铜绿假单胞菌感染现状及耐药分析
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(收稿日期:2012-02-24)
文章编号:1007-4287(2013)01-0199-03
铜绿假单胞菌感染现状及耐药分析
张 栩,盛传伦*
(吉林大学中日联谊医院感染科,吉林长春130033)
铜绿假单胞菌(pseudomonas aemginosa,PA)是一种致病力较低的革兰阴性杆菌,在自然界分布广泛,土壤、水、空气,正常人的皮肤、呼吸道和肠道等都有该菌存在。该菌是一种条件致病菌,只在某种特定条件下才能致病。长期应用激素、免疫抑制剂,化疗、放射治疗等导致病人免疫功能低下,可引起严重的甚至致死性的感染;手术后或某些治疗操作后(气管切开、留置导尿等)的病人也易罹患本菌感染,因此铜绿假单胞菌已成为医院内感染的重要病原菌之一。但由于铜绿假单胞菌抗药性强,近年来多重耐药铜绿假单胞菌(multi-drug resistantPseudomonas aeruginosa,MDR-PA)感染日益增多,耐药率不断增加,耐药谱广泛,为抗菌药物治疗带来极大挑战[1]。因此加强铜绿假单胞菌相关研究可以为临床合理有效地选用抗生素提供科学依据,现将铜绿假单胞菌感染的流行状况及耐药的相关进展做一综述。
1 铜绿假单胞菌感染的流行状况
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中国实验诊断学 2013年1月 第17卷 第1期