不同产地野生与栽培掌叶大黄中蒽醌类成分含量的比较

不同产地野生与栽培掌叶大黄中蔥醌类

成分含量的比较

（作者： ________ 单位：____________ 邮编：___________ ）

【摘要】目的比较野生与栽培掌叶大黄中蒽醌类成分

含量的差异。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定不同产地野生与栽培掌叶大黄中蒽醌类成分的含量，利用聚类分析对测定结果进行分类，通过相关分析研究海拔对掌叶大黄蒽醌类成分含量的影响。结果野生掌叶

大黄中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的含量范

围分别为0.29% 〜0.67% , 0.47% 〜1.33% , 0.25% 〜0.87% , 0.55% 〜

1.00% , 0.06%〜0.48% ;栽培掌叶大黄中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚的含量范围分别为0%〜0.07% , 0%〜0.06% , 0%〜0.15% , 0%〜0.34% , 0%〜0.08%。聚类分析将野生掌叶大黄与栽培掌叶大黄明显地划为两类。相关分析结果表明，海拔

高度对掌叶大黄蒽醌类成分含量有显著影响。结论野生掌叶大黄中蒽

醌类成分的含量普遍高于栽培掌叶大黄。掌叶大黄中蒽醌类成分含量

随海拔升高而升高。

【关键词】掌叶大黄；栽培品和野生品；蒽醌；高效液相色谱Abstract : ObjectiveTo do some comparative study on the contents of anthraquinones between the cultivated and wild samples of Rheum Palmatum. MethodsA reversed-phase HPLC method was established for the determ in ati on of contents of aloe-emodin , rhein , emodin , chrysophanol and physcion in cultivated and wild Rheum Palmatum from different regions. The classification was carried out by using the Hierarchical clustering an alysis. The correlati on an alysis was used to study the effect of altitude on the contents of anthraquinones. ResultsThe content range of aloe-emodi n , rhe in , emod in , chrysopha nol and physci on in wild Rheum Palmatum were 0.29 %~ 0.67 %, 0.47 %~ 1.33 %,

0.25%~0.87%, 0.55 %~ 1.00 %, 0.06 %~0.48%, respectively. The content range of aloe-emodi n , rhe in , emod in , chrysopha nol and physcion in cultivated Rheum Palmatum were 0 ~0.07 %, 0~ 0.06%, 0~0.15%,

0~0.34%, 0~0.08%, respectively. According to the result of classification , all samples collected were divided into two grades the cultivated and the wild. The result of correlati on an alysis showed that the altitude had sig nifica nt in flue nee on the contents of an thraq uinones in Rheum Palmatum. Con clusi on The contents of aloe-emod in , rhe in , emod

in , chrysopha nol and physcion in the wild Rheum Palmatum are higher than those in the cultivated Rheum Palmatum. with the in crease of

altitude , the contents of an thraq uinones show the tendency of in crease.

Key words : Rheum palmatum L. ; Cultivated and wild samples; An thraq uinon es; HPLC

掌叶大黄Rheum palmatum L .为蓼科大黄属多年生草本

植物，以干燥根及根茎入药，是药典中大黄药材的主要来源之一，主要分布在甘肃、四川、青海、宁夏、西藏、陕西等地。大黄味苦，性寒，具有泻热通肠、凉血解毒、逐瘀通经的功效，其有效成分为蒽醌类化合物。由于大黄需求量很大，野生资源日渐减少，现已有多处进行人工栽培。本文参照《中国药典》（2005年版I部）［1］所载HPLC 法测定了栽培和野生掌叶大黄药材中芦荟大黄素、大黄酸、大黄素、大黄酚、大黄素甲醚5种蒽醌类成分的含量，并进行了比较研究，为开发利用掌叶大黄资源，确保人工栽培掌叶大黄的品质提供科学依据。

1仪器与试药

Waters 2695 高效液相色谱仪，Waters 2996 二极管阵列检测器。甲醇为色谱纯，美国Fisher公司；水为娃哈哈纯净水；其余试剂均为分析纯。芦荟大黄素（批号110795-200605 ）、大黄酸（批号110757-200206 ）、大黄素（批号110756-200110 ）、大黄酚（批号110796-200615、和大黄素甲醚（批号110758-200610、对照品