最新一般功能性词汇

一般功能性词汇1. 一般功能词汇因果关系→导致，产生 give rise to, lead to, result in, be responsible for, prompt解析：give rise to, lead to, result in表示一般性的“导致、产生、造成”；be responsible for 不仅表示“为…负责”，也可以表示“产生”（being a source or cause），但多指“产生某种负面后果和不利局面”；prompt表示“激发”（To move to act; spur; incite），有“快速产生”之意。

Fast-paced modern life is responsible for the consumption of junk food.The bishop's speech has prompted an angry response from both political parties.Sharon Stone’s remarks about China’s Sichuan earthquake prompted angry responses from the Chinesepublic.→产生于 result from, originate in (from)解析：result from表示“产生于”；originate in (from)表示“发源自”例句：Youtiao originated in China.→归因于 attribute ...to, blame..on, be the culprit of解析：attribute A to B表示“将A归因于B”；blame A on B，表示“将A（负面的）归咎于B”；culprit本意表示“罪犯”(one charged with a crime or an offense)，比喻义表示“造成某种负面后果的原因”（the reason for a particular problem or difficulty）例句：Children today are getting increasingly overweight. Experts believe that excessive consumptionis the main culprit.→使某人做某事 prompt sb to do sth, motivate sb to do sth解析：prompt指“令某人做出某种具体行动的原因，强调快速激发”；motivate指“成为某人的做某事的动机”Many great businessmen are motivated not but the desire for money.→原因 cause, reason解析：cause指“造成某事客观原因”，reason指“用来解释的理由”。

Reason并不一定就是cause.跟cause有关的几种常用搭配：真实原因real cause,根本原因root cause, underlying cause主要原因major cause, primary cause可能的原因likely cause, possible causecontributory cause例句：The reason he gave for his poor academic performances is that he had recently went through a emotional meltdown. But I know that is not the real cause.Unhealthy eating habits have many other contributory causes.事物数量→几个 several, a number of, a couple of解析：several略显非正式；A number of 是正式表达。

A couple of daysAcross the street from me there are a couple of police officers standing guard→很多个可数 a large (vast) number of, numerous, a host of, a legion of , a flock of , flock to do sth 解析：A host of表示“大量的”指”事物“。

Legion本意指“军团”、flock本意表“羊群”，legion和flock都表示“大量的某一类人”。

例句：Making public transportation free might create a host of problems.Flocks of consumers are buying products that they have no real use for.→很多，大量不可数 a large deal (amount, supply, quantity) of辨析：quantity指“可以装在容器中的某物”；supply指“提供的某物”例句：a large quantity of drugs, a large quantity of food and drink, a large supply of oxygen, a large supply of food→很多可数&不可数 plenty of辨析：plenty of可修饰可数和不可数名词→充足的 sufficient, adequate辨析：指“数量”、“质量“、”效力”能够满足需求的。

例句：sufficient income, an adequate supply of food, a sufficient supply of useful information →不充足的 insufficient, inadequate→十分充足的 ample辨析：指more than enough，搭配较为局限。

例句：Ample evidence, ample opportunity, ample time重要性→重要的 basic, fundamental, essential, vital, integral, indispensable解析：essential表示“因为是本质，所以必不可少的”；integral表示“因为是构成整体的一部分，所以必不可少的”，经常出现在integral part这样的搭配中；indispensable表示“必不可少的”。

Pets are an integral part of the American way of life→重要 must, necessity, precondition, prerequisite, priority解析：must做名词，表示“必要的某物”（Something indispensable）；prerequisite表示“先决条件”（Required or necessary as a prior condition）If you live in a city, a car is a must.The seriousness of traffic jams highlights the necessity of controlling automobiles in cities.In the modern society, having a college diploma is almost a prerequisite for/to success.A sufficient TOEFL score is almost a prerequisite for applying for American colleges or universities.→使…成为必要 necessitateApplying for American colleges or universities necessitates taking TOEFL.Having music classes necessitates buying musical instruments, which can be very expensive.→紧迫 urgent, pressing, imperativeImperative表示“需要立刻关注或采取行动的”。

（Compelling immediate attention）There is an urgent need for fresh water and ample food.Pressing need/matter/problemIt is imperative to protect the endangered animals.→不重要 minor, secondary, low priority, take the second placeProtecting the environment is urgent, but it does not mean that investing in medical care takes a back seat事物的大小和程度→较大 considerable, significant, considerably, significantly→巨大 tremendous(ly), enormous(ly)→过度 excessive, excessively→极度 extreme, extremely在极端情况下In extreme circumstances, in extreme cases→合理适度 reasonable, reasonably, moderate, moderately相似性→相同的 be similar (to), alike, comparable解析：similar和comparable既可以做表语也可以作定语，alike做定语和状语。

The Chinese culture and the Korean culture are alike (similar, comparable) in many aspects.The girls are of comparable (similar) ages.Lawyers and politicians alike （只能用alike）require a strong ability to speak.→不同的 different, distinct解析：distinct表示“差异一望而知的，截然不同的。