高考英语复习—— with的复合结构用法及练习

with复合结构

一. with复合结构的常见形式

1.“with+名词/代词+介词短语”。

The man was walking on the street, with a book under his arm.

那人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。

2. “with+名词/代词+形容词”。

With the weather so close and stuffy, ten to one it’ll rain presently.

天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。

3. “with+名词/代词+副词”。

The square looks more beautiful than even with all the light on. 所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。

4. “with+名词/代词+名词”。

He left home, with his wife a hopeless soul. 他走了，妻子十分伤心。

5. “with+名词/代词+done”。此结构过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。

With this problem solved, neomycin 1 is now in regular production.

随着这个问题的解决，新霉素一号现在已经正式产生。

6. “with+名词/代词+-ing分词”。此结构强调名词是-ing分词的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。

He felt more uneasy with the whole class staring at him. 全班同学看着他，他感到更不自然了。

7. “with+宾语+to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语是被动关系，表示尚未发生的动作。

So in the afternoon, with nothing to do, I went on a round of the bookshops.

由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。

二. with复合结构的句法功能

1. with 复合结构，在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语。With machinery to do all the work, they will soon have got in the crops.

由于所有的工作都是由机器进行，他们将很快收完庄稼。（原因状语）

The boy always sleeps with his head on the arm. 这个孩子总是头枕着胳膊睡觉。（伴随状语）The soldier had him stand with his back to his father. 士兵要他背对着他父亲站着。（方式状语）With spring coming on, trees turn green. 春天到了，树变绿了。（时间状语）

2. with 复合结构可以作定语

Anyone with its eyes in his head can see it’s exactly like a rope. 任何一个头上长着眼睛的人都能看出它完全像一条绳子。

【高考链接】

1. ___two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.（04北京）

A. With

B. Besides

C. As for

D. Because of

【解析】A。“with+宾语+不定式”作状语，表示原因。

2. It was a pity that the great writer died, ______his works unfinished. (04福建)

A. for

B. with

C. from

D.of

【解析】B。“with+宾语+过去分词”在句中作状语，表示状态。

3._____production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year. (NMET)

A. As

B.For

C. With

D.Through

【解析】C。“with+宾语+副词”在句中作状语，表示程度。

with复合结构专项练习（一）

1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it.

A. finished

B. Finishing

C. having finished

D. was finished

2. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions ________?

A. taking

B. Take

C. taken

D. to take

3. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _______ her foot wounded so much.

A. for

B. When

C. with

D. while

4. ----Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.

----Sorry. With so much work _______ my mind, I almost break down.

A. filled

B. Filling

C. to fill

D. being filled

5. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______, he gladly accepted it.

A. finished

B. Finishing

C. having finished

D. was finished

6. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.

A. going on

B. goes on

C. went on

D. to go on

7. _______ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought h er doctor’s help to end her life.

A. Having given up hope of cure

B. With no hope for cure

C. There being hope for cure

D. In the hope of cure

8. ________ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.

A. With

B. Besides

C. As for

D. Because of

9. It was a pity that the great writer died _______ his works unfinished.

A. for

B. With

C. from

D. of

10. ______ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.

A. As

B. For

C. With

D. Through

with复合结构专项练习（二）

一：请选择最佳答案

1. With nothing_______to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.

A.leaving

B.left

C.leave

D.to leave

2. The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_______on the wall.

A.fixing

B.fixed

C.to be fixing

D.to be fixed

3. I live in the house with its door_________to the south.

A.facing

B.faces

C.faced

D.being faced

4. They pretended to be working hard all night with their lights____.

A.burn

B.burnt

C.burning

D.to burn

二：用with复合结构完成下列句子

1）___________________（有很多工作要做），I couldn't go to see the doctor.

2）She sat___________________（低着头）。

3）The day was bright____________________.（微风吹拂）

4）_________________________，（心存梦想）he went to Hollywood.

三把下列句子中的划线部分改写成with复合结构。

1）Because our lessons were over，we went to play football.

_____________________________.

2）The children came running towards us and held some flowers in their hands.

_____________________________.

3）My mother is ill，so I won't be able to go on holiday.

_____________________________.

4）An exam will be held tomorrow，so I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.

_____________________________.