新编英语教程 5 unit 1

5. Prowl: go about cautiously looking for a chance to get food(as wild animals do), or to steal 6. Strut: walk (about) along, in, out, into a room, etc)in stiff, satisfied way 7. Stalk: walk with slow stiff stride, esp in a proud, self-important or grim way 8. Saunter: walk a leisurely way 9. Shuffle: walk without raising the feet properly 10. Trudge: walk wearily or heavily
Look up in an English-English dictionary for the connotation of the following words: 1.creep:move along with the body close to the ground or floor; move slowly, quietly or secretly 2. Loiter:go slowly and stop frequently on the way somewhere; stand about; pass(time) 3.meander:wander here and there;(fig.)speak in an aimless way; (of a stream) follow a winding course, flowing slowly and gently 4. Plod: continue working, walking, etc. slowly and wearily but without resting
8.disprove: prove to be contrary; refute 9.expire: die, pass away; come to an end 10.indigent: poverty-stricken, penniless 11. Human: of, characterizing, or relating to man 12.humane: characterized by kindness, mercy, sympathy 13.human action: action taken by man 14.humane action: merciful action 15. Human killer: person that kills humans 16.humane killer: that which kills but causes little pain
Text II The Maker’s Eye: Revising Your own Manuscripts
1. The essay can be roughly divided into two parts.Before going into the specific concerning how to revise one’s own writing, Murray discusses the way writers should view their own writing — the way writers should look at their own products through the maker’s eye. The difference between the professional and amateur writers is: the completion of the first draft is regarded as the end of the job by an amateur writer but as the beginning by a professional.
Unit I Hit the Nail on the Head 1.drive sth home: force (the nail) into the right place; make sth unmistakably clear 2. Scrupulous: painstaking, meticulous 3. Far afield: very far away 4.rife:widespread, common 5.leader: British English for newspaper editorial 6.coercion: pressure, compulsion 7.epitomize: be typical of; serve as the typical example of
Paraphrase: 1. (ll.6-8) A writer who is particular about the exactness of expression in English will never feel happy with a word which fails to express an idea accurately. 2. (ll.15-17) To a certain extent, the process of finding the right words to use is a process of perfection where you try to search for words that may most accurately express your thoughts and feelings, and words that may effectively make your listeners and readers understand your thoughts and feelings.
3.(ll.19-20)Finding the most suitable word to use is in no sense easy. But there is nothing like the delight we shall experience when such a word is located. 4.(ll.20-21)Once we are able to use language accurately,we are in a position to fully understand our subject matter.
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2.The eight points the author thinks that writers should consider are: information, meaning, audience, form, structure, development, dimension, voice. In addition, line-by-line editing is also emphasized. Writers should study individually all the clauses, phrases, words, and even the punctuation marks in revising their writing.
Organization and development The article begins with an analogy to dramatize the importance of choosing the right word for one’s purpose and ends with an emphasis on quality rather than quantity in the mastery of words. 1.Paras2-4: the double function of the correct Choice of words. 2.paras.5-8: semantic differences between words having the same root 3.para.9: wrong choice of words caused by failure to recognize their connotations.
4.Para.10: stylistic differences between synonyms (“Prof. Raleigh…but also our reading.”) 5.para.11: the untranslatability of culturally specific words (“Above all we…safari?”) 6.Para.12: the abundance of specific words in English for general notions (“English offers a …loitering or creeping”) 7. Para.13: An emphasis on the quality rather than quantity in mastery of words
Home work: 1.Read through Text II and try to find out the following information: 1)what difference is there, according to Murray, between the professional writers and the amateur writers ? 2)Murray raises eight points, which he thinks that writers must consider when revising their drafts. What are they? And what else? 2. Prepare a presentation on any problem you feel serious and are familiar with in your living surrounding.( 5 minutes.)