英译汉参考译文

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英译汉-翻译参考译文

练习1 美国印象☐我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂——从一般角度来说，也许我对这个国家所知甚少。

我说不出它的经度或纬度；我算不出它出产谷物的价值；我对它的政治也不十分熟悉。

这些东西可能不会使你感兴趣，它们当然也不会让我感兴趣。

☐在美国上岸后得到的第一个深刻印象，就是美国人可能算不上世界上穿得最漂亮的，但却是穿得最舒服的。

那里看得到男人头戴着不堪入目的烟囱式高顶礼帽，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；还看到穿着难看至极的燕尾服的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。

美国人的穿戴显得舒适，这和在我国常可以看到的人们衣衫褴褛的情形形成了鲜明的对比。

☐我特别注意到的第二个特点是，似乎每个人都在急着赶火车。

这种情形对诗歌和浪漫爱情是不利的。

要是罗密欧和朱丽叶老是为乘火车而担心，或是在为返城车票而烦恼，莎士比亚就不可能写出那几幕如此富有诗意与伤感情调的阳台戏了。

☐美国是世界上最嘈杂的国家。

在早晨，不是夜莺的歌声，而是汽笛的呜叫把人们唤醒。

美国人讲求实际的头脑这么健全，却没有想到要降低这种令人难以忍受的噪音，真叫人吃惊。

所有艺术都依赖于精细微妙的敏锐感觉，这样持续不断的喧嚣，最终一定会损害人的音乐天赋。

☐美国城市没有牛津、剑桥、索尔兹伯里和温彻斯特那么美丽，那些地方有优雅时代的美好遗迹；虽然不时还是可以看到许多美的东西，但只能在美国人没有存心创造美的地方。

在美国人有意创造美的地方，他们显然没有成功。

美国人的突出特点，便是他们把科学应用于现代生活的那种态度。

☐在纽约走马观花地一走，这一点就一目了然了。

在英国人们常把发明家视作狂人，发明带来的是失望与穷困的例子简直不胜枚举。

在美国发明家受到尊重，他随时可以得到人们的帮助。

在那里心灵手巧、把科技应用于人类的劳动，是致富的捷径。

没有一个国家比美国更爱机器的了。

☐或许，值得指出的是，被许多人指为美国式英语的其实是老的英国式表达，它们在我国已经消失，却在我们的殖民地里留存下来。

许多人以为美国人常说的“I guess”（“我猜”）纯粹是一种美国式表达，但约翰∙洛克在他的The understanding (《理解论》）中就用过这种说法，就像我们现在使用“I think”（“我想”）一样。

英译汉之打磨译文-社会文化(参考译文)

英译汉之打磨译文一一社会文化（参考译文）The next generation is here, and they want(o change the world. The 1 bn 16-24-year-olds currently filtering out into the adult world have grown up during a period of immense cultural, demographic, political and technological change.“下一代”来了，他们想改变世界。

现在，有10亿16岁至24岁的年轻人正逐渐进入成人世界。

他们的成长过程，伴随着巨大的文化、人口、政治和技术变化。

This is a generation for whom difference and constant change are the norm. Different faces, different voices, different genders, different social media platforms, and a new meme to master every week. 对于这一代人，差异和不断变化是常态。

他们有着不同的面孔，不同的声音，不同的性别，使用不同的社交媒体平台，每周都有新的模因(meme)要掌握。

The NexlGen spend more time on social media than any other generation, and are especially drawn to visual social media. NcxtGcn arc on Facebook, but so is everyone else. What sets them apart is their usage of apps like Instagram, Snapchat, and more recently TikTok -platforms where their own face and voice take centre stage.相比于其他年代的人，“下一代”花在社交媒体上的时间最多，尤其喜欢视觉化社交媒体。

历年翻译真题原文及参考译文(1)

历年翻译真题原文及参考译文(1)1.1990年英译汉试题及参考译文People have wondered for a long time how their personalities，and behaviors are formed.It is not easy to explain why oneperson is intelligent and another is not，or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are，of course，extremely interested in these types of questions.（61）They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors.There are no clear answers yet，but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed.As one might expect，the two approaches are very different from each other.The controversy is often conveniently referred to asnature vs.nurture.（62）Those who support thenatureside of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.（63）That our environment has little，if anything，to do with our abilities，characteristics and behavior is central to this theory.Taken to an extreme，this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.Those who support thenurturetheory，that is，they advocate education，are often called behaviorists.They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act.A behaviorist，B.F.Skinner，sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings.（64）The behaviorists maintain that，like machines，humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior.Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic，intelligence，offered by the two theories.（65）Supporters of thenaturetheory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologicallydetermined.Needless to say，they don't believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic.On the other hand，behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences.（66）Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli whichdevelop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.The social and political implications of these two theories are profound.（67）In the United States，blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests.This leads somenatureproponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites.（68）Behaviorists，in contrast，say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior.1990年英译汉试题参考译文长期以来人们完全不知道他们的性格特征和行为模式是怎样形成的。

英译汉段落理解-教育发展(参考译文)

英译汉之段落理解一一教育发展（参考译文）Towards 2030: a new vision for education迈向2030：新的教育愿景Our vision is to transform lives through education, recognizing the important role of education as a main driver of development and in achieving the other proposed SDGs. We commit with a sense of urgency to a single, renewed education agenda that is holistic, ambitious and aspirational, leaving no one behind. It is inspired by a humanistic vision of education and development based on human rights and dignity; social justice; inclusion; protection; cultural, linguistic and ethnic diversity; and shared responsibility and accountability. We reaffirm that education is a public good, a fundamental human right and a basis for guaranteeing the realization of other rights. It is essential for peace, tolerance, human fulfilment and sustainable development. We recognize education as key to achieving full employment and poverty eradication. We will focus our efforts on access, equity and inclusion, quality and learning outcomes, within a lifelong learning approach.我们的愿景是通过教育改变生活，认识到教育作为发展的主要动力所发挥的重要作用，在实现其他拟议的可持续发展目标方面所扮演的重要角色。

《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

Lesson 11.3 美国副总统复旦演讲韩市长，非常感谢您！谢谢您做介绍时的友好言辞。

今天我们很高兴来到这里。

我和我夫人为有这次机会再次来到中国访问感到荣幸。

感谢贵国对我们的欢迎，特别感谢复旦大学的热情接待。

我们为此感到不胜荣幸，谢谢你们！我们此行带来了布什总统和美国人民的良好祝愿。

我知道在座的许多人很快就要从这所优秀的大学毕业。

我听说贵校有极为严格的标准，得到复旦大学的学位代表着多年的刻苦攻读和自我约束。

我祝贺在座各位学业有成。

对各位老师坚持复旦大学99年追求卓越的传统我深表钦佩。

1.4 Speech by Wang Guangya at Princeton UniversityLadies and Gentlemen,Good evening.I am honored to be invited to your seminar tonight. For me, for my colleagues and for many other Chinese, Princeton has long been a familiar name. With a history longer than the country, it has produced many outstanding people,Woodrow Wilson, the 28th US president, Albert Einstein, the great scientist, and T. S. Eliot, the famous poet, to name but a few. As former president Bill Clinton said in 1996 at the celebrations for the 250th anniversary of Princeton,“At every pivotal moment in American history, Princeton, its leadership, faculty and its students have played a crucial role.”I am more pleased to learn that all of you have a keen interest in China. Though our two countries are geographically far apart, we have a great deal incommon in the everyday life. While many Chinese enjoy Hollywood movies and McDonald’s fast food, many Americans find that their clothes and daily necessities are made in China. I hope that today’s seminar will help you gain a better understanding of China and its foreign policy, thus deepening further our friendship and cooperation.1.5 新工厂落成典礼上的讲话各位尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：下午好！欢迎大家前来参加我们公司在中国的首家新厂房的落成典礼！感谢各位拨冗光临，与我们共同庆祝这一盛大的活动！我谨代表公司对今天来参加典礼的各位供应商、客户嘉宾、各位员工和业务伙伴说声“谢谢！”公司管理层深深为我们的新工厂感到骄傲，我们能干的员工感到骄傲，他们发展了工厂的业务，使之达到国际水平。

2024英语三级笔译(Catti 3)实务真题及参考译文

2024年英语三级笔译（CATTI3）实务真题及参考译文1.英译汉（原文）The last vestiges of Covid Restrictions have finally been removed, and international tourism is exploding—more than 900 million eager tourists took to the skies in 2022, doubling the number from 2021.But as world travel recovers from the pandemic, the rise in tourism is, among other things, overwhelming foreign infrastructure, disrupting local residents and diminishing the overall tourist experience.Although tourism still boosts the economies of hotspot cities, municipal authorities are concerned about the impact over tourism has on their communities and cultural heritage sites and have thus started taking matters into their own hands to mitigate overcrowding.To counter the downsides of overtourism, the travel industry can utilize tech-based tools that combat the root causes of tourist congestion and actively encourage travel to lesser-known places, thereby satisfying tourists without burdening the local residents.According to one study, when tourist numbers exceed a city’s carrying capacity, residents’ perception of their home as a good place to live begins to deteriorate, increasing feelings of resentment toward tourists during peak seasons.Amsterdam, with its picturesque canals, stunning brick architecture and leisurely bicycle paths, is just one of several cities reeling from the effects of overtourism; more than 20 million tourists are anticipated to visit the city this year alone.To curb the flow of visitors without destabilizing the tourism market, the city introduced a cap on overnight guests and is proposing further measures that include relocating some popular tourist attractions to outside the city center—or even removing them altogether.To give the city more “breathing space”, the mayor of Dubrovnik（杜布罗夫尼克，克罗地亚城市）shut down 80% of its souvenir stalls and restricted cruise ship and tour bus operations. City officials in Barcelona instituted taxes for overnight tourists and barred entry to certain food markets. And in Venice, officials banned the development of new hotels and installed turnstiles along popular routes to redirect tourist traffic.To thrive with resident communities, the tourism industry must cultivate a new approach that better serves local interests when promoting destinations and trip options.Marketing trips through the use of thoughtful ad campaigns and tech tools that inspire tourists to venture away from conventional hotspots and explore lesser-known attractions could lead to a more even distribution of travelers across various destinations.To that end, dispersing tourists should be a top business goal for travel providers rather than focusing only on the high-traffic destinations. This not only enables travelers to genuinely experience diverse cultures but also provides vital support torural-located businesses, restaurants and cultural establishments, which stand to gain the most from tourist dollars.In order to empower travelers to visit new or unfamiliar destinations, the industry should consider leveraging tech-based tools to convince them. Airbnb（爱彼迎公司）, for example, rolled out flexible search features in 2021 that divert bookings away from destinations at times when overtourism occurs, encouraging tourists to make accommodations in alternative cities or towns.With tourists overrunning major destinations, the tourism industry and local municipalities must find some middle ground. Heavily visited cities will otherwise be forced to impose further tourist restrictions, putting an entire revenue stream at risk.1.英译汉（译文）新冠疫情最后剩余的限制终于被解除，国际旅游业也因此迎来了爆发式增长——2022年，有超过9亿热切的游客乘飞机出行，人数是2021年的两倍。

(B)1 汉译英练习参考译文

大学英语（B）1汉译英练习参考译文1、丝绸之路不仅是东西商业贸易之路，而且是中国和亚欧各国间政治往来文化交流的通道。

西方的音乐、绘画、建筑、宗教等通过此路先后传到中国，并对中国产生了很大影响。

中国的纺织和四大发明也通过此路传向西方。

丝绸之路是东西方交往的友好象征。

丝绸之路打造了世界贸易的雏形（embryonic form），为世界发展做出了不朽的贡献。

The Silk Road is not only a network of trade route connecting the East and West but also a channel of political interaction and cultural exchange between China and other Asian and European countries. The Western music, painting, architecture, and religion were introduced into China via the Silk Road and had great impact on China. The Chinese textiles and the Four Great Inventions were also introduced to the West via the Silk Road. As a symbol of friendship for interaction between the East and West, the Silk Road fostered an embryonic form of world trade and made monumental contributions to the development of the world.2、现在人们习惯于使用智能手机、平板电脑（tablet PC）或者专门的电子阅读器来阅读。

综合英语4课后汉英翻译参考译文

Unit 11.我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一直没有来。

I had arranged for them to meet each other at the pub but the young man never turned up.2.你无法仅凭表面现象判断形势是否会对我们不利。

Y ou cannot tell merely from appearance whether things will turn out unfavorable to us or not.3.那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了国家的最高荣誉。

The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle, gained the highest honors of the country.4.主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听从他的意见。

The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest of the committee yielded to his opinion.5.他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经经历坎坷。

They are well-to-do now, but along the way they had their ups and downs.6.这次演讲我讲说明两个问题。

There are two questions to which I will address myself in this lecture.7.我们正筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。

We are planning a big Christmas party in your honors.8.听到那个曲子，我回想起了儿童时代。

Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.Unit 21.那只鸽子被卡在树杈里，一会儿就跌落下来。

专八汉译英十篇

1暮色中，河湾里落满云霞，与天际的颜色混合一起，分不清哪是流云哪是水湾。

也就在这一幅绚烂的图画旁边，在河湾之畔，一群羊正在低头觅食。

它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来，看一眼这美丽的黄昏。

也许它们要抓紧时间，在即将回家的最后一刻再次咀嚼。

这是黄河滩上的一幕。

牧羊人不见了，他不知在何处歇息。

只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。

这儿水草肥美，让它们长得肥滚滚的。

如果走近了, 你会发现它们洁白的牙齿，以及那丰富而单纯的表情。

2都市寸土千金，地价炒得越来越高，今后将更高。

拥有一个小小花园的希望，对寻常之辈不啻是一种奢望，一种梦想。

我想，其实谁都有一个小小花园，这便是我们的内心世界。

人的智力需要开发，人的内心世界也是需要开发的。

人和动物的区别，除了众所周知的诸多方面，恐怕还在于人有内心世界。

心不过是人的一个重要脏器，而内心世界是一种景观，它是由外部世界不断地作用于内心渐渐形成的。

每个人都无比关注自己及至亲至爱之人心脏的渐损，以至于稍有微疾便惶惶不可终日。

但并非每个人都关注自己及至亲至爱之人的内心世界的阴晴。

3手机刷新了人与人的关系。

会议室门口通常贴着一条通告：请与会者关闭手机。

可是会议室里的手机铃声仍然响成一片。

我们都是普通人，并没有多少重要的事情。

尽管如此，我们也不会轻易关掉手机。

打开手机象征我们与这个世界的联系。

手机反映出我们的"社交饥渴症"。

最为常见的是，一个人走着走着突然停下来，眼睛盯着手机屏幕发短信。

他不在乎停在马路中央还是厕所旁边。

4朋友关系的存续是以相互尊重为前提的，容不得半点强求、干涉和控制。

朋友之间，情趣相投、脾气对味则合、则交；反之，则离、则绝。

朋友之间再熟悉、再亲密，也不能随便过头、不恭不敬。

不然，默契和平衡将被打破，友好关系将不复存在。

每个人都希望拥有自己的私密空间，朋友之间过于随便，就容易侵入这片禁区，从而引起冲突，造成隔阂。

待友不敬，或者只是一件小事，却可能已埋下了破坏性的种子。

汉译英原文及参考译文

Traditionally, a Chinese knot must be bent, tied and crafted from a single red rope, to express the endless circle of happy life. That is the most important characteristic of Chinese Knot. By combining different knots or other auspicious adornments skillfully, a unique auspicious ornament, especially the redcolored which represents beauty, happiness and wishes, is formed.
三、史学方法
史学方法是任何历史研究工作者必须学习的课程，也是正确掌握历史研究的一种重要训练。它包括史学家使用的各种技术和准则，通过他们史学家用第一手资源和其他研究证据写出历史。在历史哲学中，合理的历史方法的性质甚至还有可能性等问题，被当作认识论问题提了出来。其追随者则以外部批评、内部批评和综合法为标题，对史学家在研究工作中常用的历史准则进行概括。（173）
四、中国结
中国结是一种古老的编织艺术。中国人自汉代就把中国结用作装饰。现在的人们仍然对传统中国结复杂的美和编织秘密感到不解。“结” 在中文的含义是团聚、友谊、温暖和结婚，等等。所以中国结也成为团聚、幸运、和谐和爱的象征。
制作传统的中国结必须用一根红绳弯曲、打结、编织，喻义是无穷无尽的幸福生活的循环。这是中国结最重要的特征。把不同的结和其它的吉祥饰物巧妙的结合在一起，就是一个独特的吉祥饰品，特别是代表美、幸福和愿望的红色。

【专八】专八翻译练习汉译英50篇与参考译文

126专八翻译练习汉译英50篇及参考译文Translate the underlined part of the text into English.1．在兽类中我最爱虎，在虎的故事中我最爱下面的一个。

深山中有一所古庙，几个和尚在那里过着单调的修行生活。

同他们做朋友的，除了有时上山来的少数乡下人外，就是几只猛虎。

虎不惊扰僧人，却替他们守护庙宇。

作为报酬，和尚把一些可吃的东西放在庙门前。

每天傍晚，夕阳染红小半个天空，虎们成群地走到庙门口，吃了东西，跳跃而去。

庙门大开，僧人们安然在庙内做他们的日课，也没有谁出去看虎怎样吃东西，即使偶尔有一二和尚立在门前，虎们亦视为平常的事情，把他们看做熟人，不去惊动，却斯斯文文地吃完走开。

如果看不见僧人，虎就发出几声长啸，随着几阵风飞腾而去。

2．光绪二十六年，八国联军攻占北京。

慈禧太后弃城而走，一直逃到西安。

和谈开始后，她并未马上返回北京。

起初，外国列强的要求里面有一项是让慈禧太后退位，由光绪帝重新执掌朝廷。

不过，在与李鸿章多次会谈后，他们放弃了这一要求。

第二年正式签署和约，随后过了一个月慈禧才终于从西安动身。

她对外国人万分惧怕，正像她对国人无比傲慢一样。

她在河南停留了很长一段时间，到了保定又逗留多日，好不容易才回到北京。

据野史记载，在这漫长的旅途中还发生了一件趣事。

一位地方官员送给慈禧一只猴子，她颇为高兴，竟下旨给那只猴子穿黄马褂。

后来太监报告说，有的官员发出了“人不如猴”的感慨，慈禧这才发现自己的决定有些荒唐，于是又下旨给随行官员每人一件黄马褂。

得到这殊荣之后，大家真不知道该感谢慈禧还是感谢那只猴子。

3. 中国对香港的政策是“一国两制”，这个原则不仅对香港经济发展有利，而且和中国本身的利益也是一致的。

我们不想使香港政府在过渡时期无法正常行使其职能，恰恰相反，我们希望它能有效地管理香港的事务，中英联合声明和建造新机场的谅解备忘录就是最好的保证。

至于1997年以后的，全国人民大会已通过了《中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法》。

英汉翻译练习16篇(参考译文)

英汉翻译练习16篇（参考译文）·英汉翻译练习翻译16篇1．用翻译学外语经验谈大凡水平较高的人都接受过两种教育，一种是从师，另一种更为直接、更为重要——自学。

……在做法语和拉丁语翻译时，我采用了一个极好的方法。

在此，我愿从自己成功的经验出发，把它介绍给学生们效仿。

我选择了一些经典作家，如西塞罗和维脱，因为他们的文体纯正优雅，最受好评。

譬如，我把西塞罗的书信译成法语，然后把译文搁置一旁，等其中的词句和短语全都忘光之后，再把法语译文回译成我力所能及的拉丁语。

最后，拿我那蹩脚的译文与那位罗马演说家平易、优美、用词精当的原文，逐句逐句进行对照。

同样，我也拿维脱的《革命文献》做过好些页的翻译练习。

我把它们先译成拉丁语，搁置一段时间以后，再把它们回译成法语，然后，就我的习作和原文之间的异同，做详细的比较。

渐渐地．我对自己感到比较满意了。

我坚持这种对译的练习，竟用了好几个笔记本。

最后，我终于熟悉了两种语言的习惯用法，至少掌握了一种正确的文体。

这种有益的书面翻译练习还要与欣赏名著这种更为愉快的活动同时或交叉进行。

认真阅读罗马经典著作，对我来说既是一种练习也是一种犒赏。

(爱德华·吉朋)（译文参考祝吉芳编著《英汉翻译——方法与试笔》，北京大学出版社，2004）2．罗马假日影评（节选）当电影发展到苦乐交融的高潮时，通过一种感人的方式把人物带回到现实世界，人物升华到了真正的高尚和无私的精神境界。

派克越来越少考虑把赫本作为独家新闻，更多地把她看作是一个具有完美人格的真实的人。

他在对赫本的爱和想攀上事业阶梯的欲望之间挣扎着。

最后，他选择了爱，放弃了金钱和名誉。

派克以一贯稳健的表演（坚毅的形象）演绎了一个令人难以忘怀的结局。

结尾的处理真实而浪漫，暗示着一种超乎现实之外的精神上的启示。

这一苦乐交融的结局使“罗马假日”免于沦为一类题材的浪漫喜剧-----它们经常靠制造紧张的情节以获得一个美满的结局。

3．人在旅途无论你是谁，无论你身在何方，此时此刻，你我有一个共同点，一个永远伴随你我的共同点。

英汉翻译笔译练习参考译文

英汉翻译笔译练习参考译文Chapter 19四、英汉翻译练习题参考答案1. 有些国家失业现象普遍。

2. 那里的雇主使用了暴力手段。

3. 玛丽说话时脸上露出了拘谨的神色。

4. 丽娜姨听见了家庭的困难情况后，同意去找工作。

5. 他的话有些道理。

6. 不要乱想。

7. 我连他的模样也记不清楚了。

8. 他还问我别后的情况。

9. 我们的衷心愿望是建立世界持久和平。

10. 工人对那个新组织抱着很大希望。

11. 拷打、审讯彻夜不停，搜捕彻夜不停。

12. 我是挪威轮船公司派来和贵方商谈运输问题的。

13. 他保证他广告中所登的东西都能“永久”使用。

14. 我的前三十年是在美国西部度过的。

15. 判断一个人要看他对集体服务得怎样，但是集体也要重视个人的生活和才能。

16. 吉姆非常不高兴，因为他不能去游泳。

17. 他和他的过去断绝了一切联系，和旧社会的各个方面也断绝了一切联系。

18. 接着他谈到了慈善事业的兴起和教育的普及，特别谈到了财富和工作面的扩大。

19. 语法论述语言的结构，英语语法论述英语的结构，法语语法论述法语的结构，等等。

20. 他们谈到了他们所渴望的那些东西——谈到了肉类，谈到了热汤，谈到了黄油的丰富营养。

21. 她抬起眼来的时候，眼睛显得很大，很特别，很动人。

22. 大家庭有大家庭的难处。

23. 谁工作努力，谁就会受到尊重。

24. 生于社会，不能脱离社会。

25. 这个城市是个小城市，看上去跟其他与它大小相仿的城市没有什么两样，但是其他城市却很少有这么多的天然优越条件。

26. 一年又一年，一世纪又一世纪，月亮盈亏变化，周而复始。

27. 来得容易去得快。

28. 不下苦功就没有收获。

29. 他在情况危急时，态度从容，镇定自若。

30. 据他看来，这次审判是绝对公平合理的。

31. 她是一个非常愚昧无知的女人。

32. 他象他的朋友一样，虽然头脑里有许多美妙的想法，却只有少数付诸实施。

33. 我们能测量罐内的水量，但不能测量水的热度，我们还没有这种仪器。

《英译汉教程》参考译文

第二部分练习参考译文Chapter 1 General PrinciplesDrills 1.3.1(1) 1. 这对克服困难很有帮助。

（go a long way towards something/doing something = helpgreatly in [achieving] something, OALD 2002: 525;《新英汉词典》2000: 1577）2. 趁你还年轻的时候，加油吧！/青春不再，趁早努力。

（go it = act in a manner that is quicker,more lively, impatient, etc., than is usual. Longman Dictionary of English Idioms1979: 130;《英汉大词典》1993: 740）3. 我需要更多空闲的时间。

（could do with something = need or want something, LDCE1998: 435）4. 这次失败促使他成功。

（[the making of] = a means of gaining great improvement orsuccess, LDCE 1998: 918）5. 我盼望在最后一刻可以挽救和平。

（the eleventh hour = the very last moment, LDCE 1998:478）6.她对此事很了解。

（know a thing or two [about somebody/something] = know a lot [aboutsomebody/something], OALD 2002: 825）7. 她真是爱说话。

/她太喜欢说话了。

（ready = willing to do, LDCE 1998: 1249, 参见“学生用书”243页）8.无线电传来了该地区发现大油田的消息。

英汉口译原文及参考译文

原文及参考译文11.1 单句口译1．全年工业增加值为62,815亿元，比上年增长11.5%。

2．全年粮食产量为46，947万吨，比上年增加3，877万吨，增长9.1%。

3．全年进出口总额达11，548亿美元，比上年增长35.7%。

4．全年合同外资金额为1，535亿美元，增长33.4%；实际使用外资606亿美元，增长13.3%。

5．全年入境旅游人数10，904万人次，国际旅游外汇收入257亿美元，增长47.9%。

6．Last year the unemployment rate in the US was nearly 5%.7. European unemployment fell by roughly two percent in the 1st quarter of 2005.8. The volume of freight handled by ports throughout the country totaled 4 billion tons, up 21.3% over the previous year.9. The total number of privately-owned vehicles was 13.65 million, up 12.0%.10. The year 2004 saw 1.1 billion domestic tourists, up 26.6%. Revenue from domestic tourism totaled 471.1 billion yuan, up 36.9%.Sentence interpreting1.The annual added value of industry is RMB 6.2815 trillion yuan, an increase of 11.5% overlast year.2.The annual output of grain is 469,470,000 tons, 38,770,000 tons more than last year, and anincrease of 9.1%.3.The annual total volume of import and export is USD 1.1548 trillion, an increase of 35.7%over last year.4.The annual volume of contracted foreign capital is USD 153.5 billion, an increase of 33.4%;and actually utilized foreign capital is USD 60.6 billion, and increase of 13.3%.5.The annual number of inbound tourists is 109,040,000, and the income from foreign currencyis USD 25.7 billion, and increase of 47.9%.6.去年美国的失业率接近5%。

英译汉翻译历年真题及参考译文（4）

1997年英译汉试题及参考译⽂　Do animals have rights?This is how the question is usually put.It sounds like a useful，ground-clearing way to start.（71）Actually，it isnt，because it assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights，which is something the world does not have.　On one view of rights，to be sure，it necessarily follows that animals have none.72）Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract，as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements.Therefore，animals cannot have rights.The idea of punishing a tiger that kills somebody is absurd，for exactly the same reason，so is the idea that tigers have ringhts.However，this is only one account，and by no means an uncontested one.It denies rights not only to animals but also to some people—for instance，to infants，the mentally incapable and future generations.In addition，it is unclear what force a contract can have for people who never consented to it:how do you reply to somebody who saysI dont like this contract?　The point is this without agreement on the rights of people，arguing about the rights of animals is fruitless.（73）It leads the discussion to extremes at the outset:it invites you to think that animals should be treated either with the consideration humans extend to other humans，or with no consideration at all.This is a false choice.Better to start with another，more fundamental question:is the way we treat animals a moral issue at all?　Many deny it.（74）Arguing from the view that humans are different from animals in every relevant respect，extremists of this kind think that animals lie outside the area of moral choice.Any regard for the suffering of animals is seen as a mistake—a sentimental displacement of feeling that should properly be directed to other humans.　This view，which holds that torturing a monkey is morally equivalent to chopping wood，may seem bravelylogical.In fact it is simply shallow:the ethical equivalent of learning to crawl—is to weigh others interests against one s own.This in turn requires sympathy and imagination:without which there is no capacity for moral thought.To see an animal in pain is enough，for most，to engage sympathy.（75）When that happens，it is not a mistake:it is mankinds instinct for moral reasoning in action，an instinct that should be encouraged rather than laughed at. 1997年英译汉试题参考译⽂动物有权⼒吗?问题通常就是这样提出的。

英译汉-翻译参考译文

练习1 美国印象☐我恐怕不能把美国描绘成十足的天堂——从一般角度来说，也许我对这个国家所知甚少。

我说不出它的经度或纬度；我算不出它出产谷物的价值；我对它的政治也不十分熟悉。

这些东西可能不会使你感兴趣，它们当然也不会让我感兴趣。

☐在美国上岸后得到的第一个深刻印象，就是美国人可能算不上世界上穿得最漂亮的，但却是穿得最舒服的。

那里看得到男人头戴着不堪入目的烟囱式高顶礼帽，但很少有不戴帽子的男人；还看到穿着难看至极的燕尾服的男人，但很少有不穿外套的男人。

美国人的穿戴显得舒适，这和在我国常可以看到的人们衣衫褴褛的情形形成了鲜明的对比。

☐我特别注意到的第二个特点是，似乎每个人都在急着赶火车。

这种情形对诗歌和浪漫爱情是不利的。

要是罗密欧和朱丽叶老是为乘火车而担心，或是在为返城车票而烦恼，莎士比亚就不可能写出那几幕如此富有诗意与伤感情调的阳台戏了。

☐美国是世界上最嘈杂的国家。

在早晨，不是夜莺的歌声，而是汽笛的呜叫把人们唤醒。

美国人讲求实际的头脑这么健全，却没有想到要降低这种令人难以忍受的噪音，真叫人吃惊。

所有艺术都依赖于精细微妙的敏锐感觉，这样持续不断的喧嚣，最终一定会损害人的音乐天赋。

在美国人有意创造美的地方，他们显然没有成功。

美国人的突出特点，便是他们把科学应用于现代生活的那种态度。

☐在纽约走马观花地一走，这一点就一目了然了。

在英国人们常把发明家视作狂人，发明带来的是失望与穷困的例子简直不胜枚举。

在美国发明家受到尊重，他随时可以得到人们的帮助。

在那里心灵手巧、把科技应用于人类的劳动，是致富的捷径。

没有一个国家比美国更爱机器的了。

☐或许，值得指出的是，被许多人指为美国式英语的其实是老的英国式表达，它们在我国已经消失，却在我们的殖民地里留存下来。

英汉翻译练习1参考译文

My father was a middle-class black. Though he was born poor, he achieved middle-class standing through much hard work and sacrifice (one of his favorite words) and by identifying fully with solid middle-class values—mainly hard work, family life, property ownership, and education for his children (all four of whom have advanced degrees). In his mind these were not so much values as laws of nature. People who embodied them made up the positive images in his class identification. The negative images came largely from the blacks he had left behind because they were “going nowhere.”我父亲是一名中产阶级黑人。

尽管他出身贫穷，但是他通过勤奋、牺牲（他的口头禅之一）和恪守中产阶级价值观念其主要内容包括：努力工作，注重家庭生活，拥有财产，让孩子接受良好教育(现在他的四个孩子都拥有硕士以上学位），取得了中产阶级社会地位。

并且在我父亲看来，与其说这些是价值观念倒不如说它们是自然法则。

在父亲的价值观认同上，履行这些价值观念的人构成了他积极效仿的正面形象；他批评的反面形象则大部分来自于底层黑人，因为他们在社会中碌碌无为。

Whether I live up to these values or not, I know that my acceptance of them is the result of lifelong conditioning. I know also that I share this conditioning with middle-class people of all races and that I can no more easily be free of it than I canbe free of my race. For the middle-class black, conditioned by these values from birth, the sense of meaning they provide is as immutable as the color of his skin.无论我自己是否践行这些价值观念，可是我知道我对它们的接受是长期熏陶教育的结果。

英译汉之词义理解-科学技术(参考译文)

英译汉之词义理解一一科学技术（参考译文）Using carrots to create concrete, turning wood into plastic, or even compressing it into a “super wood'' that is as light and strong as titanium might sound like a series of almost Frankensteinish experiments. Yet all three are among the latest examples of employing natural fibers from plants as eco-friendly additives or alternatives to man-made materials.用胡萝卜生产混凝土，把木头变成塑料，甚至把木头压缩成与钛一样乂轻乂结实的“超级木头”，这些听起来好似科学怪人弗兰肯斯坦捣鼓的一系列疯狂实验。

然而，这三个奇思妙想是用植物中的天然纤维做环保添加剂或人造材料替代品的最新尝试。

Materials-science researchers are finding that plant fibers can add durability and strength to substances already used in the construction of buildings and in goods that range from toys and furniture to cars and aircraft. A big bonus is that, because plants lock up carbon in their structure, using lheir fibres (o make things should mean less carbon dioxide is emitted. The production of concrete alone represents some 5% of man-made global CO2 emissions, and making 1 kg of plastic from oil produces 6 kg of the greenhouse gas.材料科学研究人员发现，通过添加植物纤维，可以增强现有建筑材料及玩具、家具、汽车、飞机等各种商品原材料的耐用性和强度。