动词不定式用宾补
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动词不定式作宾语补足语ABC
A.带to的不定式作宾补
a.可以用带to的不定式作宾补的动词常用的有ask,tell,order,invite,beg,get,allow,wish,want,encourage,advise,warn等。例如:
The teacher asked us to finish our homework.老师叫我们完成家庭作业。
She wanted him to sing for her friends.她想让他为她的朋友唱歌。
The policeman told the boys not to play in the street.警察告诉孩子们别在街上玩耍。
b.在动词think,believe,know,find,understand,take等之后,作宾补的不定式多由“to be +adj.”构成。例如:
They find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.他们发现中国人都很幸福快乐。
He believed the earth to be a globe.他相信大地是个球体。
c.在某些短语后也可跟带to的不定式作宾补。这类动词短语常见的有:wait for,call on,depend on,care for,long for等。例如:
The crocodile waited for the monkey to come down again.鳄鱼等着猴子再下来。
The chairman called on Mr Brown to speak.主席请布朗先生讲话。
I shouldn't care for that man to be my doctor.我不要那人给我看病。
B.不带to的不定式作宾补
动词不定式在使役动词(make,let,have)或感官动词(feel,listen to,hear,look at,see,watch,notice)之后作宾补时不定式需省去to。为了便于记忆,我们可以这样记“一感”(feel)、“二听”(listen,hear)、“三让”(let,make,have)、“四看”(look at,see,watch,notice)。例如:
Ifeltsomeone open my door.我感觉有人开了我的门。
Please listen to me sing the songagain.请听我把这首歌再唱一遍。
You can't letthe boy stand in the sun.你不能让那孩子站在太阳底下。
You must watch me carefully do everything.你必须仔细观察我所做的一切。
注意:感官动词后既可跟省略to的不定式作宾补,也可跟现在分词作宾补。其区别是:前者强调动作的全过程或经常性;后者则强调动作在进行(片断)。试比较:
I heard her sing.我听见她唱了歌。
I heard her singing.我听见她在唱歌。
C.带to或不带to的不定式作宾补
在动词help后可以跟带to的不定式作宾补,也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾补。例如:
He often helps me(to)clean the room.他经常帮助我打扫房间。
We helped him(to)mend his bike.我们帮他补自行车胎。
[巩固训练]做做下面中考题检测一下吧。
1.I told Bob ____ the TV since it was too late.
A.turn off B.turns off C.turning off D.to turn off(2001陕西)
2.My parents asked me ____ home earlier yesterday.
A.get B.getting C.to get D.got(2000北京朝阳区)
3.The greedy inn-keeper once made the poor hero ____ twice a day.
A.dance B.dances C.danced D.to dance(2001上海)
4.—Is Wei Fang good at singing?
—Yes,she is.We often hear ____ her in the next room.
A.to sing B.sings C.sing D.singing(2001苏州)
(Keys:1—4 DCAC)