马克思主义论文：马克思主义国家观黑格尔西方自由主义

马克思主义论文：马克思主义国家观黑格尔西方自由主义

【中文摘要】国家观是关于国家的根本观点和根本看法,其主要包括国家的起源、本质、职能、形态、消亡等一般性内容,以及人与国家的关系、社会与国家的关系、不同国家观之间的比较等扩展性内容。马克思主义国家观是马克思主义学说的重要组成部分。马克思主义经典作家在批判前人研究成果的基础上,创立了属于自己的、特色鲜明的、系统且完善的国家观学说。本人所称的马克思主义是在狭义上而言的马克思主义,因此马克思主义国家观指的是马克思和恩格斯两人在有关国家思想上的根本观点和根本看法。正文共分四个部分。第一部分：马克思主义国家观的历史演进。以历史为依据,从纵的线索上,以马克思不同历史时期的思想发展为背景,以马克思主义经典著作为载体,理清马克思主义国家观从萌芽、形成、发展到最后完善时期的整个演进脉络。第二部分：马克思主义国家观的横向结构。从横的方向上,通过对马克思主义经典文本的分析,论述马克思主义关于国家的起源、本质、职能、形态、消亡以及国家与人的发展等国家观的基本内容。第三部分：马克思主义国家观与黑格尔的国家观。马克思主义国家观与黑格尔的国家观存在着思想渊源关系,但通过对黑格尔国家观的批判,马克思主义国家观显现了与黑格尔国家观本质的不同。第四部分：马克思主义国家观与西方自由主义国家观。古典自由主义、新自由主义和新古典自由主义在国家(政府)上的看法存有差异。所处时代虽前后相延,但因其服务的阶级对象不同,在国家观的诸

方面也同马克思主义国家观存在诸多不同。

【英文摘要】The view of a country concerns the basic views and ideas of one country, mainly including the general contents such as its origin, nature, function, form, extinction, the relations between man and country, society and country, as well as the contrast between different views of a country. Marx’s view of a country is an important part of Marxism. Based on criticizing the previous researches, the classic writers of Marxism established their own special, systematic and sound view of a country. The Marxism referred in this paper is the Marxism in the narrow sense. Therefore, the Marxist Concepts on the State refer to the basic assessment and the fundamental view of both Marx and Engels on their state.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part deals with the vertical development of Marx’s view of a country. Based on the history and under the background of Marx’s thoughts development in different periods, this part will try to clear the whole developing process including its beginning, forming, developing and completing stages of Marx’s view of a country through studying Marx’s classics.The second part reveals the horizontal structure of Marx’s view of a country. Horizontally, this part will discuss the basic contents including the origin,

nature, function, form, extinction and the development of both man and country by analyzing classics of Marxism.The third part unlocks Marx’s and Hegel’s view of a country. They are interrelated in terms of the thoughts, but by criticizing Hegel’s view of a country, Marx’s view of a country is different.The final part concerns Marx’s and the western liberalism’s view of a country. Classical liberalism, neoliberalism and new classical liberalism have different views on the country or the government. Though they existed in order of the history, as they serve different classes, they were different from Marx’s view of a country.

【关键词】马克思主义国家观黑格尔西方自由主义

【英文关键词】Marxism the view of a country Hegel the western liberalism ancient China 【目录】马克思主义国家观研究内容摘要

4-5Abstract5引言7-9一、马克思主义国家观的历史演进9-18(一) 马克思主义国家观的萌芽时期9-12(二) 马克思主义国家观的形成时期12-15(三) 马克思主义国家观的发展时期15-16(四) 马克思主义的国家观的完善时期16-18二、马克思主义国家观的横向结构18-31(一) 国家起源观18-20(二) 国家本质观20-22(三) 国家职能观22-24(四) 国家形态观

24-26(五) 国家消亡观26-28(六) 国家与人的发展