论语1-16 第6章不要,PPT内共15章
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【译文】孔子说:君子不庄重,就没有威严,学过的知识 也不会巩固。立德要以忠信为主,不同与自己不同道的人 交朋友。有了过错,不要怕去改正。
《学而篇》(四) 子曰:“君子食无求饱,居无求安,敏于事而慎于言,就 有道而正焉,可谓好学也已。” The Master said, "The honorable man seeks neither 源自文库 full belly nor a comfortable house. He works with diligence and efficiency but is cautious in words. He corrects his own mistakes by learning from those possessed of the Way. He can thus be regarded as studious." 【译文】孔子说:“君子,饮食不要求饱足,居住不要求 舒适,做事勤劳敏捷,说话却谨慎,接近有道德的人来匡 正自己,这就可以说是好学了。”
【译文】子游问孝道。孔子说:“今天的所谓孝,是讲能 养活父母。其实狗马都能得到饲养;如果对父母只是养活 而没有孝敬之心,又和饲养狗马有什么区别呢?”
《为政篇》(二) 子曰:“吾与回言终日,不违,如愚。退而省其私,亦足 以发,回也不愚。” The Master said, "Yan Hui never disagrees with me even when we spend the whole day talking together. It would seem as though he were slow-witted. But later I find that when he is on his own, he is quite creative. Hui is actually not slow-witted at all."
【译文】孔子说:少年弟子,在家要孝顺父母,在外要敬 爱师长,言行谨慎诚信,博爱大众,亲近有仁德的人,做 好这些还有余力,则可再更深研读文化知识。
《学而篇》(三) 子曰:君子不重, 则不威; 学则不固。主忠信。无友不如 己者。过,则勿惮改。 The Master said, "An honorable man would not command respect if he lacked gravity, and even if he studied hard, his learning would not have a firm foundation. He pays great attention to loyalty and faithfulness and does not accept friends whose moral quality is inferior to his own. When he makes a mistake, he is not afraid of correcting himself."
【译文】孔子说:“只是学习而不思考就会迷惑而无所得, 只是思考而不学习,那就会精神疲倦而无所得。”
《为政篇》(二) 子曰: “由,诲汝知之乎!知之为知之,不知为不知, 是知也。 ” The Master said, “Zi You, shall I tell you what true knowledge is? Say you know when you know, and say you don’t know when you don’t. That is true knowledge.” 【译文】孔子说:“仲由!我教你应该怎样对待‘知’与 ‘不知’吧!知道就是知道,不知道就是不知道,这就是 真正的‘知道’。”
《为政篇》(二) 子曰:“吾十有五而志于学,三十而立,四十而不惑,五 十而知天命,六十而耳顺(1),七十而从心所欲不逾 矩。” (1)耳顺:对此有多种解释。一般而言,指对那些于己 不利的意见也能正确对待。 【译文】孔子说:“我十五岁立志于学习;三十岁能够自 立;四十岁能不被外界事物所迷惑;五十岁懂得了天命; 六十岁能正确对待各种言论,不觉得不顺;七十岁能随心 所欲而不越出规矩。”
《学而篇》(五) 子曰:“不患人之不己知,患不知人也。”
The Master said, "Do not worry about not being appreciated by others, but rather about your not being able to appreciate them."
【译文】孔子说,考察一个人所做的事,观察他所采取的 方式方法,了解他心里安于什么不安于什么。那么,他怎 能隐藏得住?怎能隐藏得住?
《为政篇》(二)
子曰:君子不器
The Master said, "An honorable man should not be like a utensil which can only serve one specific purpose."
《为政篇》(二) 子曰:“为政以德,譬如北辰,居其所而众星共之。”
【译文】孔子说:“(周君)以道德教化来治理政事,就 会像北极星那样,自己居于一定的方位,而群星都会环绕 在它的周围。” 点评: 这段话代表了孔子的“为政以德”的思想,意思是说, 统治者如果实行德治,群臣百姓就会自动围绕着你转。这 是强调道德对政治生活的决定作用,主张以道德教化为治 国的原则。这是孔子学说中较有价值的部分,表明儒家治 国的基本原则是德治,而非严刑峻法。
【译文】孔子说:君子不是器皿,不是机械,不是机器人。 孔子这样讲是什么意思呢?让我们来看看器皿,每一种器 皿都会有一种用途,有它存在的价值,即使以后器有所发 展,也是只能用做特定的用途。这句的实际意思是,君子 应当博学多才,不能只有一种才能,局限于某一种专门的 学问。
《为政篇》(二) 子贡问君子。子曰:“先行其言而后从之。” Zi Gong asked about the honorable man. The Master answered, "He always puts his ideas into action before expressing them in words."
孔子教导我们言行要谨慎,不要夸大自己的知识本领,要有诚 实的态度,谦虚的态度,不要不懂装懂。
《为政篇》(二)
子曰:“君子周而不比,小人比(1)而不周。” (1)比:音bì ,勾结。 【译文】孔子说:“君子合群而不与人勾结,小人与人勾 结而不合群。 点评: 孔子在这一章中提出君子与小人的区别点之一,就是 小人结党营私,与人相勾结,不能与大多数人融洽相处; 而君子则不同,他胸怀广阔,与众人和谐相处,从不与人 相勾结,这种思想在今天仍不失其积极意义。
【译文】孔子说,我整天对颜回讲学,他从不反驳,好象 很愚笨的样子;但他回去后自己研究思考,却总能够引申 贯通。可见颜回并不傻。
《为政篇》(二) 子曰:视其所以,观其所由,察其所安,人焉廋哉?人焉 廋(sou)哉? The Master said, "Observe a person's behavior, find out what leads him to behave the way he does and see whtat he rests content with. If one does that, how can that person still manage to hide his true character? How, indeed?"
【译文】孔子说,学习并且经常去实践学过的东西,不是 很高兴的吗?有朋友远道而来,不是很快乐的吗?别人不 了解自己,自己不烦恼怨恨,不才是君子吗?
《学而篇》(二)
子曰:弟子,入则孝,出则悌,谨而信,泛爱众,而亲仁。 行有余力,则以学文。 The Master said, "At home, a young man should be filial to his parents; away from home, he should be respectful to his elders, be prudent and trustworthy. He should love his fellowmen and befriend the humane. If he still has energy to spare, let him devote himself to the study of culture.
【译文】子贡向孔子请问君子之道。孔子说:先去实践自 己想要说的话,等到真的做到了以后才把它说出来。
《为政篇》(二) 子曰:‘学而不思则罔,思而不学则殆。
The Master said, “Learning without reflecting will end up bewildered while reflecting without learning will end up in peril."
【译文】孔子说:“不担心别人不了解自己,只担心自己 不了解别人。”
《为政篇》(二)
子游问孝,子曰:“今之孝者,是谓能养。至于犬马,皆 能有养,不敬何以别乎?” Zi You asked about filial piety. The Master answered, "Nowadays, one is praised as a filial son because he is able to provide for his parents. However, even dogs and horses can be provided for. Where is the difference, then, if the son does not treat his parents with reverence?"
《学而篇》(一)
yuè
子曰: 学而时习之,不亦说乎?有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?人不 知而不愠,不亦君子乎?
yù n
The Master said, "Is it not a great pleasure to study and be able to practice what you have learned when the time is opportune? Is it not a real delight to have friends come to visit you from afar? Is it not the mark of an honorable man to be able not to take offence when others fail to appreciate your worth?"