with复合结构

一. with复合结构的常见形式

1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。

The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm. (那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。)

2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。

With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently. 天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。

3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。

The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。

4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。

He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。

5. “with+名词/代词+done”。在此结合中，过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。

With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production. 随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。

6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。

He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。

7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。

So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。

二. with复合结构的句法功能

1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。

With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops. 由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语）

The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语）

The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）

With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语）

2. with 复合结构可以作定语

Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。

【高考链接】

1.two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（’04北京）

A. With

B. Besides

C. As for

D. Because of

【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语，表示原因。

2. It was a pity that the great writer diedhis works unfinished. (’04福建)

A. for

B. with

C. from

D.of

【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语，表示状态。

3.production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.(00’NMET)

A. As

B.For

C. With

D.Through

【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语，表示程度。