等对文学发展的影响,主要作家的文学生涯,创作思想,艺术特色及其代表作品的主题结构、人物刻画、语言风格、思想意义等。
选读部分主要接选了英美文学史上各个时期重要作家的代表作品,包括诗歌、戏剧、小说、散文等。
二.《英美文学选读》的考核目标,按照识记,领会,应用规定应当达到的能力层次要求。
三个层次呈递进关系,其含义是:识记:有关的概念、定义、知识点等能够记住领会:在识记的基础上,能够把握基本概念、基本方法和彼此之间的关系和区别应用了在领会的基础上,能运用本课程的基本理论,基本知识和方法来分析英美文学作品,并能用英语正确表达。
Part 1 English LiteratureAn Introduction to Old and Medieval English Literature一.重点:有关这部分的文学史内容1.古代英国文学和中世纪英国文学的起始阶段2.英国文学史上的第一部民族史诗----Beowulf3.中世纪文学的主要文学形式-----Romance4.Geoffrey Chaucer 的文学贡献二.练习:1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The period of ______ English literature begins from about 450 to 1066, the year of ______.A. Old----RenaissanceB. Middle---- the Norman Conquest of EnglandC. Middle ---- RenaissanceD. Old---- the Norman Conquest of England2).. The Medieval period in English literature extends from 1066 up to the ______ century.A. mid-13thB. mid-14thC. mid-15thD. mid-16th3). Beowulf, a typical example of Old English poetry, is regarded today as the national ______ of the Anglo-Saxons.A. sonnetB. essayC. epicD. novel4). In The Canterbury Tales, ______ presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life.A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. William ShakespeareC. Francis BaconD. William Langland5). For the Renaissance, ______ was regarded as the English Homer. His reputation has been securely established as one of the best English poets for his wisdom, humor and ______.A. Geoffrey Chaucer----witsB. William Shakespeare----witsC. Geoffrey Chaucer----humanityD. William Shakespeare----humanity6). After the conquest of 1066, three languages co-existed in England. They are ______, ______ and ______.A. Old English, Greek, LatinB. Old English, French, LatinC. Old English, Greek, FrenchD. English, Greek, French7). Geoffrey Chaucer is the greatest writer of the Medieval period in English literature. In “The Legend of Good Women”, he used for the first time in English the rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the ______.A. coupletB. blank verseC. heroic coupletD. epic8). Thematically the poem “Beowulf” presents a vivid picture of how the primitive people wage heroic struggle against the hostile forces of the ______ world under a wise and mighty ______.A. spiritual----heroB. natural----leaderC. spiritual----godD. natural----monster9). It can be said that though essentially still a medieval writer, Geoffrey Chaucer bore marks of humanism and anticipated a new ______ to come.A. manB. theoryC. doctrineD. era10). Geoffrey Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas of various types to English poetry to replace the Old English ______ verse.A. rhymedB. alliterativeC. socialD. visionary2. Explain the following literal terms.1). Romance2). Heroic Couplet3). Epic3. Answer the following questions.1). How many groups do the Old English poetry divided into? What are they? Which group does Beowulf belong to? Why?2). What is the contribution of Geoffrey Chaucer to English literature?Chapter1. The Renaissance Period一.重点前言部分1.文艺复兴的起源,起始时间,内容及特征2.人文主义的有关主张及对文学的影响3.文艺复兴时期的主要文学形式及其特征练习:Renaissance Period1. Choose the best answer for each blank.1). The Renaissance, in essence, is a historical period in which the European ______ thinkers andscholars made attempts to get rid of those old feudalist ideas in medieval Europe, to introduce new ideas that expressed the interests of the rising bourgeoisie, and to recover the purity of the early church form the corruption of the Roman Catholic Church.A. Greek and RomanB. humanistC. religiousD. loyal2). Generally, the ______ refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries. It first started in Italy, with the flowering of painting, sculpture and literature. From Italy the movement went to embrace the rest of Europe.A. Medieval PeriodB. RenaissanceC. Old English PeriodD. Romantic Period3). ______ is the essence of the Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and _______ are the best representatives of the English humanists.A. Humanity---- William ShakespeareB. Humanism-----Francis BaconC. Humanity---- Geoffrey ChaucerD. Humanism----William Shakespeare4). The Elizabethan ______ is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance. The most famous dramatists in the Renaissance England are Christopher Marlowe, William Shakespeare, and______.A. novel--- Geoffrey ChaucerB. poetry----Francis BaconC. drama----Ben JonsonD. drama----Geoffrey Chaucer5). Humanism sprang from the endeavor to restore a medieval reverence for the antique authors and is frequently taken as the beginning of the Renaissance on its conscious, intellectual side, for the Greek and ______ civilization was based on such a conception that ______ is the measure of all things.A. Roman ---- moralB. French---- reasonC. Roman---- manD. French---- God6).One of the major result of the Reformation in England was the fact that the Bible in English was placed in every church and services were held in English instead of ______ so that peoplecould understand.A. LatinB. FrenchC. GreekD. Anglo-Saxon7). Wyatt, in the Renaissance period, introduced the Petrarchan ______ into England, while Surrey brought in ______ verse.A. drama----freeB. sonnet----blankC. terzarima----blankD. couplet----free8). In the early stage of the English Renaissance, poetry and ______ were the most outstandingforms and they were carried on especially by William Shakespeare and Ben Jonson.A. fictionB. dramatic fictionC. poetic dramaD. novel9). By emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, ______ voiced their beliefs that man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders.A. humanistsB. ProtestantsC. CatholicsD. playwrights10). ______ was the first important English essayist. He was also the founder of modern science inEngland.A. Edmund SpenserB. Christopher MarloweC. Francis BaconD. Ben Jonson2. Explain the following literal terms.1). the Renaissance Period2). blank verse3). Humanism3. Answer the following questions.1). Make a comment on the influence of Italian literary works upon the literature in the Renaissance England.2). Make a comment on humanism3). What are the typical characteristics of literary works produced in Renaissance England?文艺复兴时期的主要作家。
(精品)英美文学复习资料(全)
文学体裁:诗歌poem,小说novel,戏剧dramaOrigin起源:Christianity 基督教→ bible 圣经Myth 神话The Romance of king Arthur and his knights 亚瑟王和他的骑士(笔记)一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)1、这个时期的文学作品分类:pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒)2、代表作:The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法3、Alliteration 押头韵(写作手法)例子:of man was the mildest and most beloved,To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise.二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350)Canto 诗章1、romance 传奇文学2、代表作:Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体:a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)3、代表作:the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端)大致内容:the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups.朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体小说特点:each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character.这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事,无形中表明了各自的观点,展示了各自的性格。
英美文学复习
•Works:LyricalBallads,KublaKhan
•George Gordon Byron 1788-1824
•Works:DonJuan
•Percy Bysshe Shelly 1792-1822
•Works:Ode to the West Wind”,西风颂
•The Rise of the Realistic Novel
•Daniel Defoe: Robinson Crusoe鲁宾逊漂流记)
VI. The Romantic
•A: Poetry:
•William Wordsworth & Samuel Taylor Coleridge:Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集
Four Great Tragedies:5
Four Great Comedies:5
Poetry5
5.Romanticism浪漫主义6
6. English novel7
Jane Austen7
Works:7
Charles John Huffam Dickens7
7. A Brief Survey of American Literature8
Major Romantic Poets:
•William Blake 1757-1827
•Songs of Innocence
•William Wordsworth 1770-1850
•Works:Lyrical Ballads(marked the beginning of the English Romantic movement in literature),I wander Lonely as a Cloud
英美文学期末复习资料+所有作家作品流派总结442
一、文学术语*41.Epic叙事诗,史诗A long narrative poem telling about the deeds of a great hero and reflecting the values of the society fromwhich it originated.Many epics were drawn from an oral tradition and were transmitted by song and recitation before they were written down.Twoof the most famous epics of Western civilization are Homer's Iliad and Odyssey.The great epic of the Middle Ages is The DivineComedy(神曲)by the Italian poet Dante.The two most famous English epics are the Anglo-Saxon Beowulf and John Milton'sParadise Lost,which employ some of the conventions of the classical epic.2.Naturalism自然主义(文学、艺术以反映现实为宗旨)Naturalism is a term of literary history,primarily a French movement in prose fiction and the dramaduring the final thirdof the19th century,although it is also applied to similar movements or groups of writers in other countries in the later decades ofthe19th and early years of the20th cents.In France Emile Zola(1840-1902)was the dominant practitioner(习艺者,专业人员)of Naturalism in prose fiction and the chief exponent(鼓吹者,倡导者,拥护者;能手,大师)of its doctrines.The emergence of Naturalism does not mark a radical(彻底的)break with Realism,rather the new style is a logicalextension of it.Broadly speaking,Naturalism is characterized by a refusal to idealize experience and by the persuasion thathuman life is strictly subjected to natural laws.The Naturalists shared with the earlier Realists the conviction that the everydaylife of the middle and lower classes of their own day provided subjects worthy of serious literary treatment. Emphasis was laid onthe influence of the material and economic environment on behavior,and on the determining effects of physical and hereditaryfactors in forming the individual temperament.Famous American Naturalistic writers would include Jack London,Stephen Craneand Frank Norris,who were deeply influenced by Charles Darwin's evolution theory which believe that one's heredity and socialsituation limit one's character.3.Modernism现代派(盛行于20世纪的文学风格)Modernism was a complex and diverse international movement in all the creative arts,originating about the end of the19thcentury and prosperity in the20th century.The major themes of the modernist literature are the distorted, alienated and illrelationships between man and nature,man and society,man and man,and man and himself.The modernist writers concentratemore on the private than on the public,more on the subjective than on the objective.They are mainly concerned with the innerbeing of an individual.In their writings,the past,the present and the future are mingled(混合)together and exist at the sametime in the consciousness of an individual.4.Transcendentalism超验主义It was a reaction to the18th century Newtonian concept of the universe.The major features of New EnglandTranscendentalism can be summarized as follows:1.The Transcendentalists placed emphasis on spirit,or the Oversoul,as themost important thing in the universe.2.The Transcendentalists stressed the importance of the individual.To them the individualwas the most important element of society.3.The Transcendentalists offered a fresh perception of nature as symbolic of the Spiritor God.Nature was,to them,not purely matter.It was alive,filled with God's overwhelming presence.I.Major Literary Terms in The Anglo-Norman Period1.Romance:Any imaginative literature that is set in an idealized world and that deals with heroic adventures and battles betweengood characters and villains or monsters.Originally,the term referred to a medieval tale dealing with the loves and adventures ofkings and queens,knights and ladies,and including unlikely or supernatural happenings.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is thebest of the medieval romances.John Keats's The Eve of St.Agnes is one of the greatest metrical(格律)romances ever written.2.Ballad(民谣,叙事歌谣):A story told in verse and usually meant to be sung.In many centuries,the folk ballad was one of theearliest forms of literature.Folk ballads have no known authors.They were transmitted orally from generation to generation andwere not set down in writing until centuries after they were first sung.The subject matter of folk ballads stems from the everydaylife of the common people.The most popular subjects,often tragic,are disappointed love,jealousy,revenge, sudden disaster anddeeds of adventure and daring.Devices commonly used in ballads are the the refrain(叠词),incremental repetition(叠句)and code language(特定语言).A later form of ballad is the literary ballad which imitates the style of the folk ballad.The mostfamous English literary ballad is Samuel Taylor Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner(老水手之歌).二、选择&填空The Anglo-Norman PeriodThe literature which Normans brought to England is remarkable for its____tales of___and___,in marked contrast of____and____of Anglo-Saxon poetry.romantic,love,adventure,strength,somberness(昏暗;冷静)Geoffrey Chaucer1.The Canterbury Tales contains in fact a General Prologue and only_____tales,of which two are left unfinished.242.The____provides a framework for the tales in The Canterbury Tales and it comprises a group of vivid pictures of variousmedieval figures.Prologue序言3.The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer's greatest work and the greater part of it was written in____Couplets.Heroic(英雄双韵体)4.The pilgrims in The Canterbury Tales are on their way to the shrine of St.Thomas a Becket at the place named____.Canterbury5.In The Canterbury Tales,from the character of_____,we may see a very vivid sketch of a woman of the middle class,and acolorful picture of the domestic life of that class in Chaucer's own day.the Wife of Bath(巴斯夫人:齐叟笔下一个结过5次婚等待第六位丈夫的女人)Renaissance1.Hamlet,Othello,King Lear,and____are generally regarded as Shakespeare's four great tragedies.Macbeth2.Absolute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of_____.Queen Elizabeth3._____wrote his_____in which he gave a profound and truthful picture of people's sufferings and put forward his ideal of afuture happy society.Thomas More,UtopiaThe literature of the17th century1.After____'s death,monarchy was again restored in1660.It was called the period of_____.Oliver Cromwell;Restoration2.The Glorious Revolution took place in the year of_____1688.3.Paradise Lost tells how____rebelled against God and how___and___were driven out of Eden.Satan;Adam,Eve.4.Bunyan's most important work is____,written in the form old-fashioned medieval form of_____and dream.The Pilgrim's Progress;allegory寓言the18th century literature1.The image of an enterprising Englishman of the18th century was created by Daniel Defoe in his famous novel______.Robinson Crusoe2.The18th century in English literature is an age of___.prose3.Jonathan Swift's masterpiece is___..Gulliver's Travels4.William Blake's work___(1794)are in marked contrast with the Songs of Innocence天真之歌.The Songs of Experience经验之歌5.The greatest of___poets in the18th century is Robert Burns.Scottishthe19th century literature1.With the publication of William Wordworth's______with S.T.Coleridge,______began to bloom and founda firm place inthe history of English literature.Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣集,Romanticism2.The Romantic Age came to an end in1832when the last Romantic writer_____died.Walter Scott3.The greatest historical novelist_____was produced in the Romantic Age.Walter Scott4.The glory of the Romantic age is in the poetry of___,___,___,___,___,and___.Scott,Wordsworth,Coleridge科尔里奇,Byron,Shelley,Keats,Moore,Southey索西.5.The English Romantic Period produced two major novelists.They are______.Scott and Austen6.In his poems Wordsworth aimed at the_____and_____of the language.simplicity,purity7.Byron is chiefly known for his two long poems,one is Childe Harold's Pilgrimage,and the other is_____.Don Juan8.“Ode to a Nightingale”was written by_____.John Keats9.Jane Austen's literary concern is about human beings in their_____relationships.personal.Victorian Age1.In the19th century English literature,a new literary trend_____appeared after the romantic poetry,and flourished in the time of______.Critical realism,1840s and1850s.2.Critical realism reveals the corrupting influence of the rule of cash upon human nature.Here lies in the essentially_____and_____character of critical realism.Democratic,humanitarian3.In A tale of Two Cities,the two cities are_____and_____in the time of revolution.London,Paris4.In1847,Thackeray published his masterpiece_____,which marks the peak of his literary career.Vanity Fair5.It is Robert Browning who developed the literary form_____..Dramatic monologue戏剧独白20th century British Literature1.____had its outstanding advocate in Kipling,who with drum and trumpet,called upon England to“take up the Whiteman'sburden”by dominating all“lesser breeds without the law.”lmperialism2.Those“novels of character and environment”by Thomas Hardy are the lost representative of him as botha and acritical realist writer.Naturalistic3.It took Galsworthy twenty-two years to accomplish the monumental work,his masterpiece____The Forsyte Saga福尔赛世家wrence finished____,the autobiographical novel at which he had been working off and on for years, which was positivelytaken as a typical example and lively manifestation of the“Oedipus Complex”in fiction.Sons and Lovers5.___and___are the most outstanding stream of consciousness novelist.James Joyce,Virginia Woolf.6.____is generally regarded as Virginia Woolf's most remarkable work.To the LighthouseExercises on American Literature1.In the17th century,the English settlements in____and____began the main stream of what we recognize as the Americannational history.Virginia,Massachusetts2.Washington Irving's____became the first work by an American writer to win financial success on both sides of the Atlantic.Sketch Book3.Cooper's enduring fame rests on his frontier stories,especially the five novels that comprise the____.Leatherstocking Tales4.____was responsible for bringing Transcendentalism to New land.Ralph Waldo Emerson5.A superb book entitled____came out of Henry David Thoreau's two-year experiment at Walden Pond.Walden6.The book____is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.Moby DickBook two chapter one1.In his cluster of poems called Leaves of Grass,__gave America its first genuine epic poem.Walt Whitman2.As the founder of American Critical Realism,____enjoys the fame as“Lincoln of American literature”.Mark Twain3.____was considered the founder of psychological realism in America.Henry James4.The identification of potency(影响)with money is at the heart of Dreiser's greatest and most successful novel,____.An American TragedyThe20th century1.Pound was the leader of a new movement in poetry which he called the“_____Movement”.Imagist2.The most significant American poem of the20th century was_____.The Waste Land3.____of the1920s characterized by frivolity and carelessness is brought vividly to life in The Great Gatsby.The Jazz Age4.Hemingway's novel___painted the image of a whole generation,the Lost Generation.The Sun Also Rises5.____wrote about the disintegration(瓦解)of the old social system in the American southern states,and the lives of modempeople,both black and white.William Faulkner三、True or False1.In1066,Alexander the Great led the Norman army to invade England.It was called the Norman Conquest.F(William the Conqueror)2.The Story of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the culmination(顶点)of the romances about Charles the Great.F(King Arthur and his knights)3.Robinson named Saturday to the saved victim.F(Friday)4.“A Modest Proposal”is made to Irish government to relieve the poverty of English people.F(Irish)5.It was Henry Fielding and Tobias Gorge Smollet who became the real founders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel inEngland and Europe.T6.Of all the romantic poets of the18th century,Blake is the most in-dependent and the most original.T7.George Eliot produced the remarkable novels including Adam Bede,The Mill on the Floss and Silas Marner. (true)8.The Bronte sisters are Charlotte Bronte,Emily Bronte and Anne Bronte.(true)9.The Victorian Age was largely an age of prose,especially of the novel.(true)10.David Copperfield is Thackeray's masterpiece.F(Dickens)11.The title of the novel Vanity Fair is taken from Bunyan's Pilgrim's progress.(true)12.In1907,John Galsworthy received the Nobel Prize for“idealism”in literature.Kim is his long novel.F(Kipling)13.George Bernard Shaw was strongly against the credo of“art for art's sake”.T14.The Importance of Being Earnest is written by Oscar Wilde.T15.Hester Prynne is the heroine in Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter.T16.In1828,Noah Webster published his An American Dictionary of the English Language.T17.Stirred by the teachings of transcendentalism,writers of Boston and nearby towns produced a New England literaryrenaissance.T18.The Fall of the House of Usher is one of Edgar Allan Poe's poems.F(novels)19.Most of the poems in Leaves of Grass are about man and nature.T20.Emily Dickinson is a democratic poet.F(modernist)21.“The Cop and the Anthem”was written by Jack London.F(O Henry)22.While embracing the socialism of Marx,Jack London also believed in the triumph of the strongest individuals.Thiscontradiction is most vividly projected in the patently autobiographical novel The Call of the Wild F (Martin Eden)23.Between the mid-19th and the first decade of the20th century,there had been a big flush of new theories and new ideas inboth social id natural sciences,as well in the field of art in Europe,which played an indispensable role in bringing aboutmodernism and the modernistic writings in the United States.T24.The decade of the1910s,American literature achieved a new diversity and reached its greatest heights.F(1920s)25.John Steinbeck is a representative of the1930s,when“novels of social protest”became dominant on the American literaryscene.T26.John Updike is considered to be a spokesman for the alienated youth in the post-war era and his The Catcher in the Rye isregarded as students'classic.F(Jerome David Salinger)(J.D.Salinger)四、连线题作家流派/文体作品Literature Stylechiefly under theinfluenceRomance of the Roses of French poetryof theMiddle AgesChaucer heroic couplet英雄双韵体The House of Fame--《名誉堂》Troylus and Criseyde《特罗伊勒斯和克莱西德》The Legend of Good women--《良妇传说》The Parliament of Fowls--《百鸟堂》u nder the spell of thegreatliterary geniuses ofearlyRenaissance Italy:Danteand Petrarch andBoccaccioProduced hisworks ofThe Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》maturity free fromanyforeign influence.William Langland Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》Alliteration(头韵)Thomas More托马斯.莫尔Utopia乌托邦Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯.培根T he Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》Of Studies《论读书》;Of wisdom《论智慧》EssayJohn Lyly Eupheus w ritten in a peculiar styleknown as EuphuismThomas Wyatt first introduced the sonnet托马斯.怀亚特into English literatureEarl of Surrey萨利伯爵Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙.斯宾塞Humanism人文主义created blankverseThe Fairy Queen《仙后》Lyrical poetryBen Jonson琼生Christopher E very Man in His Humour;Volpone,or the Fox; TheAlchemist;Bartholomew Fair.Marlowe克里Doctor Faustus;The Jew of Malta;Tamburlaine Play 斯托弗.马洛Robert Greene George Green;the Pinner of WakefieldWilliam Shakespeare威廉姆.莎士比亚Hamlet(哈姆雷特),Othello(奥赛罗),King Lear(李尔王),The Tragedy of Macbeth(麦克白)37plays;blankverse1.Extraordinaryfrankness,John Donne 约翰.多恩“metaphysical”poets(玄学派诗人)《Death be not proud》《死神莫骄妄》Songs and Sonnets《歌谣与十四行诗》The RelicA Valediction:Forbidding Mourning《离别辞:莫忧伤》p enetrating realism,cynicism.2.Novelty of subjectmatter and point ofview.3.Novelty of form.John Milton 约翰.弥尔顿三个John都是the Puritans清教徒派《Defense for the English People》为英国人辩护《Paradise Lost》失乐园Samson Agoniste《s力士参孙》《Paradise Regained》复乐园Sonnet-On His Blindness1.The use of blankverse.2.Grand style.3.Inheritance fromtraditional works suchas《失明述怀》Sonnet-On His Deceased Wife《梦之妻》Bible.1.Written in theJohn Bunyan 约翰.拜扬Pilgrim’s ProgressThe Holy War《圣战》The Life and Death of Mr.BadmanGrace Abounding《丰盛恩惠》o ld-fashioned,medievalform of allegory anddream.2.His language ischieflyplain,colloquial,andquitemodern.Daniel Defoe realistic novel《Robinson Crusoe》鲁宾逊漂流记《Jonathan Wild》丹尼尔.笛福现实主义小说乔纳森.威尔德《Moll Flanders》摩尔.弗兰德斯《Joseph Andrews》约瑟夫.安德鲁斯Henry Fielding 亨利.菲尔丁Father of modernfiction《The History of Tom Jones,a foundling》弃婴汤姆.琼斯的故事The History of Jonathan Wild the Great《伟大的乔纳森·王尔德》Humor&satirist 《Gulliver’s Travels》格列佛游记Jonathan Swift 乔纳森.斯威夫特satirist反讽prose poetry《A Modest Proposal》一个温和的建议A Tale of a Tub1697《一只桶的故事》The Battle of the Books1698《书籍之战》The Drapier’s Letters1724《布商来信》Joseph Addison&RichardSteele;their life-longJoseph Addlson The Tatler闲谈者The Spectator旁观者friendship and thepartnership inliterarycareer.the Pastorals(1709)(田园诗歌)the Essay on CriticismAlexander pope (1711)(论批评)The Rape of the Lock(1714)(卷发遇劫记)“Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady”;“Eloise to Abelard,Samuel 缪尔.理查森epistolarynovel(书信体小说),Englishdomestic novel(英国家庭小说)《Pamela》帕美勒Clarissa Harlowe克拉丽莎Sir Charles Grandison查尔斯•格兰迪森的历史Richardson塞psychological analysisRichard B.Sheridan理查德.B.谢尔丹comedy《School for Scandal》造谣学校the Rivals(情敌)t he only importantEnglishdramatist of the18thcentury《The Vicar of Wakefield》威克菲尔德的牧师,小说novelOliverGoldsmith’s奥利佛.哥尔德斯密斯《She Stoops to Conquer》委曲求全,欢乐喜剧rollicking comedy《The Deserted Village》荒村,诗歌The Traveller旅行者poems,诗歌The Citizen of the World世界公民essay以上6位都是18世纪Classicism(古典主义)、revival of romantic poetry(新兴的浪漫主义诗歌)、beginnings of the modern novel(刚启萌的现代派小说)的代表人物Thomas Gray 托马斯.格雷S entimentalism感伤主义no belief《Elegy,Written in aCountryChurchyard》墓园挽歌William Blake 威廉.布莱克Pre-romanticismS ongs of Innocence天真之歌SongsofExperience经验之歌PoeticalSketches素描诗集The Tiger老虎My Heart’s in the Highlands我的心呀Robert Burns 罗伯特.彭斯在高原John Anderson,My Jo约翰·安徒生,我爱A Red,Red Rose一朵红红的玫瑰To a Mouse致小鼠Auld Lang Syne友谊地久天长William Wordsworth 威廉.华兹华斯Lake Poets(湖畔派)Lyrical Ballads抒情歌谣《The Prelude》序曲1.Leading figure of Englishromanticpoetry2.See this world freshly andnaturally.3.Changed the course of EnglishpoetryLord Byron拜伦Romanticism《Childe Harold Pilgrimage》查尔德哈罗德游记Don Juan(唐璜)《Hours of Idleness》闲散时刻1.Renowned as the“gloomyegoist”2.“Byronic Hero”(拜伦式英雄)3.Devote himself into therevolutionPercy Bysshe Idealism Shelley雪莱(理想主义)《Prometheus Unbound》解放的普罗米修斯《Ode to the West Wind》西风颂The Cloud云1.Intense and original2.Reflect radical ideas andrevolutionaryoptimism3.Rebel against English politicsandconservative values《The Eve of St.Agnes》 1.Epitaph:Here lies one whose name was圣阿格良斯之夜written in water(此地长眠者,声名水John Keats济Romanticism《On a Greeian Urn》希腊古瓮颂上书)慈(浪漫主义)《To a Nightingale》致夜莺 2.Early death fromtuberculosis at theOde on Melancholy(忧郁颂)age of25Isabella(伊莎贝拉) 3.He is characterized bysensual imageryWalter Scott沃Famous Historical特.斯科特Novelist Ivanhoe(艾凡赫)The lady of the Lake(湖中夫人)Waverley(威佛利)1.Historical novelist as well asplaywrightand poet.2.He was an advocate,judge andlegaladministrator by professionJane Austen简.Female Novelist奥斯丁《Pride and Prejudice》傲慢与偏见《Sense and Sensibility》理智与情感《Emma》爱玛1.Modern character through thetreatmentof everyday life2.Virginia Woolf called Austen"themostperfect artist among women."Charles Lamb Essayist 查尔斯.兰伯(随笔作家)Tales from Shakespeare(莎士比亚故事集)Essays of Elia(伊利亚随笔)The Last Essays of Elia(伊利亚续笔)1.Indulged in his own contemplationandimagination2.To him,literature was a means toexpress his own subjective world andtoescape from the sordidness(肮脏、卑鄙)1.expose and criticize the poverty,Charles Dickens 狄更斯Critical Realism批判现实主义《Hard Times》艰难时刻《PickwickPapers》匹克威克外传《OliverTwist》雾都孤儿《A Tale of Two Cities》双城injustice,hypocrisy andcorruptness2.show a highly consciousemodernartist记 3.humor and wit seeminexhaustibleCharlotte Bronte 夏洛特.勃郎特Victorian Period维多利亚时期《Shirley》雪利《Jane Eyre》简.爱4.Picaresque novel(流浪汉小说)1.great work of genius inEnglishfictionEmily Bronte艾米丽.勃郎特Mrs.Gaskell humanism人文主义《Wuthering Heights》呼啸山庄《Mary Barton,North and South》玛丽.巴顿,北方和南方2.focus on the femaletopic3.lyric writing style4.simple realism1.rich knowledge of social life andWilliam Makepeace Thackeray 《Vanity Fair》名利场—this titlewasborrowed from The Pilgrim’s Progressby Bunyan.没有大人物的小说heart,the picture in the novelsareaccurate and true life2.Thackeray’s satire is causticand hishumor subtle3.Pay attention to morility1.show superb conceptionandexecution and include muchfavoral《Adam Bede》亚当贝德feminist criticismGeorge Eliot 乔治.艾略特T he Mill on the Floss《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》Silas Marner《织工马南传》2.describe various inner worldanddepict people’s live withcinematicprecisionMiddlemarch《米德尔马契》 3.moral teaching andpsychologicalrealism.精神说教和心理现实主义。
英美文学复习大纲与重点内容
《英美文学》复习大纲第一部分英国文学一、课程简介本课程简要介绍英国各个历史断代的主要文学文化思潮,文学流派,主要作家; 本课程要求学生掌握英国文学史上各个时期的文学特点,出现的文学流派以及该时期一至两位重要作家的文学生涯,创作思想,艺术特色及代表作品;并要求学生做到在掌握有关知识理论的基础上使之转换这能力,即能用有关知识和理论来分析英国文学中的相关问题。
二、课程重点章节简介:第一章:古代与中世纪英国文学1. <<贝尔武夫>>2. 乔叟及其代表作第二章: 文艺复兴时期1. 文艺复兴的定义2. 萨士比亚的戏剧及十四行诗3. 培根的代表作第三章: 十七世纪英国文学1. 弥尔顿的代表作<<失乐园>>、诗剧<<力士参孙>>的主要内容及<<失乐园>>选短第四章: 启蒙运动时期1. 新古典主义2. 伤感主义3. 笛福及代表作4. 蒲伯及代表作第五章: 浪漫主义时期1. 浪漫主义时期文学的特点2. 彭斯的创作特点及代表作3. 华兹华斯的创作特点及代表作4. 拜伦诗歌的特点及代表作第六章: 维多利亚时期1. 维多利亚时期的文学特点2. 布朗蒂姐妹的代表作第七章: 现代时期1. 现代主义文学2. 汤姆斯.哈代创作特点及代表作3. D.H.劳伦斯创作特点及代表作三、本课程重点和难点内容简介第一章:古代与中世纪英国文学:1.<<贝尔武夫>>简介及在英国文学史上的意义。
2.乔叟及其代表作《坎特伯雷故事集》对英国文学做出的贡献。
3.名词解释“骑士抒情诗”第二章: 文艺复兴时期:1. 文艺复兴时期的时间界定2. “文艺复兴”的名词解释3. “人文主义”的名词解释4. 莎士比亚的“Sonnet 18”的主题5. 哈姆雷特的性格分析6. 英语解释《论学习》中的句子第三章: 十七世纪英国文学:1. 英语解释弥尔顿《失乐园》选段中的句子2. 《失乐园》的主要内容和意义3. 《失乐园》中撒旦的人物分析第四章: 启蒙运动时期:1. 启蒙运动时期的界定2. 新古典主义的基本主张和特色3. 伤感主义的名词解释4. 《鲁滨逊漂流记》中鲁滨逊的人物分析5. 蒲伯的《论批评》的主题6. 英文解释《论批评》第五章: 浪漫主义时期:1. 浪漫主义时期的界定及文学特点2. 彭斯的诗歌的特点及其诗作“红玫瑰”3. 华兹华斯和科勒律治合作的《抒情歌谣集》的重要意义4. 华兹华斯的诗歌特点5. 英文解释华兹华斯“我如行云独自游”中的句子6. 拜伦“致希腊”的主题并用英语解释其中句子7. 雪莱“西风颂”的主题并用英语解释其中句子第六章: 维多利亚时期1. 维多利亚时期的文学特点2. 艾米莉。
英美文学重点知识归纳
英美文学重点知识归纳一、英美文学的概念和特点英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品,包括小说、诗歌、剧本等。
它具有以下几个特点:1.多元化:英美文学以其丰富多样的风格和流派而闻名。
从古典主义到浪漫主义,从现代主义到后现代主义,英美文学不断演变和发展,展示了人类思想和情感的多样性。
2.自由和开放性:英美文学强调个体的自由和独立思考,在作品中反映了社会、政治和文化的变革。
自由主义和个人主义的精神贯穿在英美文学的历史中。
3.注重个人感受和情感表达:英美文学注重个人感受和情感表达,通过描写人物内心的矛盾和困惑,展示了人性的复杂和多样性。
二、英美文学的重要时期和代表作品1. 文艺复兴时期(16世纪)文艺复兴时期是英美文学的重要里程碑,代表作品有:•威廉·莎士比亚的剧作《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等,深刻地反映了人性的复杂性和命运的无常。
•约翰·米尔顿的史诗《失乐园》,通过对上帝、撒旦和亚当夏娃的描写,揭示了人类的原罪和思想的自由。
2. 浪漫主义时期(18世纪末至19世纪初)浪漫主义时期是英美文学的重要发展阶段,代表作品有:•威廉·华兹华斯的诗集《抒情诗选集》,强调对自然和个人感受的表达,展现了对自由和灵魂的渴望。
•简·奥斯汀的小说《傲慢与偏见》,通过对社会等级和女性地位的描写,呈现了封建社会的弊端。
3. 现代主义时期(20世纪初至中期)现代主义时期是英美文学的革命性时期,代表作品有:•弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说《至灵之泉》,以流动的意识流体式叙述,探索了心灵的迷茫和现代社会的困惑。
•T·S·艾略特的诗集《荒原》,通过对现代社会的批判和对个体灵魂的探索,反映了人类在现代社会中的孤独和迷失。
三、英美文学的重要作家和代表作1. 威廉·莎士比亚(1564-1616)威廉·莎士比亚是英国文学史上最伟大的剧作家之一,代表作品有:•《哈姆雷特》:探讨了人性的矛盾和命运的无常,是世界戏剧史上最重要的作品之一。
英美文学史复习资料
英美文学史复习资料英国文学史资料I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages<Beowulf>贝奥武夫Artistic features:ing alliteration头韵ing metaphor暗喻and understatement含蓄陈述Geoffery Chaucer 杰弗里•乔叟The founder of English poetry.三个阶段:1 <The Romaunt of the Rose>玫瑰传奇2<Troilus and Criseyde>特罗伊拉斯和克莱希德longest complete poem3 <The Canterbury Tales>坎特伯雷故事集:Significance :first time to use …heroic couplet‟(英雄双韵体) by middle EnglishII The Renaissance PeriodA period of drama and poetry. The Elizabethan drama is the real mainstream of the English Renaissance.Renaissance: the activity, spirit, or time of the great revival of art, literature, and learning in Euro pe beginning in the 14th century and extending to the 17th century, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.0. 1. Edmund Spenser埃德蒙•斯宾塞1552~1599(后人称之为“诗人的诗人”。
英美文学复习总结资料.docx
姜(8夂禽1、Benjamin Franklin 本杰明•富兰克林1706-1790 A Modest Inquiry into the Nature and Necessity of a Paper Money;Poor Richard's Almanack 穷查理历书;The Way to Wealth 致富之道;The Autobiography 自传2、Thomas Paine托马斯•潘恩1737-1809Common Sense 常识;American Crisis美国危机;Rights of Man 人的权利:The Age of Reason 理性时代4> Washington Irving华盛顿•欧文1783-1859 A History of New York纽约的历史.... 美国人与的龙部诙谐文学杰作;The Sketch Book 见闻札记The Legend of Sleepy Hollow 睡谷的传说---- 使之成为美国第一个获得国际声誉的作家5、James Fenimore Cooper 詹姆斯•费尼莫尔•库珀1789-1851 The Spy 间谍;The Piloi•领航者;Leatherstocking Tales 皮裹腿故事集:The Pioneer 拓荒者;The Last of Mohicans 最后的莫希干A;The Prairie 大草原;The Pathfinder 探路者;The Deerslayer 杀鹿者7、Edgar Allan Poe 埃德加•爱伦•坡1809-1849 (以诗为诗;永为世人共赏的伟大抒情诗人——叶芝)Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque 怪诞奇异故事集;Tales 故事集;The Fall of the House of Usher厄舍古屋的倒塌;Annabel Lee安娜贝尔•李 .. 歌特风格;首开近代侦探小说先河,又是法国象征主义运动的源头The Raven and Other Poems 乌鸦及其他诗:The Raven 乌鸦;To Hellen 致海伦8、Ralf Waldo Emerson 拉尔夫•沃尔多•爱默生1803-1882 Essays散文集:Nature论自然一-一新英格兰超验主义者的宣言书;The American Scholar 论美国学者;Divinity;The Oversoul 论超灵;Self-reliance 论自立;The Transcendentalist 超验主义者Representative Men 代表人物;English Traits英国人的特征;School Address神学院演说Concord Hymn 康考德颂;The Rhodo 杜鹃花;The Humble Bee 野蜂;Days 日子■首开自由诗之先河9・ Nathaniel Hawthorne 纳撒尼尔•霍桑1804-1864 Twice-told Tales 尽人皆知的故事:Mosses from an Old Manse 古屋青苔:Young Goodman Brown 年轻的古徳曼•布朗;The Scarlet Letter 红字;TheHouse of the Seven Gables有七个尖角阁的房子 ---------- 心理若们罗曼10、Henry David Threau 亨利•大卫•梭罗1817-1862 Wadden.or Life in the Woods 华腾湖或林中生活Resistance to Civil Government/Civil Disobedience 抵制公民政府;A Week on the Concord and Merrimack Rivers11、Walt Whitman沃尔特•惠特曼1819-1892 Leaves of Grass 草叶集:Song of the Broad-Axe 阔斧之歌;T hear America Singing 我听见美洲在歌唱;When Lilacs Lost in the Dooryard Bloom'd 小院丁香花开时;Democratic Vistas 民主的前景;The Tramp and Strike Question 流浪汉和罢工问题;Song of Myself自我之歌12、Herman Melville 赫尔曼•梅尔维尔1819-1891 Moby Dick/The White Whale 莫比•辿克/白鲸;Typee 泰比;Omoo 奥穆;Mardi 玛地;Redburn 得本;White Jacket 白外衣:Pierre 皮尔埃;Piazza 广场故事;Billy Budd比利•巴徳13 、Henry Wadsworth Longfellow亨利•沃兹沃思•朗费罗1807-1882 The Song of Hiawatha海华沙之歌——美国人写的第一部印第安人史诗;Voices of the Night 夜吟;Ballads and Other Poens 民谣及其他诗;Belfry of Bruges and Other Poems 布鲁茨的钟楼及其他诗:Tales of a Ways ide Inn路边客栈的故事…诗集:An April Day四月的一天/A Psalm of Life人生礼物/Paul Reveres Ride保罗•里维尔的夜奔;Evangeline伊凡吉琳;The Courtship of Miles Standish边尔斯•斯坦迪什的求婚——叙事长诗;Poems on Slavery奴役篇…反蓄奴组诗14、John Greenleaf Whittier 约翰•格林里夫•惠蒂埃1807-1892 Poems Written During the Progress of the Abol计ion Question 废奴问题;Voice of Freedom 自由之声;In War Time and Other Poems 内战时期所作;Snow-Bound 大雪封门;The Tent on the Beach and Other Poems 海滩的帐篷Ichabod艾卡博德;A Winter Idyl冬口 E园诗17、Emily Dickinson 埃米莉•迪金森1830-1886 The Poems of Emily Dichenson 埃米莉•迪金森诗集--- ''Tell all the truth and tell it slant0迂回曲折的,玄学的18、Mark Twain 马克•吐温(Samuel Longhorne Clemens) ■一美国文学的一大里程碑The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County 加拉维拉县有名的跳蛙;The Innocenfs Abroad 傻瓜出国记;The Gilded Age镀金时代;The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 汤姆•索耳B历险记;The Prince and the Pauper 王子与贫儿;The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn哈克贝利•费恩历险记;A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthurs Court 亚瑟王宫中的美国佬;The Tragedy of Puddnhead Wilson 傻瓜威尔逊;Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc冉哒克;The Man That Corr叩ted Hadleyburg败坏哈德莱堡的人How to Tell a Story怎样讲故事一-对美国早期幽默文学的总结19、Francis Bret Harte 哈特1836-1902The Luck of Roaring Camp咆哮营的幸运儿 ---- 乡土文学作家23、Henry James享利澹姆斯1843-1916 小说:Daisy Miller 苔瑟•米乐;The Portrait of a Lady 贵妇人画像;The Bostonians 波士顿人;The Real Thing and Other Tales 真货色及其他故事; The Wings of the Dove 鸽翼;The Ambassadors 大使;The Golden Bowl 金碗评论集:French Poets and Novelists法国诗人和小说家;Hawthorne霍桑;Partial Portraits 不完全的画像;Notes and Reviews 札记与评论;Art of Fiction and Other Essays 小说艺术29、O Henry 欧•享利(WilliamSidney Porter) 1862-1910The Man Higher Up 黄雀在后;Sixes and Sevens 七上八下38、Theodore Dreiser 西奥多•德莱塞1871-1945 Sister Carrie 嘉莉姐妹;Jennie Gerhardt 珍妮姑娘;Trilogy of Desire 欲望三部曲(Financer 金融苑The Titan 巨人,The Stoic);An American Tragedy 美国的悲剧(被称为美国最伟大的小说);Nigger Jeff黑人杰弗40Jack London 杰克•伦敦1876-1916 The Son of the Wolf 狼之子“The Call of the Wild 野性的呼唤;The Sea-wolf 海狼;White Fang 白礫牙;The People of the Abyss 深渊中的人们;The Iron Heel 铁蹄;Marti Eden 马丁•伊登;How I become a Socialist 我怎样成为社会党人;The War of the Classes阶级之间的战争;What Life Means to Me生命对我意味着什么;Revolution革命:Love of LJfe热爱生UP;The Mexican墨西哥人;Under the Deck Awings在甲板的天蓬下45^ Robert Frest罗伯特•弗罗斯特1874-1963 A Boy's Wish 少年心愿;North of Boston 波士顿之北(Mending Wall 修墙,After Apple-picking摘苹果之后);Mountain Interval 山间(成熟阶段)(The Road Not taken没有选择的道路);West-running Brook 西流的溪涧;A Further Range 又一片牧场;A Witness Tree 一株作证的树46、Sherwood Anderson 舍伍德•安德森1876-1941 Windy McPhersons Son饶舌的麦克斐逊的儿子;Marching Men前进屮的人1fJ;Mid-American Chants 美国中部之歌;Winesburg,Ohio/The Book of the Grotesque俄亥俄州的温斯堡/畸人志;Poor White穷苦的白人;Many Marriages多种婚姻;bark Laughter阴沉的笑声The Triumph of the Egg and Other Stories 鸡蛋的胜利和其他故事;Death in the Woods and Other Stories 林屮之死及其他故事;]Want to Know Why 我想知道为什么50、William Carlos Williams 威廉•卡罗斯•威廉斯1883-1963 收入Des Imagistes意像派(意像派的第一部诗选)诗集:Sour Grapes;Spring and All 春;The Desert Music;The Journey of Love 爱的历程;Collected Poems;Complete Poems;Collected Later Poems;Pictures from Brueghel 布留盖尔的肖像;Paterson 佩特森(5 卷长诗);AsphodaLThat Green Flower 常青花日光乂(长诗)名诗:Red Wheelbarrow 红色手推车;The Widow's Lament in Spring 寡妇的春怨;The Dead Baby;The Sparrow z to My Father 麻雀一致父亲proletarian Portrait 无产阶级画像(from An Early Martyr 先驱);The Great American Novels 伟大的美国小说;In the American Grain 美国性格;Autobiography 自传56、Katherine Anne Porter 凯瑟琳•安•波特1890-1980 Flowering Judas 开花的紫荆花(Maria Conception;The Jitting of Granny Weatherall ) ;Pale Horse.Pale Rider;Leaning Tower and Other Stories ------------- TheCollected Stories of K A PorterShip of Fools 愚人船(唯一的一部长篇小说);The Never Ending Wrong 千古奇冤(回忆录)59、E Cumings 肯明斯1894-1962 Tulips anddd Chimneys 郁金香与烟囱;The Enormous Room 人房间;XL】Poems 诗41 首;Viva 万岁;No, Thanks 不,谢谢;Collected Poems 诗集;Eimi 爱米(访苏游记)63、William Faulkner 威廉•福克纳1897-1962 The Marble Faun云石林神(诗集)jSoldiers* Pay兵饷(小说)短篇小说:Dry September干燥的九月;The Sound and the Fury愤怒与喧嚣:As I lay dying当我垂死的时候;Light in August八月之光;Absalom,Absolam押沙龙,押沙龙(家世小说)65、Ernest Hemingway 欧内斯特•海明威1899-1961 (”迷惘的一代“的代表人物)In Our Time 在我们的年代里;The Torrents of Spring 春潮;The Sun Also Rises 太阳照样升起;Farewell to Arms 永别了,武器;For Whom the Bell Tolls丧钟为谁而鸣短篇小说:Men Without Women没有女人的男人;The Winners Take Notheing 月生者无所获;The Fifth Column and First FortStories 第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇政论:To Have and Have Not 贫与富回忆录:A Moveable Feast 到处逍遥68、Langston Hughes 詹姆斯•兰斯顿•休斯1902-1969 Mulatto 混血儿(剧本);The Weary Blues 疲倦的歌声:bear Lovely Death 亲爱的死神;Shakespear in Harlem哈莱姆的莎士比亚;I Wonder as I Wander 我漂泊我思考;The Best of Simple辛普尔精选87.Saul Bellow 索尔•贝娄1915・长篇小说:Dangling Man晃来晃去/挂起来的人;The Victim受害者;TheAdventure of Augie March 奥基•马奇历险记;Henderson the Rain King 雨王汉德逊;Herzog赫索格;Mr Summlars Planet塞姆勒先生的行星jHumboldfsGift洪堡的礼物中篇小说:Seize the bay且乐今朝88、Arthur Miller 阿瑟•米勒1915- Situation Normal 情况正常;The Man Who Had All the Luck 吉星高照的人;All My Sons 都是我的儿子;The Death of a Salesman 推销员;The Crucible 严峻的考验/萨姆勒的女巫;A View from the Bridge桥头眺望;A Memory of Two Mondays 两个星期一的冋忆:After the Fall 堕落之后incident at Vichy 维希事件;The Price 代价;The Creation of the World and Other Business 创世及其他;The Archbishop's Ceiling 大主教的天花板;The American Clock 美国时钟89、Robert Lowell 罗伯特•洛厄尔1917-1977 诗:Lord Wearys Castle威尔利老爷的城堡;Life Studies人生探索名篇:For Sale;Walking in the Blue;For the Union Dead 献给联邦死难士f 自白诗运动90、J D Salinger 杰罗姆•大卫•塞林格1919- 短篇小说:The Young Folks年轻人短篇小说集:Nine Stories故事九篇屮篇小说:Franny 弗兰尼;Zooey 卓埃;Raise High the Roof Beam,Carpenters 木匠们,把屋梁升高:Seymour:An Introduction 两摩其人长篇小说:The Cather in the Rye麦田守望者102^ Allen Ginsburg 艾伦•金斯堡1926- 诗集:Howl and Other Poems 嚎叫及其他(America)(The Beat Generation 垮掉的一代的宣言书和代表作);Kaddish and Other Poems卡第绪及其他;Plannet News行星消息;The Fall of America美国的衰弱105> Martin Luther King Jr 马丁•路德・金1929-1968 I Have a Dream;Stride Toward Freedom 迈向自由;Strength to Love 爱的力量;Why We Cant Wait?;Where Do We Go from Here,Chaos or Community?今后我们何去何从,纷争还是团结?111、Sam Shepard萨姆•谢泼德1943・剧本:Cowboys牛仔;The Rock Garden岩石花园;Cowboys #2牛仔第二号[Chicago 芝加哥Operation Sidewinder 响尾蛇行动;Meloddrama 情节剧112. Sylvia Plath西尔维亚•普拉斯1932・1963(confessional school自白派)诗集:The Colossus巨人集:Ariel阿里尔集(Daddy;Lady Lazarus拉扎勒斯夫人);The Uncollected Poems 杂诗集[Crossing the Water 涉水;Winter Trees 小说:The Bell Jar钟形玻璃罩(自传体小说)名诗:Death & Co死亡公司114、Le Roi Jones勒罗依•琼斯1934・诗集:The Dead Lecturer已故的讲师;Black Magic黑色魔术(Incident事件)剧本:Dutchman;The Slave;The Motion of History 历史的运动117> Alice Walker 沃克1944-长篇小说:TheThird Life of Grange Copeland格兰治科普兰的第三次生活;Meridian 梅丽迪安;The Color Purple 紫色名文:The Civil RightsMovement: What Good Was It?短篇小说集:In Love and Trouble 相爱与苦恼;You Cant Keep a Good WomanDown 好女人永不屈服散文集:In Search of Our Mothers*Gardens诗集:Once有一次Revolutionary Petunias革命的牵牛花传记:。
英美文学复习
英美文学复习–掌握重点文学术语、文学潮流、文学形式各个时期的重要作家和作品重要作品的主题、人物和写作特点–学会分析人物从人物外表、言论、行动、态度、内心思想活动及其矛盾冲突等方面去分析,适当地结合作品的主题、结构及人物在作品中所处的地位学会分析作品–分析诗歌时重点注意:speaker, tone, images, metaphors, symbols, themes and rhetorical devices等方面的内容–分析故事或小说要注意:setting, plot, character, structure, point of view, style and themes 等方面的内容。
注意比较分析–英美文学的比较英美的浪漫主义比较英美的自然主义比较现实主义与自然主义比较等–作家的比较马克.土温与詹姆斯的比较–作品人物的比较Hester Prynne and Sister Carrie 注意作品、作家辨认题–从作家的语言风格着手:diction, syntax, figures of speech, etc.– My thoughts were now wholly employed about securing myself against either savages, if any s hould appear, or wild beasts, if any were in the island; and I had many thoughts of the method how to do this and what kind of dwelling to make, whether I should make me a cave in the earth or a te nt upon the earth: and, in short, I resolved upon both, the manner and description of which it may not be improper to give an account of.– I have not broken your heart—you have broken it—and in breaking it, you have broken mine. So much the worse for me, that I am strong. Do I want to live What kind of living will it be when you—oh, God! would you like to live with your soul1 in the grave– With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—– Between the light—and me—– And then the Windows failed—and then – I could not see to see—。
英美文学复习资料 - Copy
1. William Shakespeare1)Humanistic ideas: Shakespeare, as a humanist of the time, does not hesitate to describe the cruelty and anti-natural character of the civil wars, but he did not go all the way against the feudal rule. In his dramatic creation, especially in his histories and tragedies, he affirms the importance of the feudal system in order to uphold the nation unity and social order. He against religious persecution and racial discrimination, against social inequality and the corrupting influence of gold and money. However, there is also a limit to his sympathy for the downtrodden. He fears anarchy, hates rebellion and despises democracy. Thus, he finds no way to solve the social problems. In the end, the only thing he can do as a humanist is to escape from the reality to seek comfort in his dream.2) Literary ideas: Shakespeare has accepted the Renaissance views on literature. He holds that literature should be a combination of beauty, kindness and truth, and should reflect nature and reality. He claims through the mouth of Hamlet that the “end” of dramatic creation is to give faithful reflection of the social reality of the time. Shakespeare also states that literary works, which have truly reflected nature and reality, can reach immortality.2. SonnetThe term “sonnet” derives from the Latin sonitus(meaning “sound”) and the Italian sonetto (meaning “sound”, “song”). The ordinary sonnetconsists of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameters with considerable variations in rhyme scheme. The basic sonnet forms are: 1) The Italian or the Petrarchan sonnet which comprises an octave rhyming abba abba or abab abab and a sestet rhyming cde cde or cd cd cd; 2) The English or the Shakespearean sonnet, comprising three quatrains and a couplet, rhyming abab cdcd efef gg. 3) The Spenserian sonnet, again with three quatrains and a couplet, rhyming abab bcbc cdcd ee. However, there remain many deviations from the basic patterns. In English the most conspicuous variant, the 16-line poems of George Meredith’s se quence Modern Love(1862), is clearly related to the sonnet in its themes and abba cddc effe ghhg rhyme scheme.The Italian form of sonnet is the commonest: the octave develops one thought; there is then a “turn” or volta, and the sestet grows out of the octave, varies it and completes it. In the other two forms a different idea is expressed in each quatrain; each grows out of the one preceding it; and the argument, theme, and dialectic are concluded, “tied up” in the binding end-couplet.3. Generally speaking, the classic essay possesses the following characteristics of classic literature:1) Classic literature is of clarity, splendour, sublimity, and philosophicality. And these properties are common in almost all classic essays, as those by Aristotle, Cicero, Confucius, Montaigne, Bacon, Emerson and the kind.2) In western literature there is always a lasting trait of Greek and Roman vigour which fosters a classic temperament in the literary minds of many generations.Classic essayists as Bacon and Pope directly orindirectly adopt much of Homer, Horace, Virgil, Ovid or Seneca in subjects, styles, and even language itself. Their compositions are therefore of typical classic beauty and strength.3) Great importance is placed upon strict rules, elegant forms, refined diction, confined syntax, and balanced texture, in all classic literature including the classic essay, which is more flexible, though.Yet some essayists, such as those of the Augustan England and so comparable to the Tongcheng School of China, comply so strictly with the classic standards that their works bear much affectation, elaboration, and non-naturalness. These linguistic features are so true to classic essayists in England.4) The classic essay is as comprehensive in subject matters and styles as in all classic literature. In subjects, the classic essay deals with a variety of themes: philosophy, literary criticism, arts, politics, history, social problems, travels, and other aspects of life. Its style, however, varies with every individual essayist. For example, Cicero is gracefully eloquent; Bacon is weighty and highly sententious; Swift is deceptively plain and satirically forceful; Addison is “familiar but not coarse, elegant but not ostentatious.”4. The pastoral elegy is a specialized form of elegy, and is very popular with English poets. It bears the following conventions:(1) The scene is pastoral. The poet and the person he mourns are represented as shepherds;(2) The poet begins with an invocation to the Muses and refers to diverse mythological characters during the poem;(3) Nature is involved in mourning the shepherd’s death. Nature feels the wound, so to speak;(4) The poet inquires of the guardians of the dead shepherd where they were when death came;(5) There is a procession of mourners;(6) The poet reflects on divine justice and contemporary evils;(7) There is a “flower” passage, describing the decoration of the bier, etc;(8) At the end there is a renewal of hope and joy, with the idea expressed that death is the beginning of life.5.Desert Island Fiction is a form of fiction in which a remote and uncivilized island is used as the venue of the story and action. Usually itcan be placed right outside the “real” world and may be an image of the ideal, unspoiled or primitive existence, for it is often presented as an example of inner goodness, bravery, dignity and nobility, or adolescent innocence and purity uncorrupted by the evil force in civilization. It appeals directly to the sense of adventure, exploratory impulse, imaginative instinct and romantic desires of most people. It has a particular attraction to children with all kinds of foreign experiences, exciting challenges, and exotic scenes, as well difficult skills for survival and heroic individualism.6. Ballad, originally a short narrative folk song to accompany a dance, isa simple spirited poem in short stanzas in which a popular story is graphically told. This genre of verse is not restricted to the English-speaking world only, as all nations, eastern or western, may possess their own ballads of great literary merit.Traditional English ballads originated in the 13th century and most of them were collected by Child, Pepys, Bradford, Percy, Scott and others. They share with ballads of other nations some striking characteristics which include: 1) the tradition of oral transmission and an unknown authorship; 2) a variety of verse forms, among which the standard stanza form, known as the ballad stanza, “is a quatrain in alternative four and three-stress iambic lin es,” usually with only the second and fourth lines rhyming, such as the form of “Sir Patrick Spens” in the popular ballads; 3) the frequent adoption of refrains or repetitions to form musical echoes; 4) usually a compact little story is arranged in details within which a single incident is dramatically treated but not in a narrative continuity; 5) a multitude of subjects covering history, legends, wars, love stories, family affairs etc.; 6) simple words, plain language and dialogue are often used in the verse lines.7.Ode is a single, complex and often lengthy lyric poem, written in a dignified formal style on some lofty or serious subject. The term connotes some qualities:1) an elaborate stanza-structure, expressed in language dignified;2) a marked formality and stateliness in tone and style;3) more complicated than most of the lyric types in form;4) lofty sentiments and thoughts.In ancient literature, ode is composed for a chorus to chant and dance which is divided into strophe, antistrophe and epode (Moving in a dance rhythm to the left, the chorus chanted the strophe; moving to the right, the antistrophe; then standing still, the epode).There are two classical forms of ode: the Horatian Ode and the Pindaric Ode.。
河南省考研外国语言文学复习指南英美文学与语言学重要内容
河南省考研外国语言文学复习指南英美文学与语言学重要内容英美文学与语言学复习指南一、引言在河南省考研英语外国语言文学专业中,英美文学与语言学是一门重要的学科。
本文将为同学们提供一份复习指南,重点介绍英美文学与语言学的重要内容。
二、英美文学1. 英美文学的概述英美文学是指英国和美国的文学作品的总称,包括英国文学和美国文学。
英国文学以莎士比亚、弥尔顿等为代表;美国文学以爱默生、杰克伦敦等为代表。
复习时需熟悉各个时期的重要作家及其代表作品。
2. 英美文学的时期划分(1)英国文学的时期划分:中古英语文学时期、文艺复兴时期、启蒙时期、浪漫主义时期、维多利亚时期等。
(2)美国文学的时期划分:殖民地时期、独立时期、浪漫主义时期、现实主义时期、现代主义时期等。
3. 英美文学的重要作家及其代表作品(1)莎士比亚:《哈姆雷特》、《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等。
(2)笛福:《鲁滨逊漂流记》。
(3)简•奥斯汀:《傲慢与偏见》、《爱玛》等。
(4)塞缪尔•贝克特:《等待戈多》。
(5)欧内斯特•海明威:《老人与海》、《别为我哭泣》等。
(6)托马斯•皮金斯:《露西的时间》。
三、语言学1. 语言学的概述语言学是研究语言及其使用规律的学科。
在英美语言文学考研中,语言学是一门重要的专业课程,需要复习的内容包括语音学、语法学、词汇学、语义学、语用学等。
2. 英美语音学英美语音学研究的是英、美音素及其发音规律。
需要掌握的知识点包括元音、辅音等的发音特点和在不同语境下的变化规律。
3. 英美语法学英美语法学研究的是英、美语法结构和语法规则。
需要熟悉的知识点包括词类、句子成分、时态、语态等,以及语法分析和句子结构分析的方法。
4. 英美词汇学英美词汇学研究的是英、美词汇的来源、变化和使用规律。
需要掌握的知识点包括词根、派生、构词法等。
5. 英美语义学英美语义学研究的是词义和句义的规则和变化。
需要了解的知识点包括词义的分类、词义的扩展和压缩等。
6. 英美语用学英美语用学研究的是语言在实际交际中的应用。
英美文学知识点总结中文
英美文学知识点总结中文在英美文学中,有许多重要的知识点值得我们学习和了解。
以下将总结一些重要的知识点,帮助我们更好地理解和欣赏英美文学的精髓。
**一、文学流派与时代**:1. 古典主义文学:古希腊罗马时期为主要影响力,强调文学作品的规范和纯净,代表作品包括约翰·米尔顿的《失乐园》。
2. 文艺复兴文学:以人文主义思想为主要影响力,追求人性的完美和思想的启蒙,代表作品包括莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》。
3. 浪漫主义文学:强调个人情感和想象力,对自然和生活充满热情和梦幻,代表作品包括华盛顿·欧文的《伊凡霍》。
4. 现实主义文学:强调真实生活和社会问题的揭示,代表作品包括查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》。
5. 自然主义文学:强调环境和遗传对人的影响,以客观的观察和描写为特点,代表作品包括艾米莉·布朗特的《呼啸山庄》。
**二、主要作家与作品**:1. 莎士比亚(1564-1616):英国文学史上最伟大的戏剧家,代表作品包括《哈姆雷特》、《麦克白》等。
2. 约翰·米尔顿(1608-1674):英国古典主义诗人,代表作品为《失乐园》。
3. 卢瑟福·特瑞斯(1784-1859):美国浪漫主义诗人,代表作品包括《稻草人》、《被偷窃的桃子》等。
4. 查尔斯·狄更斯(1812-1870):英国现实主义小说家,代表作品包括《雾都孤儿》、《大卫·科波菲尔》等。
5. 艾米莉·布朗特(1818-1848):英国自然主义小说家,代表作品为《呼啸山庄》。
**三、重要作品与分析**:1. 《哈姆雷特》:是莎士比亚创作的悲剧戏剧,以丰富的内心独白和对人生意义的探索而著称。
2. 《失乐园》:是约翰·米尔顿的史诗作品,以亚当和夏娃的堕落为中心,探讨了宗教、自由与命运等人性议题。
3. 《稻草人》:是卢瑟福·特瑞斯的代表诗歌之一,以对自然界的赞美和对工业革命的反思为主题。
英美文学复习资料
英美文学复习资料英美文学复习资料英美文学是世界文学史上的重要组成部分,包含了许多经典的文学作品和作家。
通过复习英美文学,我们可以更好地了解西方文化和思想,同时也能够提升自己的语言表达能力和文学素养。
本文将为大家提供一些英美文学复习资料,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。
一、英国文学1. 莎士比亚的四大悲剧:《哈姆雷特》、《奥赛罗》、《李尔王》和《麦克白》。
这些作品被誉为世界文学的瑰宝,展现了莎士比亚独特的戏剧才华和对人性的深刻洞察。
2. 简·奥斯汀的小说:《傲慢与偏见》、《理智与情感》等。
奥斯汀以细腻的笔触和幽默的描写,刻画了当时英国社会的风貌和女性的处境,成为英国文学的代表作家之一。
3. 查尔斯·狄更斯的小说:《雾都孤儿》、《双城记》等。
狄更斯以其对社会问题的关注和对人性的揭示而闻名,他的作品揭示了当时英国社会的黑暗面,对社会改革产生了深远影响。
4. 弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫的小说:《达洛维夫人》、《到灯塔去》等。
伍尔夫以其独特的意识流写作风格和对女性问题的关注,开创了现代主义小说的新篇章。
二、美国文学1. 马克·吐温的小说:《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》、《汤姆·索亚历险记》等。
吐温以其幽默风趣和对美国社会的讽刺洞察而受到广泛赞誉,他的作品展现了美国南方的风土人情和对奴隶制度的批判。
2. 埃米莉·迪金森的诗歌:迪金森的诗歌充满了哲思和深度,她以其独特的写作风格和对生死、爱情等主题的探索而成为美国文学的重要代表。
3. 威廉·福克纳的小说:《喧哗与骚动》、《押沙龙,押沙龙!》等。
福克纳以其复杂的叙事结构和对南方社会的描绘而被誉为美国文学的巨匠,他的作品展现了南方社会的衰落和黑暗。
4. 托尼·莫里森的小说:《亲爱的》、《宠儿》等。
莫里森以其对种族、性别和身份问题的关注而成为美国文学的重要代表,她的作品揭示了美国社会的不公和歧视。
三、阅读技巧和复习建议1. 阅读经典作品时,要注重对文本细节的理解和分析。
英美文学复习题
英美文学复习题英美文学是一门丰富而广阔的学科,涵盖了众多经典作品和重要的文学思潮。
以下是一些常见的英美文学复习题,帮助您巩固和加深对这一领域的理解。
一、英国文学部分1、简述《坎特伯雷故事集》的主要内容和艺术特色。
《坎特伯雷故事集》是英国文学史上的经典之作,作者是杰弗雷·乔叟。
这部作品以一群朝圣者在前往坎特伯雷的旅途中讲故事为框架,展现了 14 世纪英国社会的各个层面。
故事内容丰富多样,包括爱情、冒险、宗教、道德等方面。
其艺术特色在于生动的人物刻画、多样化的故事题材和幽默风趣的语言。
乔叟通过不同人物的讲述,展现了他们的性格特点和社会地位,使读者能够深入了解当时的社会风俗和人性。
2、分析莎士比亚悲剧作品中主人公的命运和性格特点。
莎士比亚的悲剧作品如《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《李尔王》等闻名于世。
以哈姆雷特为例,他是一个充满矛盾和思考的人物。
他优柔寡断,一方面对复仇犹豫不决,另一方面又有着强烈的道德责任感和对真理的追求。
这种性格特点最终导致了他的悲剧命运。
而奥赛罗则是一个被嫉妒和轻信所蒙蔽的人物,他的冲动和盲目自信使他失去了理智,酿成了悲剧。
李尔王的刚愎自用和对权力的错误认知,使他在晚年遭受了巨大的痛苦。
3、谈谈弥尔顿的《失乐园》对宗教和人性的探索。
《失乐园》是弥尔顿的代表作之一。
这部作品以史诗的形式讲述了亚当和夏娃被逐出伊甸园的故事。
弥尔顿在其中对宗教进行了深入的思考,探讨了上帝的意志、人类的原罪以及自由意志等问题。
同时,也展现了人性的弱点和挣扎,如撒旦的骄傲和叛逆,亚当和夏娃的欲望和犯错后的忏悔。
4、 18 世纪英国现实主义小说的发展和代表作家。
18 世纪是英国现实主义小说兴起的时期,代表作家有丹尼尔·笛福、乔纳森·斯威夫特和亨利·菲尔丁等。
笛福的《鲁滨逊漂流记》讲述了主人公在荒岛上的生存经历,展现了人类的坚韧和智慧。
斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》通过奇幻的冒险故事讽刺了当时的社会现实。
英美文学 知识点总结
英美文学知识点总结英美文学是指在英国和美国国家领土内产生的文学作品,包括英国文学与美国文学。
英美文学史是人类文明史的一个重要组成部分,包括从古典到现代的文学作品,涵盖了从莎士比亚到奥斯卡·王尔德等众多作家的作品。
英美文学的知识点众多,具有深刻的历史、文化和社会背景,下面将总结英美文学知识点,帮助读者更好地了解和学习英美文学。
1. 英国文学的起源和发展英国文学的起源可追溯至中世纪,早期的英国文学作品包括《贝奥歌》、《坎特伯雷故事集》等。
而随着文艺复兴的到来,英国文学迎来了新的发展时期,莎士比亚、斯宾塞等众多作家的作品为英国文学的繁荣与发展奠定了基础。
18世纪的启蒙运动影响了英国文学的发展方向,霍华德、斯威夫特等作家的作品在英国文学史上留下了重要的痕迹。
2. 美国文学的诞生与发展美国文学的起源较晚,17世纪移民新英格兰书信文学是美国文学的开端。
18世纪,美国文学开始迈入现代化阶段,风格多样的文学作品层出不穷。
19世纪的浪漫主义运动、现实主义运动以及自然主义运动,都为美国文学的繁荣与发展贡献了力量。
3. 英美文学的经典作品在英美文学史上,有许多经典作品,这些作品对后世文学产生了深远的影响。
如莎士比亚的《哈姆雷特》、奥斯卡·王尔德的《风华绝代》、简·奥斯汀的《傲慢与偏见》、查尔斯·狄更斯的《雾都孤儿》等。
4. 英美文学的主题和风格英美文学作品的主题和风格多种多样,既有对家国情怀的歌颂,也有对人性命运的探索。
从文艺复兴时期的骑士文学到现代主义文学,英美文学作品的风格也是千姿百态。
5. 英美文学的流派英美文学的作品涉及的流派众多,包括戏剧、小说、诗歌、散文等。
在戏剧方面,莎士比亚的作品是最具代表性的;在小说方面,狄更斯的作品是最为典型的;在诗歌方面,弗罗斯特的作品是最为著名的。
6. 英美文学的影响英美文学对全球文学产生了深远影响,从语言、风格、主题等方面都对其他国家的文学产生了影响。
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11级英语二专《英美文学》期末复习指南(AB卷)【备注:】1. 考试形式为闭卷,允许带一张统一标准(8cm×8cm) 的手抄复习资料(严禁打印、复印);考前检查不符合要求的一律上交(包括纸张尺寸超标,复印、打印等),相关后果自负!2. 书写时请注意:英语中没有书名号《》;书籍、杂志报纸、剧本、长诗、影片及歌剧的名称书写时要加下划线(打印用斜体表示);文章或非长诗加双引号。
(考试时不规范的格式扣该题的一半分数!)3. 课堂上已讲解过的题目均省略答案,请参照自己的课堂笔记。
****************************************一、Identification. (1%×10=10%)(考其中一组) (答案参考教材)Identify the author with his or her work.(1)Charles Dickens A. A Passage to India(2) E.M. Foster B. Paradise Regained(3)James Joyce C. The Color Purple(4)John Milton D. The Road Not Taken(5)Shelley E. For Whom the Bell Tolls(6)Robert Frost F. Jude the Obscure(7)Alice Walker G. The Waste Land(8)Ernest Hemingway H. Hard Times(9)T.S. Eliot I. Ulysses(10)T homas Hardy J. Prometheus Unbound(1)Henry James(2)Francis Bacon(3)George Bernard Shaw(4)Emily Bronte(5)William Golding(6)Shelley(7)Dylan Thomas(8)William Blake(9)Oscar Wilde(10)J ames Joyce A.Lord of the FliesB.Wuthering HeightsC.“The Tyger”D.Queen MabE.The Portrait of a LadyF.The DublinersG.The Importance of Being EarnestH.PygmalionI.Novum OrganumJ.Deaths and Entrances二、Fill in the blanks. (1%×10=10%)(考其中10题)1.Beowulf is regarded as the oldest poem in English literature.2.The prevailing form of Medieval English literature is the Romance.13.In 1925, Fitzgerald wrote his best novel The Great Gatsby. It is the story of an idealist who isdestroyed by the influence of the wealthy, pleasure-seeking people around him.4.The greatest and most distinctive achievement of Elizabethan literature is drama.5.In 1925, Virginia Woolf published her masterpieces Mrs. Dalloway, in which she used thetechnique of “stream of consciousness” to denote the flow of inner experiences.6.William Faulkner wrote about the society in the south by inventing families which representsdifferent social forces: the old decaying upper class; the rising, ambitious unscrupulous class of the “Poor Whites”; and the Negroes who labor for both of them.7.The two major novelists of the English Romantic Period are Jane Austen and Walter Scott.8.J. D. Salinger is regarded as a spokesman for the alienated youth in the post-war era and his TheCatcher in the Rye is referred to as a students’ classic.9.Jane Eyre is one that introduces to the English novel the first governess heroine.10.John Dryden wrote his famous prose com position “an Essay of Dramatic Poesy” in 1668, whichestablished his position as the leading critic of the day.11.Beowulf is regarded as the oldest poem in English literature.12.The Rape of the Lock takes the form of a mock epic, which describes the triviality of high societyin a grand style.13.The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the dramatic monologue.14.James Joyce is the founder of the “Stream of consciousness” school of novel writing.15.The Rainbow and Women in Love are generally regarded as D. H. Lawrence’s masterpieces.16.The Grapes of Wrath is written by John Steinbeck who won the Pulitzer Prize.17.Carl Sandburg was associated with the imagists and wrote well-known imagist poems such as TheHarbor, Smoke and Steel, and Fog.18.The two-line stanza form is called the couplet, the best-know being the heroic couplet which iswritten in iambic pentameter with an end rhyme.19.J. D. Salinger is regarded as a spokesman for the alienated youth in the post-war era and his TheCatcher in the Rye is referre d to as a students’ classic.20.Stephen Crane’s novel, Maggie: A Girl of the Street, is the story of a girl who experiences theviolence and cruelty of the society almost every day.三、Choose the best answer. (1%×20=20%)(考其中20题)1. The hero in the romance is usually the knight.2. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight is the most accomplished example of medieval romance, dealing with Arthurian romance.3. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” is taken from Ode to the West Wind.4. Most of Hardy’s novels are set in Wessex, the fictional primitive and crude region which is really the home place he both loves and hates.5. Milton’s Paradise Los t is written in blank verse.6. The Pilgrim’s Progress is a religious allegory.7. “He was not of an age, but for all the time.” “He” here refers to Shakespeare.8. In The Preface to Lyrical Ballads, William Wordsworth set forth his principles of poetry, “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”.9. Transcendentalists believed that nature is ennobling and the individual is divine.10. Keats’s poetry is always sensuous, colorful and rich in imagery, which expresses the acuteness of his senses. In his poetry, sight, sound, scent, taste and feeling are all taken in to give an entire understanding of an experience.11. The prevailing tone in Pride and Prejudice is mild satire.12. The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.13. The Last Leaf by the American short story writer O. Henry relates the story of a fictional painter who finally finishes his “masterpiece” of life at the cost of his life.14. Robert Burns wrote under the influence of Scottish folk tradition and old Scottish poetry.15. The Rainbow is a story about the three generations of the Brangwen family on the Marsh farm.16. Lucky Jim by Kingsley Amis is a comic novel.17. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.” This is the shortest poem written by Ezra Pound.18. All his novels reveal that, as time went on, Mark Twain became increasingly pessimistic.19. “Proper words in proper places, makes the true definition of a style” are the famous words by Jonathan Swift.20. In Rip Van Winkle, Washington Irving agrees with the protagonist on the preferability of the past to the present, of a dream-like world to the real world.21.The Picture of Dorian Gray is Oscar Wilde’s only novel.22.The Dynasts is Thomas Hardy’s epic。