最新英语知识掌握以及运用汇总——句法分析篇(二)

英语知识掌握以及运用汇总——句法分析篇(二)

否定句练习

句型解释：否定句是相对于句子观点表达否定态度的句子。否定句主要的讨论对象是针对"not"这个否定词进行的基于整个句子的相关变换。

句法口诀：有怨抱怨，有仇报仇，有否定报合适的"not"

句型难点：当否定句与动词的时态结构混杂的时候。当否定句与实义动词结合的时候，该句型将会有一定的考查难度。

练习举例：

1．My brother has a volleyball. (改为否定句)

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2．Do your friends watch sports on TV? (做出否定回答)

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3．They like milk. (改为否定句)

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4．Are you late? (做出否定回答)

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5．We are in the same school. (改为否定句)

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解法方略：

1．Be动词一般现在时的否定句

主语+be动词的一般现在时(am,is,are)+ not +.……

肯定句：I am outgoing.否定句：I am not outgoing.缩写式：I'm not outgoing.

肯定句：It is a seed.否定句：It is not a seed.缩写式：It isn't a seed.

肯定句：You are smart.否定句：You are not smart. 缩写式：You aren't smart.

2．行为动词一般现在时的否定句

主语(除第三人称单数外)+ do not +行为动词原形

主语(第三人称)+ does not +行为动词原形

例子：I do not have dinner at school. We don't know him very well.

She does not speak Chinese. Amy doesn't like to eat eggs.

行为动词一般现在时的肯定句和否定句，请参看下列表格：

主语肯定式否定式第一人称单数I speak English

第二人称单数You speak English

第三人称单数He/She/It speaks English

所有人称复数We/You/They speak English

3．情态动词的否定句

主语+情态动词+ not +动词原形

例子：I can't do it by myself. You mustn't take rhe books out.

You must not go there alone.

4．另还有其他时态以及句式中的否定句结构。待以后学习到相关时态及句式后，在笔记区予以补充。

5．否定句结构应该注意的事项

●使用not表否定

①not表示部分否定：含有not的句子，如果使用了very，always以及不定代词all，

both，every及every的复合词等，则表示部分否定。(其余的部分否定结构与相关的不定代词有关)

例子：I don't play football very well. —————I don't play football well.

It isn't always hot here in summer. —————It isn't hot here in summer.

All of us are not students. ——————None of us are students.

②not的固定搭配表示否定

not …at all 一点也不……例：I'm not tired at all. I don't like it at all.

not …any longer not …any more再也不……例：I don't live here any longer.

I no longer live here. I can not see you any more.

●使用not以外的否定词表否定

①用no表示：no + 名词= not any…一点也不……例：There is no wind.

②never绝不(语气比not强烈) 例：I'll never forget you.

③few/little几乎没有例：He has few friends. I have little money.

④no one = nobody 没有人例：No one knows the answer.

⑤none of …没有任何人；什么都没有None of them can answer the question.

⑥nothing = not anything 什么也没有例：I have nothing to do today.

⑦否定副词：seldom 很少；hardly 几乎不例：He can hardly write his name.

●不适用否定词表示否定

too …to (太……以至于不……)是不使用否定词的否定句。

例：He is too old to work.

典型题目练习：

1.改错

①I is not a student.

②I sister likes not banana.

③They don't are my classmate.

④Tom's and Lily's brother likes the basketball very much.

⑤

⑥Alice like orange and tomato.