Unit 11 非谓语动词(1)
Unit11 非谓语动词（1）
（一）非谓语动词概述：
非谓语动词是指由动词变化而成，仍具有动词的性质与意义，但不作谓语动词使用，而具有除谓语外其它语法功能。非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）。
（二）非谓语动词的分类、意义及构成：
（三）非谓语动词的句法功
一、分词的时态和语态
1.分词的时态：
①分词一般式表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；或一个动作发生后，另一个动作紧接着发生。分词的一般式常在书面语中用作背景的描写。例如：
Walking down the street, I ran into Lily.
Hearing the news, I jumped with joy.
Switching off the lights, I turned over and buried my head in the pillow.
Living in the country, we had few social engagements.
②分词完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生。
Having noted down our names and addresses, the policeman dismissed us.
Having passed my driving test, I was able to buy my first car.
I was able to buy my first car, having passed my driving test.
③分词一般式和完成式均可表示已完成的动作，但在说话人心中，用一般式把2个动作看做是几乎同时发生，用完成式则强调2个动作的先后。例如：
Looking at the door, she went out.
Having studied in the university for three years, he knows the place very well.
2）分词的语态：
①分词一般式的被动语态强调动作正在进行中。例如：
The house being built will be our office building.
Being surrounded, the rebel troops were forced to surrender.
②分词完成式的被动语态强调先于谓语动词。例如：
Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking.
Not having been invited, he felt very unhappy.
③过去分词也表示被动，但没有强调动作先后的含义。例如：
The concert given by the symphony orchestra was a great success.
They are problems left over by history.
Seen from the hill, the city looks magnificent.
Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.
二、分词的语法作用
一）分词作定语
1）分词短语作定语时，放在被修饰的名词之后；单个分词作定语时，放在背被修饰的名词之前。
例如：
The man standing at the window is our teacher.
Polluted air and water are harmful to people?s health.
2)现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，或表示某个经常的动作或状态。例如：
The gentleman standing over there is our principal.
A rolling stone gathers no moss. (滚石不生苔；转行不聚财)
3）分词完成式不能做定语。表示发生在位于动词之前的动作，用定语从句。如果是被动结构，直接用过去分词。例如：
The teacher criticized the student who had broken the window.
The thief who took her bag has been arrested.
The Town Hall completed in the 1800?s was the most distinguished building at that time.
现在分词和过去分词作前置定语时的区别
1）现在分词作前置定语
①表示正在进行的主动动作。例如：
the rising sun=the sun that is rising 正在升起的太阳
注意下列短语：
a sleeping child 熟睡的孩子boiling water 沸水
a falling star 流行 a waiting crowd 等待的人群
increasing demand 日益增长的需求lasting peace 永久的和平
②表示主动但不正在进行。例如：
He is a promising student. 他是一个有前途的学生。
注意下列短语：
remaining days 剩下的岁月a tiring day 劳累的一天
an embarrassing position 窘境guiding principle 指导原则
neighboring country 邻国a walking dictionary 活字典
2) 过去分词作前置定语
①表示被动，且又是有已完成的含义。例如：
The risen sun= the sun that has just risen 初生的太阳
I don?t like to eat fried eggs. 我不喜欢吃煎蛋。
注意下列短语：
Boiled water 开（过的）水required courses 必修课
Furnished room 有家具的房间a written report 书面报告
③表示主动，且有完成的含义（仅限于某些不及物动词的过去分词作定语）。例如：
Where are the escaped prisoners？那些逃犯在哪里？
注意下列短语：
departed friends 离去的朋友an arrived visitor 一位来客
fallen leaves 落叶an escaped prisoner 一个逃犯
returned students 归国留学生faded flowers 凋谢的花
retired workers 退休工人 a sunken ship 一艘沉船
④过去分词用在表示情绪的词语中。例如：
He gave a satisfied smile. 他给了个满意的微笑
注意下列短语：
a frightened glance 惊恐的扫视
a worried look 愁容
an excited scream 激动的尖叫声
the intended effect 预期的效果
his embarrassed manner 他尴尬的举止
a puzzled/ an embarrassed expression 困惑的/尴尬的表情
但是：relaxed/relaxing environment 放松的环境
【考题链接】
1. Don't use words，expressions，or phrases _______ only to people with specific knowledge.
A. being known
B. having been known
C. to be known
D. known
2. The first textbooks ________ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
A. having written
B. to be written
C. being written
D. written
3. Mr. Smith，_______ of the _________ speech，started to read a novel.
A. tired；boring
B. tiring；bored
C. tired；bored
D. tiring；boring
4. The Olympic Games，_______ in 776 B.C.，did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing
B. to be first played
C. first played
D. to be first playing
Keys：ABAC
二）分词作表语
1)现在分词作表语表示主语的性质或特征，常可用very修饰；过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状
态。例如：
The news is very inspiring.
You shouldn?t try to stand up if you are badly hurt.
2）下列表示变成、保持、感觉等意义的动词有系动词的特征，可与某些现在分词或过去分词构成主系表结构：
Appear, become, come, feel, go, grow, go, lie, look, remain, rest, stay, sit, stand
接现在分词：
come running/hurrying in get going/chatting/moving
look tempting/promising remain standing/listening
lie dying sit waiting stand looking
接过去分词：
appear disappointed/amazed/touched
become annoyed/interested/acquainted
come untied/undone/unwrapped/unfastened/unstitched
feel troubled/distressed/puzzled/upset/exhausted
go unnoticed/unpunished/uncorrected/undetected/unrecorded
grow used/excited/frightened
look/seem startled/concerned/troubled
remain unfinished/unconvinced/unsolved
get absorbed/caught
lie wounded
stay seated/unarmed
rest assured
【考题链接】
1. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _______ as the plane was making a landing.
A. seat
B. seating
C. seated
D. to be seating
2. -I'm very ________ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious.
- Mm. It does have a ________ smell.
A. pleasant; pleased
B. pleased; pleased
C. pleasant; pleasant
D. pleased; pleasant Keys：CD
三）分词作宾语补足语
1）接现在分词作宾语补足语的有以下2类动词
第一类包括feel, hear, listen to, see, watch, look at, notice, observe等感官动词。例如：
We saw the teacher making the experiment.
Did you notice the man leaving the house?
说明：在以上感官动词后，既可用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可用不带to 的不定式构成复合宾语，
①用现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束，或是一个反复进行的动作）。例如：
I saw the girl crossing the street. 我看到那女孩在横穿马路。
I saw the young mother slapping her child.我看到那个年轻的母亲反复打她的孩子。
②用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语描述某个单一的动作，或表示动作发生了（即全过程结束了）。例如：
We saw a young mother slap her child in the supermarket.我们看到那个年轻的母亲在超市打了一下他的孩子。
I saw the girl cross the street and run away. 我看到那个女孩穿过马路跑了。
第二类包括discover, find, smell, catch, get, have, keep, leave, send, set, start等表示发现、闻到、致使的动词。例如：
I discovered Mr. Jack sitting near the fires, reading a book.
We could smell the dinner cooking in the next room.
The victory sent our spirits rising.
2）接过去分词作宾语补足语的有以下3类动词：
第一类包括see, hear, watch, find, feel, consider等表示感官和心理状态的动词。例如：
I saw them assembled in the hall.
We found her greatly changed.
I considered this problem settled.
第二类包括get, have, keep, leave, make, 等表示使役、致使的动词。例如：
I try to make myself understood.
Please keep me informed of the latest developments.
She will get the fence mended.
第三类包括declare, like, need, order, want, wish等表示要求、希望、命令的动词。例如：
He declared the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games closed.
I should like the matter (to be) settled immediately.
The commander ordered the army unit (to be) reorganized.
I don?t want any of you (to be) involved in the scandal.
Do you wish your breakfast (to be) brought to your room?
【考题链接】
1. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You have had it ______ often enough.
A. explaining
B. to explain
C. explain D explained
2. When I opened the door，I found the ground covered by fallen leaves
A. covered
B. to be covered
C. covering
D. having been covered
Keys: DA
四）分词作状语
分词或分词短语作状语，可以表示时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，方式等，例如：
Hearings the news, they all danced for joy. (时间)
Heated, water changes into steam. (时间或条件)
Being a student, I must study hard.(原因)
Filled with excitement, this is more than a novel about war at sea.(原因)
Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay. (结果)
United, we stand, divided, we fall.(条件)
Exercising every morning, you will improve your health.(条件)
Wounded, the brave soldier continued to fight.(让步)
The children run out of the room, laughing and talking merrily.(方式)
简单概括为：____________________, 主句。Not knowing his address, I made him a call.
主_________________, 句The bridge, built 10 years ago, is renovated..
主句，_____________________. The children run out of the room, laughing and talking merrily
注意1：状语从句改为分词结构
从句主语与主句主语一致，从句为主动语态，用现在分词。
As we turned the corner we saw the hospital in front of us.
Turning the corner, we saw the hospital in front of us.
It rained three days on end, so that it completely ruined our holiday.
It rained three days on end, completely ruined our holiday.
She will be unable to answer your questions because she is not qualified.
Not being qualified, she will be unable to answer your questions.
After I have seen my brother, I felt much relieved.
Having seen my brother, I felt much relieved.
Since I haven?t met him, I cannot tell you what he is like.
Not having met him, I cannot tell you what he is like.
从句主语与主句的主语一致，从句为谓语为：be + 过去分词，改为简单句用过去分词。
If the fabric is treated gently, it could last for years.
Treated gently, the fabric could last for years.
As she is exhausted by the journey, he soon felt asleep.
Exhauste d by the journey, he soon felt asleep.
If they had been given better condition, the flowers could grow better.
Given better condition, the flowers could grow better.
从句主语与主句的主语不一致，用带逻辑主语的分词短语。
As there is nothing else to do, we left.
There being nothing else to do, we left.
He rushed into the room, his face was covered with sweat.
He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.
Becaues John had run a red light, the police fined him.
John having run a red light, the police fined him.
注意2：分词与不定式作状语的区别
1. 目的状语通常用不定式，可放在句首或句末，分词通常不能用作目的状语。分词可表示伴随状况，不定式不能表示伴随状况。
2. 作结果状语时，不定式常和too…to，only… to, enough… to, so as to 等搭配，有时则表示出乎意料的结果，常表示一种自然结果，有时可由thus引起。例如：
I consider him too lazy to be a good student.
I went to his house, only to find him was out.
The boy is always telling lies, thus losing all of his friends.
He dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces.
3. 分词常用语表示方式或伴随情况的状语中，这类句子常可改写为并列句。不定式表示伴随仅用于独立结构中。例如：
He walked down the hill, singing(= and sang)softly to himself.
We divided the work, he to clear the window and I to sweep the floor.
【考题链接】
1. ____the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having give
2. 16. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city,_______ all four people on board.
A. killed
B. killing
C. kills
D. to kill
Keys: AB
【练习A】
ⅠFill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in the brackets
1．The story was so _____ that nearly everybody was _____ to tears．（move）
2．We are _____ in the novel which is very _____ ．（interest）
3．I am _____ about the result．I have never spent a more _____ day．（worry）
4．We were all _____ out when we got to the top of the hill．We never thought the climb was so
_____ ．（tire）
5．His kind words were very _____ ．Though we had lost the match，we were _____ and were determined
to train harder．（encourage）
6．There is a _____ expression on his face and I am _____ what to do．（puzzle）
7．Ten years later，Mother and daughter met again，_____ tears came into their eyes．（excite）8．Greatly _____ by his words，the boy went up to his teacher，and said “sorry”．（touch）
9．He was so _____ at seeing a tiger that he stood still．（terrify）
10．I am not _____ with either of the two pictures．（satisfy）
参考答案：1．moving；moved 2．interested；interesting 3．worried；worrying 4．tired；tiring 5．encouraging；encouraged 6．puzzled；puzzled 7．excited 8．touched 9．terrified 10．satisfied
Ⅱ True or false
1. Entering the house, a letter was found on the desk.
2. Playing in the forest, a snake suddenly bit the little in the arm.
3. Hearing the news, tears blurred her eyes.
Keys: FFF
【练习B】
Multiple choice
1.On a _______ morning the little match girl was found________ at the corner of the street.
A. freezing; freezing
B. freezing; frozen
C. frozen; frozen
D. frozen; freezing
2. Jack was a lazy boy, I often caught him_________ in class.
A. sleeping
B. slept
C. to sleep
D. sleep
3. His words left me _________ what he was driving at.
A. to wonder
B. wondering
C. wondered
D. wonder
4. Your explanation left me even more________.
A. to confuse
B. confuse
C. confused
D. confusing
5. I won?t have you _______ to your mother like that.
A. to talk
B. to talking
C. talked
D. talking
6. I won?t have my instruction ______ in this way.
A. disobey
B. disobeying
C. disobeyed
D. to disobey
7. W e can?t get the car _____. We need someone ______ us.
A. to go; to help B going; to help C. going; helping D. gone; helping
8. He sat _______ her _______ the chair.
A. to watch; to climb
B. watching; to climb
C. watching; climb
D. watching; to climbing
9. He managed to make himself ____ with his ____ English.
A. understand; breaking
B. understand; broken
C. understood; breaking
D. understood; broken
10. I will keep you _______ of how our business is going on.
A. inform
B. informing
C. to inform
D. informed
11. I …m please to see the problem _____ so quickly.
A. settled
B. having been settled
C. be settled
D. settle
12. The lady ______ an experience diamond necklace looked.
A. with; worrying
B. wore; worried
C. worn; worrying
D. wearing; worried
13. ________ very small, computers are widely used.
A. To be
B. Having been
C. For being
D. Being
14. _______ in the fog, we were forced to spend two hours in the house.
A. To lose
B. Losing
C. Lost
D. Having lost
15. She had said little so far, responding only when__________.
A. speaking
B. spoken to
C. spoken
D. speaking to
16. The idea for the new machine came to Mr. Baker_______ to his invention.
A. while he was devoted
B. while devoting
C. while devoting himself
D. while devoted
17. With exams _____-, it?s a good idea to review your class notes.
A. approaching
B. approached
C. approach
D. to be approach
18. ____, the new medicine is now in mass production.
A. With the solved problem
B. With this problem being solved
C. With the problem solved
D. With this problem to solve
19. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _____ on benches, chairs or boxes.
A. having seated
B. seating
C. having been seated
D. seated
20. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the problem ________.
A. being settled
B. to be settled
C. had settled
D. as settled
Keys: BABCD CBCDD ADDCB AACDD
【练习C】
ⅠTranslation
1. 街道上小店纵队排列
2. 他是个很有前途的学生。
3. 那个站在窗户旁边的人是我们的英语老师。
4. 我看到那女孩在横穿马路。
5. 他匆忙赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。
Keys：1. The street is lined with small shops
2. He is a promising student.
3. The man standing at the corner is our English teacher.
4. I saw her crossing the street.
5. He hurried to the station, only to find that the train had gone.
ⅡⅠMultiple choice
【真题链接北京上海分词高考真题】
北京
1._________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered
B. Suffering
C. To suffer
D. Suffered
2. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ____ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
3. ________ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait
B. Have waited
C. Having waited
D. To have waited
4. I couldn?t do my homework with all that noise________.
A. going on
B. goes on
C. went on
D. to go on
5. There have been several new events ______ to the program for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games
A. add
B. to add
C. adding
D. added
6. ________ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.
A. Being bitten
B. Bitten
C. Having bitten
D. To be bitten
7. It …s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ________ the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have had
B. Having had
C. Have
D. Having
上海
1.He sent me an e-mail, ______ to get further information.
A. hoped
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
2.________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Being founded
B. It was founded
C. Founded
D. Founding
3. The ______ boy was last seen _______ near the East Lake.
A. missing; playing
B. missing; play
C. missed; played
D. missed; to play
4. Finding her car stolen, ________.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D.she hurried to a policeman for help
5. The bell ____ the end of the period rang, _____ our heated discussion.
A. indicating; interrupting
B. indicated; interrupting
C. indicating; interrupted
D. indicated; interrupted
6. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
B. lacking of
C. lacking
D. lacking in
7. It is believed that if a book is ______, it will surely _______ the reader.
A. interested; interest
B. interesting; be interested
C. interested; be interesting
D. interesting; interest
8. ________ to the sun for too much time will do harm to one?s skin.
A. Exposed
B. Having exposed
C. Being exposed
D. After being exposed
9. Generally speaking,_______ according to the directions , the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking
B. when taken
C. when to take
D. when to be taken
10. The flowers ______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell
B. smelling
C. smelt
D. to be smelt
11. The disc, digitally _______ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. doctors came to their rescue
B. the tall building collapsed
C. an emergency measures was taken
D. warnings were given to tourist.
12. _____ put into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for the residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
A. Put
B. Putting
C. Having put
D. Being put
13. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ______ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.
A. taking
B. taken
C. having taken
D. having been taken
14. The Town Hall _____ in the 1800?s was the most distinguished building at that time.
A. to be completed
B. having been completed
C. completed
D. being completed
15. Ideally ______ for Broadway theaters and Fifth Avenue, the New York Park hotel is a favorite with many guests.
A. locating
B. being located
C. having been located
D. located
16. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city,_______ all four people on board.
A. killed
B. killing
C. kills
D. to kill
17. With the government?s aid, those ______ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
A. affect
B. affecting
C. affected
D. were affected
Keys: 北京1.ABCAD 6.BD
上海1.BCADA 6.CDCBB 11.AAACD BC
第四讲非谓语动词
第四讲非谓语动词 1. --- I t’s raining hard ou t s i d e.Y ou’d better . -----O K. A.to go out B. going out C. not to go out D. not go ou t 2. --- W h a t a bou t hiking t h i s Sunday? --- Great. I’d like w i t h y ou. A.to go ; going B. going; going C. going; to go D. go; to g o 3. --- would mind your bike? ----- N o,not at a ll.I’ll put it under the tree r i g h t a w a y. A. move B. to move C. moves D. m o v i n g 4. During the Spring Fes t i v a l,the heavy snow s t opp e d many people from back ho m e. A. go B. goes C. w e n t D. g o i n g 5. --- W h e r e’s Mr Yu , do you k no w? --- W e ll,i t’s hard to say. B u t I heard him loudly here j u s t no w. A. was reading B. reading C. had read D. to read 非谓语动词概念以及考点点拨 1.对于分词，不定式和动名词掌握不清。 2.常见的一些搭配没记住。 非谓语动词 【考点分析】非谓语动词在句子中不能单独作谓语，但可以单独作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语和状语。非谓语动词是历年各地中考必考的知识点之一，主要包括动词不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词的基本用法、句式结构和习惯搭配等。 【趋势预测】从命题内容来看，对动词不定式作主语、定语、宾语补足语，不定式与疑问词连用，不定式与动名词作宾语的区别，过去分词作定语等是今后考查的热点；从命题形式上看，以单项填空、完型填空、词形变化为主，一般占3-8分。 一、考点明细 考点一动词不定式作主语。 此时，常用i t 作形式主语，而把动词不定式放在后面，这样句子可以避免头重脚轻。 I t’s easy to get l o s t in a big c i t y like Tokyo. 在东京这样的大城市容易迷路。 I t is good to read English in the m o r n i n g.早上读英语大有好处。 考点二动词不定式作宾语。 常接动词不定式作宾语的有a ff o r d,agree, b e g i n,decide, expect, f a il,f o r g e t,happen, help, hop e, learn, plan, prepare, pretend, w a n t,start, w i s h, promise 等。 I c a n't a ff o r d to buy a d i g i t a l camera at the m o m e n t.我现在买不起数码相机。 I w a n t e d to show it to you. 我想把它给你看一看。考点三动词不定式作表语。不定式作表语表示主语的职业、职责或性质等，通常对系动词前面的名词进行诠释说明。His wish is to become a doctor. 他的愿望是成为一名医生。
翻译练习2非谓语动词(完整版)
翻译练习2 非谓语动词 1.It is necessary_____________________________________(我们赶上) the world’s advanced levels. 2.His remarks left me ___________________________________________(想知道 他的真实目的) 3._____________________________________________________(在高速公路上 抛锚), his car was carried away by the police. 4.She felt nervous with ___________________________________________________. (众多的目光聚集在她身上) 5.When I __________________________________________,(发现他骗我) I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. 6.He raised his voice in order to _________________________________________________. (为了让观众能听到) 7._______________________________________________(在市区超速) violates traffic regulations. https://www.360docs.net/doc/53313034.html,st week, Tom and his friends celebrated his twentieth birthday, _________________________________________________.(尽情地唱歌跳舞) 9.It’s no good _____________________________________________________. (试图说服他不干那件事情) 10. ____________________________________________(一切准备就绪)，they began to make a new experiment.
非谓语动词作状语的用法
分考点 1 不定式作状语 Point 1 做目的状语，意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。 To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard. 为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。 Mike had to shout to make himself heard above the sound of the music. 麦克不得不大声说话，以便能在如此大的音乐下被别人听见。 【特别注意】也可用in order to 或so as to 表示目的，但so as to 不能用于句首。 The bus stopped so as to pick up passengers. 公交车停下来以便搭载乘客。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一版公交车。 Point 2 作结果状语。常表示令人意外的结果。 Only/just to do 表示意想不到的结果 Enough to do 足够做... Too...to do 太...而不能..... So/such... as to...如此...以至于.... I went to see him last night only/ just to find him out. 我昨晚去找他。结果发现他出去了。（表示出乎意料的结果） Mary is too tired to do the job. 玛丽太累了，做不了这项工作。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学的年龄了。 Point 3 作原因状语。常用在表示情感或态度的sorry, surprised, disappointed, excited, glad,happy 等形容词后，常用结构为“主语+系动词+形容词+to do”。 Tom was very happy to see his mother. 汤姆看到她的妈妈很高兴。 I was surprised to find him here. 发现他在这里我很开心。 【特别注意】easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expensive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good 等形容词表示主语的特征或性质，后面接不定式作状语时，不定式和句子主语之间存在被动关系，但常用主语形式表示被动意义。 English is easy to learn. 英语学起来很容易。 The book is very hard to understand. 这本书很难理解。 分考点 2 分词作状语 形式意义 Doing 主动，进行 Having doing 主动，完成 Done 被动，完成；用作形容词，表状态 Being done 被动，进行，意为“正在被做”
非谓语动词翻译练习71488
用非谓语动词翻译下列句子（Spring编辑） (A) 1、我钱不够，不能买这房子。 Being short of money/Not having enough money, I can't buy the house. 2、我比你强，我会跑得比你快。 Being stronger than you,I can run faster than you. 3、发现屋里没人，他便留了一张纸条。 Finding no one in the room, he left a note. 4、经理设法用蹩脚的英语让别人明白了他的意思。 The manager managed to make himself understood with his broken English. 5、你觉得不舒服就别去游泳了。 Not feeling well, you'd better not go to swim. 6、吃太多的肉，你会变胖的。 Having too much meat, you'll get fatter. 7、我们这儿禁止抽烟。谁让你抽烟来着？ We forbid smoking here. Who has permitted you to smoke here 8、看见我穿得破烂，那售货员拿出最便宜的衣服给我。 Seeing me dressed in rags, the assistant showed me the cheapest suit. 9、浇太多的水花会死的。 Watered too much, the flower will die. { 10、我昨天挨雨淋了，感冒了。 Caught in the rain,I got a bad cold now. 11、他们说说笑笑地向我们走来。 They went to us ,talking and laughing. 12、身在异国他乡，一个人会很快改变旧习惯。 Being in a foreign country, one may soon change his old habits. 13、在那跳舞的那个女孩也很会唱歌。 The girl dancing there sings well. 14、在警察包围之下，绑架者无路可走只得放弃。 Surrounded by the police, the kidnappers had nothing to do but give up. 15、今天他病了，没来学校。 Being ill,he doesn't come to school today. (B) ￥ 1、双手在身后紧握(clasp)着，父亲在房间里来回踱了十分钟。(with) My fahter walked up and down the room for ten minutes, with his hands clasped behind him. 2、因为在又大有拥挤的超市里迷了路，可怜的Jack突然大哭起来了。 Lost in a big and crowded supermarket, poor Jack burst out crying. 3、两个战犯进入了那间废弃的屋子，后面有两个手里拿枪的士兵紧跟着。 The two prosoners of war came into the abandoned house, followed by two soldiers, gun in hand.
2020年中考英语易错易丢分专题 11 非谓语动词
丢分题详解 【2019?四川凉山州中考】—Is it necessary_________us_________some photos before saving the old man? —Yes,it is.We can protect ourselves if we do so. A.of;taking B.for;taking C.of;to take D.for;to take 【试题答案】D 【参考答案】句意：——在救那个老人之前，我们有必要拍些照片吗？——是的，它是。如果我们这样做，我们可以保护自己。It’s+adj.for/of sb.to do sth“对某人来说做某事……样”，该结构中it为形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语，故排除A、B两项；通常由of或for引出不定式动作的执行者，如果形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.；如果形容词是仅仅来描述事物的，如：difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible 用for引出动作的执行者，故选D。 丢分探因 此题如果学生分不清it is adj.for sb.to do sth.和it is adj.for sb.doing sth.，学生很容易误选B，to do表示有目的性，doing表示正在进行。此处表示在救那个老人之前，我们有必要拍些照片吗？故选D。查漏补缺 1.动词不定式的作用 句子成分用法例句 作主语谓语动词用单数形式，为避免＂头重脚轻＂常用it作形式主语。常用句型有： ①It is+adj.+for/of sb.+(not)to do sth.意为＂做某事对某 人来说是……＂。 ②It takes sb.+some time+to do sth.意为＂做某事花费某 人多长时间＂。To master a language is not easy=It is not easy to master a language.学好一门语言是不容易的。 作宾语常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：would like,want, like,hope,wish,plan，decide,learn,agree,try,remember, forget,expect,refuse,afford,prefer,continue,promise,I would like to make friends with you.我想要和你交朋友。 I find it difficult to pass my math
高三英语(人教新课标)一轮复习(课件教师用书)学通语法第十一讲非谓语动词
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第十一讲非谓语动词 ［罢?—助力语法填空］ 髙賢真题威悟］ 单句语法填空 （2015?新课标全国卷I语法填空）Abercrombie & Kent， travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 2.（2015?新课标全国卷II语法填空）The adobe dwellings （土坯 房）built （build） by the Pueblo Indians of the American
Southwest are admired by even the most modern of architects and engineers. 3.（2015*新课标全国卷II语法填空）In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to u air condition" a house without using （use） electric equipment. 4.（2015*新课标全国卷II语法填空）When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough t° sol （cool） the house during the hot day; at the same time, they warm up again for the night.
非谓语动词翻译练习
非谓语动词翻译练习： I. Complete the sentences. 1) Success means ___________________________________________(非常努力地工作). 2) John meant ____________________________________(开车去那儿，但他的车出了故障). 3) I heard him ______________________________________________(在跟他的母亲谈话). 4) I heard him ______________________________________________(跟他的母亲谈了一个小时). 5) He jumped into the pool to save the child ______________________________________ (结果却摔断了自己的腿). 6) He jumped from the burning house, __________________________________(摔断了双腿). 7) He was happy _____________________________________________________(看到父母很健康). 8) _______________________________________(看到父母安然无恙), he issued a sigh of relief. 9) ________________________(跟随着它的脚印), the zoologists spotted the hungry panda. 10) The pop, _______________________________(后面跟着两个保镖), came to meet his fans. II. Translate the Chinese into English. (请在句子划线部分使用非谓语动词或者独立主格结构) 1、我钱不够，不能买这房子。 2、我比你强，我会跑得比你快。 3、发现屋里没人，他便留了一张纸条。 4、经理设法用蹩脚的英语让别人明白了他的意思。
非谓语动词作状语全解讲解
非谓语动词作状语全解 不定式和分词作状语的用法 一、不定式作状语可以作: 1. 主要用作目的状语。常与 in order to do (为了或 so as to do(以便连用。 so as to 不用于居首。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他早起为了赶上第一班车。 He sat down to have a rest.他坐下来休息。 He went to France to learn French。他去法国学习法语。 They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。 They stopped to ask the way. 他们停下来问路。 (停下来的目的 2.作结果状语。表示出乎意料的结果。做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾,常见的不定式动词有:to find, to hear, to see, to be told, to form, to give, to make, to produce 等。 He hurried to the station only to find the train gone. 他匆匆忙忙地赶到火车站,发现火车已经开走了。 He woke up to find everybody gone. 他醒来发现大家都走了。 His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太穷,不能维持他的生活。 The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf. 这男孩个子不够高, 手伸不到书架。 He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学年龄了。 He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头砸了自己的脚。
高中英语非谓语动词的11个重要考点
高中英语非谓语动词十一个重要考点 一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别 从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成)；从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也表被动(不定式的被动式在表被动的同时还兼表未来，现在分词的被动式表被动的同时还兼表进行)。如： 1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _____ in a year. A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed 2. _____from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated 二、考查非谓语动词的主动式与被动式 结合句子意思，考察非谓语动词与相应逻辑主语的关系，若为主动关系，用主动式；若为被动关系，用被动式。此时要特别注意，过去分词没有相应的被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动。如： 1. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well_____. A. to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending 2. The prize of the game show is＄30000 and an all expenses _____ vacation to China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 3. When _____help, one often says, “Thank you.” Or “It’s kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered 三、考查非谓语动词完成式的用法 非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和现在分词)的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。做题时要注意根据题干所提供的语境来推断这种先后关系。如： 1. The storm left, _____a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused 2. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _____advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken 四、考查非谓语动词用作伴随状语 在通常情况下，表伴随情况的应用现在分词。如： 1. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, _____away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran 2. He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted 3. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _____fun. A. had B. have C. to have D. having 说明：有时过去分词也可表伴随(注意过去分词同时还表被动关系)，但高考很少考查此用法。如： He came in, followed by his wife. 他走了进来，后面跟着他的妻子。 五、考查非谓语动词用作目的状语 在通常情况下，用作目的状语只能是不定式。如： 1. “Can the project be finished as planned?” “Sure, _____it completed in time, we’ll work two more hours a day.” A. having got B. to get C. getting D. get 2. ____ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out 3. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____a look at the sports stars. A. had B. having C. to have D. have 六、考查非谓语动词用作结果状语 1.伴随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，用现在分词作结果状语。如： He fired, killing one of the passers-by. 他开枪了，打死了一个过路人。 1.Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, _____a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching 2. 出乎意料的结果，用不定式表结果状语。如： He returned home to find his wife waiting for him. 他回到家发现他的妻子在等他。 2.He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found 七、考查非谓语动词用作宾语补足语 原则上，所有的非谓语动词形式均可用作宾语补足语，其区别是：不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成和被动。如： 1. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise_____. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 2. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it _____often enough A. explaining B. to explain C. explain D. explained 八、考查非谓语动词的逻辑主语问题 按照英语习惯，非谓语动词的逻辑主语应与句子一致，否则就应调整句子结构。如： 1.While watching television, _____. A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 九、考查非谓语动词用作主语的问题 原则上说，动词用作主语，只能是不定式或动名词，不能是分词形式。这类考题命题还往往用动词原形作为干扰项进行考查，做题需引起注意。如： It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview; _____the answers ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 十、考查“(be +) 过去分词+介词”结构 有一类“be+过去分词+介词”结构，如be interested in, be worried about, be lost in, be dressed in 等，也往往是命题的热点。如： 1. _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing 2. _____ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 十一、非谓语动词的综合考查 有时命题者会将多个知识点综合起来进行考查，如在考查被动式的同时兼考完成式，在考查不定式的同时兼考分词，等等。如： 1. I don’t want _____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded 2. “Is Bob still performing?” “I’m afraid not. He is said _____ the stage already as he has become an official.” A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left
广东省中考英语练习：专题十一 非谓语动词
一、随堂测试(时间8分钟，满分20分，得分______) ()1. (2017扬州) Mom does all the housework so that Sarah can take the time ______ her words on paper. A. put B. putting C. to put D. puts ()2. (2017河南)Whenever we kids come over, Auntie Susan just stands there and watches us ______sure we don't break anything. A. make B. made C. to make D. making ()3. (2017兰州)A nurse ______ Carolyn will look after the baby when his mother ______away. A. naming; is B. naming; will be C. named; is D. named; will be ()4. (2017兰州) ______is the best way to keep a good relationship with your parents, teachers and other people around you. A. Active communicating B. Actively communicating C. Active communication D. Actively communication ()5. (2017鄂州) —Jack hasn't taken his piano lessons for a long time. —He is considering ______ his piano course and spending more time on his study. A. to drop B. to throw C. dropping D. throwing ()6. (2017南通)The couple will be away for a while and they need someone______ the baby. A. look after B. looking after C. looked after D. to look after ()7. (2017青岛) As a volunteer, the girl wants to visit sick kids in the hospital ______ them up. A. to cheer B. cheer C. cheering D. cheered ()8. (2017南充) —Mario, your mobile phone is ringing. —Wait a minute. It's dangerous for us ______it while crossing the street. A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. answered ()9. (2017达州)—Do you prefer______ basketball with me? —No, I'd rather______ at home and watch TV. A. play; stay B. to play; to stay C. play; to stay D. to play; stay
第1讲非谓语动词：不定式(todo)的用法
非谓语动词不定式 非谓语动词——不定式不定式的2种形式 不定式在句子中的成分 say is easy and is hard. 主语主语To say is easy and is hard. To see is to believe. 主语
’s +adj. for sb. to do sth. 形式主语真正主语该类形容词有： difficult/hard/important/possible/ adj. 修饰sth. j dj f b h 形式主语真正主语impossible/comfortable/necessary 等该类形容词有：adj. 修饰sb. ’s +adj. of sb. to do sth.类形容有 kind/nice/stupid/rude/clever/foolish/thoughtful/brave/considerate 等 It ’s interesting It ’s kind of you to help To see is to believe 表语 To see is to believe . 对于一个老师来说最重要的事 The most important thing for a 是公平地对待每个学生.The most important thing for a teacher is to treat every student equally. 三. 作宾语 The bird wants to find something to drink. 宾语 +不定式作宾语的动词有：三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise 两个要求未拒绝：设法学会做决定：不需假装在选择p ,,,g ,p demand, ask, fail, refuse manage, intend, learn, decide, determine 不需假装在选择： desire, pretend, choose But the bird found it hard to find water. 主语+find/think +it + adj. + to do sth. 形式宾语 真正宾语 j 宾补 exercises. 主谓关系 advise, allow, ask, wish ll h want, get, order, tell, teach
非谓语动词作状语的用法
分考点1不定式作状语 Poi nt 1做目的状语，意为“为了”，可以单独放在句首、句中或句末。 To pass the college entrance exam, we must work hard. 为了通过大学入学考试，我们必须努力学习。 Mike had to shout to make himself heard above the sound of the music. 麦克不得不大声说话，以便能在如此大的音乐下被别人听见。 【特别注意】也可用in order to或so as to表示目的，但so as to不能用于句首。 The bus stopped so as to pick up passe ngers. 公交车停下来以便搭载乘客。 He got up early in order to catch the first bus. 他早起是为了赶上第一版公交车。 Point 2作结果状语。常表示令人意外的结果。 Only/just to do 表示意想不到的结果 Enough to do 足够做... Too...to do太…而不能..... So/such... as to...如此...以至于.... I went to see him last ni ght only/ just to find him out. 我昨晚去找他。结果发现他出去了。（表示出乎意料的结果） Mary is too tired to do the job. 玛丽太累了，做不了这项工作。 He is old eno ugh to go to school. 他到上学的年龄了。 Poi nt 3作原因状语。常用在表示情感或态度的sorry, surprised, disappo in ted, excited, glad,happy等形容词后，常用结构为"主语+系动词+形容词+to do ”。 Tom was very happy to see his mother. 汤姆看到她的妈妈很高兴。 I was surprised to find him here. 发现他在这里我很开心。 【特另U注意】easy, difficult, hard, cheap, expe nsive, fit, comfortable, heavy, good 等形容词表示主语的特征或性质，后面接不定式作状语时，不定式和句子主语之间存在被动关系，但常用主语形式表示被动意义。 En glish is easy to learn.英语学起来很容易。 The book is very hard to un dersta nd. 这本书很难理解。
英语非谓语动词的11个重要考点
英语非谓语动词11个重要考点 一、考查不定式、现在分词与过去分词的基本区别 从时间关系上看，不定式表未来，现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成，同时注意不定式和现在分词的完成式也表完成(尤其是表示有明显的先后关系的完成)； 从主动与被动来看，不定式和现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，同时注意不定式和现在分词的被动式也表被动(不定式的被动式在表被动的同时还兼表未来，现在分词的被动式表被动的同时还兼表进行)。如： 1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _____ in a year. A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed 答案选 C 2. _____from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated 分析：答案选 C。 二、考查非谓语动词的主动式与被动式 结合句子意思，考察非谓语动词与相应逻辑主语的关系，若为主动关系，用主动式；若为被动关系，用被动式。此时要特别注意，过去分词没有相应的被动式，因为它本身可以表示被动。如： 1. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well_____. A. to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending 分析：答案选B 2. The prize of the game show is＄30000 and an all expenses _____ vacation to China. A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid 分析：答案选B。因all expenses与pay是被动关系，故用过去分词。注意句中的an 不是修饰 expenses，而是修饰vacation。 三、考查非谓语动词完成式的用法 非谓语动词(不定式、动名词和现在分词)的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。做题时要注意根据题干所提供的语境来推断这种先后关系。如：