400m3球罐制造工艺设计毕业设计

400m3球罐制造工艺设计毕业设计

目录

引言 (3)

1 400m3球罐概况 (5)

1.1主要技术参数 (5)

1.2 结构形式 (5)

1.3 球壳板材料 (5)

1.4 焊接方法与焊接材料 (6)

1.5 遵守的规和标准 (6)

2 400m3球罐生产工艺流程 (7)

3 球壳板的备料工艺 (8)

3.1 备料 (8)

3.2 材料复验、入库 (8)

3.3 钢材的预处理 (9)

4 球壳板的成形工艺 (11)

4.1 球壳板的排板 (11)

4.2 样板的制作 (12)

4.3 一次号料 (12)

4.4 一次下料 (13)

4.5 球壳板的压形 (13)

4.6 二次号料 (14)

4.7 二次下料 (14)

4.8 球壳板的检查 (15)

4.9 球壳板的修形 (16)

4.10 半成品及成品的中间检验 (16)

5 球罐的组装工艺 (17)

5.1 零部件的组焊 (17)

5.2 整球组装 (20)

6 球罐的焊接工艺 (28)

6.1 施焊环境 (28)

6.2 焊工资格 (28)

6.3 焊前准备 (28)

6.4 焊接工艺 (30)

6.5 焊缝外观质量检查要求 (43)

6.6 焊后修补 (44)

7 球罐成品质检与验收 (45)

7.1 无损检测 (45)

7.2 焊后整体热处理 (45)

7.3 水压试验和气密性试验 (47)

7.4 去锈、涂装 (48)

7.5 球罐成品验收 (49)

结论 (50)

致谢 (51)

参考文献 (52)

本次设计中的400m3球罐用于贮存氧气，其球壳板的材质为16MnR，本文对其母材的焊接性做了简要的分析，并在此基础上选择了球罐焊前的预热温度，以及焊接方法和焊接材料。预热温度为120～140℃，焊接方法为焊条电弧焊，焊条为E5015。

根据工厂的生产经验和相关标准编制了400m3球罐的生产工艺流程。在整个生产过程中，球壳板的压制成形、球罐的组装与球罐的焊接属于生产中的重点与难点，在本文中都进行了详细的分析和论述。

球壳板成形采取局部成形的方法。球罐组装分为零部件组装和整体组装两部分，整体组装采用整球组装的方法，须在现场进行。本文根据球罐上每条焊缝的不同特点，制定了了各条焊缝的具体焊接方法，并选择了焊接工艺参数。

球罐组装、焊接之后，需要进行焊后处理，包括无损检测，焊后热处理，以及耐压试验等，本文也都进行了简要的分析和说明，并介绍了相应的处理方法和注意事项。

关键词：

球罐；成形；组装；焊接

The design of the 400m3spherical container used for store oxygen, its spherical shell plate material is 16MnR. In this paper, the weldability of the base metal was analysed briefly, and on this foundation, the preheat temperature before the spherical container for welding, the welding process, and the welding material were selected. The preheat temperature is 120～140℃, the welding process is the shield metal arc welding, the covered electrodes are E5015.

The produce technologic course of the 400m3 spherical container was compiled according to the experience of the manufacturing plant and related standards. In the entire production process, the press of forming spherical shell plate, the installation and welding of spherical container belong to important and difficult in the production. In this paper, they were carried out a detailed analysis and exposition.

The methods of forming the spherical shell plate was part forming. The installation of the spherical container was divided two parts, they are the parts installation and the whole installation, the whole installation use of the entire of the ball installation method, and it should be conducted at the scene. According to the different character of each weld on the spherical container, in this paper, the concrete welding process of every weld was complied, and the welding procedure parameters were chose.

After the installation and welding of the spherical container, there need to conduct process when the welding finished, which include non-destructive testing, postweld heat treatment, and the pressure test, and so on. In the paper, they were conducted a brief analysis and exposition, and were introduced the corresponding resolve methods and attention matters.

Keywords:

spherical container; forming; installation; welding