全国高等教育自学考试英语(二)辅导讲义

全国高等教育自学考试英语（二）
要紧内容
•试卷分析和最新出题思路
•重点语法
•备考要诀及学习方法
最新英语〔二〕试卷主观题统计数据
考题总分值平均分
•单词拼写10 2.48
•词形填空10 2.17
•汉译英15 5.53
•英译汉15 10.75
•总分50 20.93
最新出题思路
〔1〕与课文的关系
往年与课文有关的大题：第【一】第【四】第五和第六大题
近年与课文有关的大题：第四和第六大题
建议：熟读课文，掌握课文中的大纲词汇，特别留意课文中表达重点语法和经典句型的句子。

(2)与课文无关的大题：第【二】第【三】第七大题。

文章选材：要紧涉及社会文化、风俗适应、教育、历史、和生活常识等内容。

建议：广泛阅读此类题材的文章，最好是中英文对比版本。

推举杂志：《英语沙龙》，《大学英语》，《英语学习》。

每道题的考点：
第一题：词汇语法题
要紧考点：定语从句、名词性从句的引导词；状语从句的连接词；词汇辨析；固定搭配；常用句型。

近年来词汇题比重增加。

建议：通过学习教材上下册，熟练掌握差不多语法，背熟大纲词汇，加强同义词、近义词、和形似词的比较，牢记固定搭配。

历年试题举例：
1.Attheendof1994theBritishgovernmentintroducednewmeasurestohelp____domesticwork ersfromabusebytheiremployers.
[A]protect [B]suspect [C]expect [D]inspectＡ
2.I’mwonderingwhyhehasn’tturned___atthemeeting.
[A]down [B]up [C]out [D]overＢ
3.Byusingbothearsonecantellthedirection___asound
comes.
[A]inwhich [B]fromwhich[C]overwhich[D]withwhichＢ
第二题：完型填空题
要紧考点：除了第一大题已提到的考点外，还注重考察介词、连词、副词、代词等
虚词的用法。

近年来词汇题比例有所增加。

建议：“上看下看，左看右看”，即充分利用上下文提供的信息答题。

历年试题举例：
…Colterwasexcited,sohetold17abouttheplace.18,theotherpeopledidnotbelievehim.
17.[A]theother [B]others Ｂ
[C]another [D]eachother
18. [A]Then [B]HoweverＢ
[C]Therefore [D]Consequently
第三题：阅读理解题
要紧特点：文章体裁多为论述文，偶有记叙文，要紧涉及文化、教育、风俗、历史、人物故事、社会问题、科普常识等内容，不涉及太专业的内容。

文章平均长度为300-350词/篇，总阅读量为1500-2000词。

问题以细节题为主，其次是总结题，间或有一两道词汇题和推理题。

题目的顺序和文章的顺序大体对应。

第四题：单词拼写题
往年考题：多项选择用考纲词表中的常用词，包括中学词汇，平均词长为6个字母。

最新特点：最近一次考题中单词拼写几乎全部出自下册课文，以A课文为主,单词长度显著增加，平均词长为9个字母，有5个单词词长超过10个字母，出现了两个超纲词，无一中学词汇。

最新考题举例
36.accompany(1A) 37.boundary(2A)
38.capture(14A) 39.decline(10A)
40.employee(4A) 41.feasible(8A)
42.heartbreaking(14A) 43.grateful
44.increasingly(6A) 45.junction(15A)
46.loyalty(10A) 47.moderate(8B)
48.overwhelming(10A) 49.nominate(10B)
50.participant(5A) 51.persistently(14A)
52.queue(14A) 53.spontaneous(5A)
54.reinforce(12B) 55.undertake(13A)
第五题：词形填空题
要紧考点：谓语动词〔时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致〕，非谓语动词〔动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词、动名词〕，形容词比较级，词性转换。

建议：掌握扎实的语法知识，通过大量做题来消化这些语法知识，力求做到举一反三，触类旁通。

历年试题举例
1.Cancerresearch___(make)allovertheworldinthepasttwentyyears.(hasbeenmade)
2.Themorestressyouareunder,the___(likely)youaretocatchacold.(morelikely)
3.Itseemsreasonabletoassumethat,otherthings___(be)equal,theywouldprefersingletoshared
rooms.(being)
4.Theseelectricappliancesareallsimilarinconstructionbuteachoneis____(specialize)initsfun
ction.(special)
第六题：汉译英
要紧考点：全面考察词汇、语法和句型的运用能力，多考虚拟语气、比较级、疑问
句、强调句和一些固定表达方式。

最新考题中有三道题直截了当出自下册课文。

阅卷要求：要紧语法错误〔如动词时态、语态、虚拟语气、主谓一致、否定、疑问以及其他句型错误〕或重要用词错误扣1分；非差不多语法错误〔如介词、代词、冠词、大写、标点等错误〕每两处扣1分；拼写错误每两处扣1分，本大题总扣分不超过3分。

最新试题举例
68、一个具有文学艺术观赏力的人能胜任这项工作。

选自下册第9单元A课文后WordStudy中appreciation的一个例句。

要紧考查定语从句和bequalifiedfor的用法。

69、随着研究技术变得更加先进，用于实验的动物数量将会大大减少。

选自下册第11单元A课文最后一段的第一句话。

要紧考查as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”。

70、那位生物学家相信某些动物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。

依照下册第14单元A课文后的翻译练习中的第6题有所改动。

原话为“他相信某些植物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。

”
第七题：英译汉
要紧特点：综合考查词汇和语法，注意定语从句、状语从句、比较级、倒装句的理解。

阅卷要求：依照总体印象打分，分为15-13分，12-10分，9-7分，6-4分，3-1分五个档次。

只要译文大体准确通顺即可得分，不要求译得特别漂亮。

结语
知己知彼，百战不殆！
II.重点语法复习
⏹动词时态和语态
⏹非谓语动词
⏹虚拟语气
⏹定语从句和名词性从句
1.动词要紧时态和语态表
一般现在时一般过去时一般今后时
主动:do did willdo
被动:aredone weredone willbedone
现在进行时过去进行时今后进行时
主动:aredoing weredoing willbedoing
被动:arebeingdone werebeingdone
现在完成时过去完成时今后完成时
主动:havedone haddone willhavedone
被动:havebeendone hadbeendone
现在完成进行时
主动:havebeendoing
动词要紧时态的意义及运用
•现在完成时，过去完成时和今后完成时
英语提示语：
uptonow,sofar,forthreeyears,since1995,overpasttenyears,bytheendofthisweek,bytheyea rof1995
汉语提示语：差不多，早已，了
e.g.Wehaven’tmeteachothersincelastyear.
Bytheendofthisweek,we’llhavefinishedthetask.
•现在完成进行时
从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。

汉语提示语：一直
e.g.Thewaterhasbeenrunningthewholenight.
过去完成时
⏹said,reported,thought
⏹等引导的间接引语中。

e.g.Hemissedthetrain.Hesaidhehadmissedthetrain.
2) hardly…when,nosooner…than
e.g.Nosoonerhadhegotupthanhereceivedthecall.
3) 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的条件状语从句中
e.gIfIhadtriedharder,Iwouldhavewon.
IwishIhaddonebetterintheexam.
历年考题中的动词时态和语态
1.Sofar,Irving___(live)inNewYorkCityfortenyears.(hasbeenlived)
2.Thepatient___(send)toanotherhospitalbeforewegotthere.(hadbeensent)
3.Thesecondhalfofthenineteenthcentury___(witness)thefirstextendedtranslationintoEnglis hofthewritingsofEliphasLevi.(witnessed)
2.非谓语动词
动词要紧时态和语态一览表
非谓语动词形式意义
现在分词
一般式doing 主动,正在进行
被动式beingdone 被动,正在进行
完成主动式havingdone 主动,差不多完成
完成被动式havingbeendone 被动,差不多完成
过去分词done 被动,差不多完成
动词不定式
一般式todo 主动,将要进行
被动式tobedone 被动,将要进行
完成主动式tohavedone 主动,差不多完成
进行主动式tobedoing 主动,正在进行
非谓语动词作状语
•动词不定式：1〕目的状语；2〕结果状语
e.g.Icameheretomeetyou.〔目的〕
Hehurriedtotherailstationonlytomissthetrain.〔结果〕
•分词：1)伴随状语；2〕缘故状语；3〕条件状语4〕让步状语；5〕时间状语
e.g.Walkingalongthestreet,hemethisoldfriend.〔时间〕
Beingverytired,myfatherdidn’tgooutwithus.〔缘故〕
Madebyhand,thesilkshirtisveryexpensive.〔缘故〕
Seenfromthespace,theearthlookslikeablueball.(条件〕
非谓语动词，状语从句和独立结构
⏹Havingdonetheirhomework,thechildrenbegantoplay.(分词作状语)
⏹Afterhavingdonetheirhomework,thechildrenbegantoplay.〔连词+分词〕
⏹Aftertheyhaddonetheirhomework,thechildrenbegantoplay.〔状语从句〕
⏹Withhomeworkdone,thechildrenbegantoplay.〔独立结构〕
非谓语动词作定语
⏹Ifthereisnochoice,thereisnodecision___(make).(tobemade)
⏹Doyouknowtheman____(stand)infrontofthehouse?(standing)
⏹Thequestion____(discuss)atthemomentisveryimportant.(beingdiscussed)
⏹Thebridge____(build)inthe1950sisstillingoodcondition.(built)
动名词和动词不定式
•作主语和表语
动名词作主语/表语表示一般、抽象的情况；动词不定时作主语表示具体某次的情况。

e.g Risingearlyisgoodforhealth.
Toriseearlytomorrowisdifficultforme.
Itisdifficultformetoriseearlytomorrow.
Mybiggestwishistogoabroad.
Seeingisbelieving.
•作宾语
接动名词作宾语的动词：
admit,acknowledge,avoid,deny,consider,enjoy,escape,
excuse,forgive,finish,suggest,mind,include,involve,delay,
putoff,postpone,feellike,lookforwardto,beusedto,be
accustomedto,etc.
接动词不定式作宾语的动词：
want,tend,intend,pretend,hope,plan,expect,besupposedto,
seem,belikelyto,usedto,bewillingto,desire,force,prefer,start,begin
接动名词和动词不定式有不同含义的动词：
⏹forget,remember,regret
⏹stop,continue
⏹need/want
⏹allowdoing/allowsbtodo
1)HowcanIforgetmeetingyouforthefirsttime?
Sorry,Iforgottolockthedoor.
2)Ican’tstoplaughing.Canyoustoptogivemeahand?
3)Thegrassneedscutting.Thegrassneedstobecut.
4)Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.Youarenotallowedtosmok ehere.
历年考题中的非谓语动词
1.Amancannotbereallyhappyifwhatheenjoys___(do)isignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorim
portance.(doing)
2.Anyone___(want)tounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillhavetoknowaboutrobotics.(
wanting)
3.Itisawell-knownfactthatapersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyes___(contro
l)hisdirection.(tocontrol)
4.Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvanced,thenumberofanimals___(use)inexperime
ntsmaydecrease.(used)
5.Alife___(live)withoutfantasyanddaydreamingisareallypoorlifeindeed.(lived)
6.Thispoem,if___(translate)wordforwordintoChinese,willmakenosense.(translated)
7.Theymayhavetheirpassports_____(remove),makingleavingor“escaping”actuallyimpossi
ble.(removed)
8.Herbody,withhandsandfeet____(bind),wasdiscoveredbyatravelerearlyinthemorning.(bo
und)
3.虚拟语气
第一大类：非真实条件下的虚拟语气
时间从句主句
与现在事实相反did/were should/could/would+do
与过去事实相反haddone should/could/would+havedone
与今后事实相反weretodo should/could/would+doshoulddo
第二大类：从句中用过去时或过去完成时的虚拟语气
⏹wouldrather+从句
⏹wish+从句
⏹ifonly+从句
⏹asif/asthough+从句
⏹It’stime+从句
第三大类：从句中用should加动词原形的虚拟语气，其中should可省略。

⏹suggest,propose,advise,move(动议),ask,order,require,request,desire,insist,prefer等
动词后接的宾语从句；
⏹suggestion,proposal,advice,motion,order,requirement,request,desire,preference等名
词后的同位语从句；
3.important,necessary,essential,imperative,desirable,advisable,preferable等形容词用在
itis…that…句型中；
4.lest,incase,forfearthat等引导的从句中。

历年考题中的虚拟语气
⏹Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp,we___(be)inrealtrouble.(wouldhavebeen)
⏹Hewouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,ifhe___(notbe)sobusy.(hadnotbeen)
⏹Itishightimethatwe___(take)firmmeasurestoprotectourenvironment.(took)
⏹Itwasimperativethatstudents___(finish)theirpapersbeforeJuly1st.(shouldfinish/finish)
4.定语从句和名词性从句
定语从句：限制性和非限制性定语从句
引导定语从句
1〕关系代词(在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语〕：which,that,who,whom,whose 2〕关系副词〔在定语从句中作状语〕：when,where,why,how
名词性从句
名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
引导名词性从句：
1〕主从连词〔不在从句中作任何成分〕：that,whether,if
2〕连接代词〔在从句中作主语、宾语、表语〕：
what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whoever…
3〕连接副词〔在从句中作状语〕：when,where,why,how
♦定语从句和同位语从句的区别
♦Thestory(that)hetoldmemaynotbetrue.
♦Thestorythathehasmadeafortunemaynotbetrue.
2.什么时候用介词＋which的形式?
♦TheplacewhichIvisitedlastweekisverybeautiful.
♦TheplaceinwhichIusedtoliveisverybeautiful.
3.which和as引导非限制性定语从句
♦Heiseasytogetangry,whichiswellknown.
♦Heiseasytogetangry,aseverybodyknows.
历年考题中的定语从句和名词性从句
1.Studieshaveshown___teenagersoftensufferfromdepression.
[A]that [B]which [C]inwhich [D]inthatＡ
2.Itisawell-knownfact___apersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyestocontrolhisd
irection.
[A]that [B]if [C]when[D]whetherＡ
3.Veryfewpeopleunderstoodthiscontract,___wasveryobscure.
[A]thelanguage [B]thelanguageofwhichＢ
[C]allitsaid [D]whichithadsaid
备考要诀
•重视课文，英语一考上册，英语二以下册A课文为主，然而上册课文的语法和词汇是学习下册的基础。

•吃透重点语法：非谓语动词、动词时态和语态、虚拟语气、比较级、定语从句，等。

•背单词要讲究技巧，以大纲词汇为准，不要孤立地背单词，以词组为主，重视搭配；
•加强阅读，选择难度适当的阅读材料，重在训练阅读技巧，提高速度和效率。

推举材料：
1)大学英语自学教程》〔上下册〕，高远主编，高教出版社。

2)《大学英语自学教程——自学与自测指导》〔上下册〕，高远主编，北航出版社。

3)自考大纲
4)全国高等自学考试英语〔一〕和英语〔二〕模拟试卷与应试指导》高远主编，高等教育出版社。

结束语
BeforeGodweareequallywise—equallyfoolish.(AlbertEinstein)
I.每道题的考点
第一题：词汇和结构
历年试题举例：
1.Attheendof1994theBritishgovernmentintroducednewmeasurestohelp____domesticwo
rkersfromabusebytheiremployers.
[A]protect [B]suspect [C]expect [D]inspect 词义辨析
2.I’mwonderingwhyhehasn’tturned___atthemeeting.
[A]down [B]up [C]out [D]over 搭配
3.Byusingbothearsonecantellthedirection___asoundcomes.
[A]inwhich [B]fromwhich [C]overwhich [D]withwhich 定语从句
2.Almosteverythingamanagerdoes___decisions;indeed,somesuggestthatthemanagemen tprocessisdecisionmaking.
[A]imposes [B]improvises [C]involves [D]indicates
3.Americanmendon’tcrybecauseitisconsiderednot___ofmentodoso.
[A]characteristic [B]tolerant [C]symbolic [D]independent
4.Ineverymajorcitytherearemore___apartmentsthantherearehomelesspeople.
[A]blank [B]vacant [C]empty [D]bare
[提示]：搭配要紧涉及介词和名词、形容词和介词、动词和名词、形容词和名词等的搭配。

因此学习单词时必须掌握其固定的搭配。

此外牢记大纲词表后列出的词组也会有很大的关心。

1.
Astronomersandscientiststhinkthatablackholeisaregionofspace___whichmatterhasfall enand___whichnothingcanescape.
[A]towards…towards[B]into…from
[C]outof…from[D]through…through
2. ___conclusion,walkingisacheap,safeandenjoyableformofexercise.
[A]into [B]at [C]over [D]under
___toformanewgovernment.
[A]purpose [B]reason [C]view [D]goal
___tobuyapairofshoes.
[A]shoesstore [B]shoe’sstore[C]shoestore [D]shoesstore
3.Fiveminutesearlier,___wemayhavecaughtthegunman.
[A]and [B]but [C]or [D]so
4. ___I’msupposedtoworkbymyself,thereareotherpeoplewhoIcaninteractwith.
[A]Ifonly [B]Solongas [C]Evenif [D]Asfaras
5. Itwasthere,thepolicebelieve,___shewasabletoactivatetherecordershekeptinherbag.
[A]until [B]which [C]that [D]when
6.Itisnotfeasibletowaitfourdays___thebodyisusedtothenewtimezone.
[A]while [B]after [C]until [D]then
7.Robotsdifferfromautomaticmachines___aftercompletionofonetask,theycanbereprogram medtodoanother.
[A]that [B]inwhich [C]when [D]inthat
8.Itisbecomingincreasinglycleartopolicy-makers___schoolscannotsolvealltheproblemsoft helargercommunity.
[A]that [B]what [C]when [D]who
9.Americanshavelearnedmuchaboutthewayinwhichthesystemcanbemanagedsoasto____th epeacefultransferofpowerfromonepartytotheother.
[A]makeitpossible [B]makepossible
[C]makepossibly [D]makeitpossibly
10.Lotsofemptybeerbottleswerefoundundertheyoungman’sbed;he___heavily.
[A]musthavedrunk [B]mustdrink
[C]shoulddrink [D]hadtodrink
Key:1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.A
第二题：完型填空
[提示]：充分利用上下文提供的信息答题。

历年试题举例：
(1)Colterwasexcited,sohetold17abouttheplace.18,theotherpeopledidnotbelievehim.
18.[A]theother [B]others [C]another [D]eachother
18. [A]Then [B]However [C]Therefore [D]Consequently
Key:17.B 18.B
(2)Planningisimportantinalmostanythingyoudo.Nomatterwhatyouaredoing,takingthetimet oplan11canhelpyoureachyourgoal.Thepurposeofinsuranceis12youplanforunexpected,costl yemergencies(紧急需要).13themostimportantkindofinsuranceismedicalinsurance.
11.[A]away [B]on [C]ahead [D]out
12.[A]helped [B]tohelp [C]kept [D]tokeep
13.[A]Probably [B]Unfortunately [C]Conversely [D]Subsequently Key:11.C 12.B 13.A
(3)FoodintheUnitedStatesis13,cheap,andavailabletwenty-fourhoursaday,andmanypeoplen otonlyovereat,buteatalotofhigh-fat,high-caloriesfoodsthat14weightgain.15,therearesomep eoplewhoeatanythingtheywantandnevergainweight,andstudiesshowthatobesepeopledonot eatanexcessiveamountofcalories.Infact,theyofteneat16thannon-obesepeopledo.
13.[A]many [B]much [C]plentiful [D]resourceful
14.[A]contributeto [B]devoteto [C]subjectto [D]distributeto
15.[A]But [B]However [C]Moreover [D]Therefore
16.[A]fewer [B]more [C]less [D]better
Key:13.C 14.A 15.B 16.C
第三题：阅读理解〔略〕
第四题：单词拼写
［提示］：最新试题出题思路有明显变化，因此以下册课文词表为复习重点，兼顾大纲此表中的中学词汇和上册词汇。

最新试题举例
36.accompany(1A) 37.boundary(2A)
38.capture(14A) 39.decline(10A)
40.employee(4A) 41.feasible(8A)
42.heartbreaking(14A) 43.grateful
44.increasingly(6A) 45.junction(15A)
46.loyalty(10A) 47.moderate(8B)
48.overwhelming(10A) 49.nominate(10B)
50.participant(5A) 51.persistently(14A)
52.queue(14A) 53.spontaneous(5A)
54.reinforce(12B) 55.undertake(13A)
往年试题举例
36.strike(上册) 37.program(上册)
38.civil (4A) 39.quality(上册)
40.expose(6A) 41.overcome(8A)
42.vote(10A) 43.responsible(上册)
44.content(15A) 45.interview(1B)
46.failure(上册) 47.economy(上册)
48.logical(上册) 49.undergo(11A)
50.nervous(上册) 51.abandon(上册)
52.remain〔中学〕53.promote(8A)
54.detail(12A) 55.hobby(上册)
第五题：词形填空题
[提示]：此部分要紧包括谓语动词、非谓语动词、形容词比较级和词性变化四部分。

谓语动词和非谓语动词详见重点语法，因此此处要紧涉及形容词比较级和词性变化。

历年试题举例
形容词比较级和最高级
1.Themorestressyouareunder,the___(likely)youaretocatchacold.
2.The___(far)awaywegetfromtheearth,thethinnertheairbecomes.
3.Weknowthatwearegettingevenolder,andthatthenearerasocietyapproximatestozeropopulat iongrowth,the____(old)itspopulationislikelytobe.
4.AsJanewasthe____(old),shelookedaftertheotherchildreninthefamily.
Key:1.morelikely 2.farther 3.older 4.oldest
词性转化
1.T heseelectricappliancesareallsimilarinconstructionbuteachoneis____(specialize)initsfun ction.
2.Thecontinuingprofessionaleducationof____(high)educatedadultswillbecomeathirdleveli nadditiontoundergraduateandprofessionalorgraduatework.
3.Theexplorerswerepuzzledoverwhattodonextbecausetheywereina____(trick)situation.
4.Wewouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressoursincere____(appreciate)ofyourhelp. Key:1.special 2.highly 3.tricky 4.appreciation
第六题：汉译英
[提示]：此部分要紧涉及虚拟语气、强调句、倒装句、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、形式主语等语法现象和一些固定表达式。

最新试题举例
68、一个具有文学艺术观赏力的人能胜任这项工作。

Apersonwithappreciationofartandliteratureisqualifiedforthejob.
选自下册第9单元A课文后WordStudy中appreciation的一个例句。

要紧考查定语从句和bequalifiedfor的用法。

69、随着研究技术变得更加先进，用于实验的动物数量将会大大减少。

Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvanced,thenumberofanimalsusedinexperimentswillg reatlydecrease.
选自下册第11单元A课文最后一段的第一句话。

要紧考查as引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”。

70、那位生物学家相信某些动物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。

Thebiologistisconvinced/believesthatsomeanimalspeciesarefacedwiththedangerofextincti on.
依照下册第14单元A课文后的翻译练习中的第6题有所改动。

原话为“他相信某些植物物种正受到灭绝的威胁。

”
历年试题举例
1．直到最近我才意识到语言与文化紧密相关。

2.我们匆匆忙忙地赶回学校，生怕天会下雨。

3.这些问题没有迅速解决是汤姆的过错。

4.他的肤色与他是否是个好教授没有关系。

5.不管他如何说，我也不相信他。

Key:
1.NotuntilrecentlydidIrealizethatlanguageandculturearecloselyrelatedtoeachother.(倒装句)
2.Wehurriedtotheschoollestitshouldrain.〔lest后接动词原形的虚拟语气〕
3.It’sTom’sfaultthatthesequestionsarenotsolvedrapidly.〔形式主语〕
4.Thecolorofhisskinisirrelevanttowhetherheisagoodprofessorornot.〔whether引导宾语从句〕
5.Whateverhesays,Iwon’tbelievehim.〔让步状语从句〕
第七题：英译汉〔略〕
II.重点语法复习
历年考题中的动词时态和语态
1. Muchofthecarbonintheearth___(come)fromthingsthatoncelived.
2.Inthepasttwodecades,research___(expand)ourknowledgeaboutsleepanddream.
3.Someproverbs___(be)inthelanguagefor1,000years,forexample,Afriendinneedisafriend
indeed.
4.___(stand)atthegatewasayoungmaningreencoat.
5.In1991,aftertheGulfWar,Bush’sapprovedratingreached91percent,thehighestlevelrecor
dedsincepolling___(begin)inthe19302.
6.Seeingviolenceontelevisionorreadingaboutitinthenewspaperseveryday___(make)ustol
eratecrimemorethanweshould.
7.Sofar,Irving___(live)inNewYorkCityfortenyears.
8.Thepatient___(send)toanotherhospitalbeforewegotthere.
9.Thesecondhalfofthenineteenthcentury___(witness)thefirstextendedtranslationintoEngl
ishofthewritingsofEliphasLevi.
10.Alltheworriestheymighthavefeltforhim___(drive)offbythesightofhischeerfulface.
历年考题中的非谓语动词
1.Amancannotbereallyhappyifwhatheenjoys___(do)isignoredbysocietyasofnovalueorim
portance.
2.Anyone___(want)tounderstandtheindustryofthefuturewillhavetoknowaboutrobotics.
3.Itisawell-knownfactthatapersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyes___(contro
l)hisdirection.
4.Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvanced,thenumberofanimals___(use)inexperime
ntsmaydecrease.
5.
Itseemsreasonabletoassumethat,otherthings___(be)equal,theywouldprefersingletosha redrooms.
6. Thispoem,if___(translate)wordforwordintoChinese,willmakenosense.
7.
Theymayhavetheirpassports_____(remove),makingleavingor“escaping”actuallyimpo ssible.
8.Herbody,withhandsandfeet____(bind),wasdiscoveredbyatravelerearlyinthemorning.
9.Icouldn’thelpbut___(feel)thisisaverystrangelife.
10.Letusconsidertheearthasaplanet____(revolve)roundthesun.
Key:
1.doing 动名词做enjoy的宾语
2.wanting 现在分词作定语
3.tocontrol 动词不定式作目的状语
ed 过去分词作定语
5.being 现在分词用在独立结构中
6.translated 连词加过去分词作状语
7.removed 过去分词作宾补
8.bound 过去分词用在独立结构中
9.feel couldn’thelpbut后接动词原形
10.revolving 现在分词作定语
历年考题中的虚拟语气
1.Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp,we___(be)inrealtrouble.Hewouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,if
he___(notbe)sobusy.
3.Itishightimethatwe___(take)firmmeasurestoprotectourenvironment.
4.Itwasimperativethatstudents___(finish)theirpapersbeforeJuly1st.
5.Theydemandedthattherighttovote___(give)toeveryadultperson.Iwouldratherhe____(b
uy)thehousenextyear.Themanagertoldustobefriendlytothevisitorsasifwe___(meet)the mbefore.
9.Shouldshecometomorrow,I___takehertothemuseum.
[A]can [B]will [C]would [D]must
10.Ifwe___everythingreadybynow,weshouldbehavingaterribletimetomorrow.
[A]hadn’tgot[B]didn’tget[C]wouldn’thavegot[D]wouldn’tget
Key:
1.wouldhavebeen 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的主句
2.hadnotbeen 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句
3.took Itishightime+过去式的虚拟形式
4.shouldfinish/finish Itwasimperativethat+动词原形的虚拟形式
5.begiven demand所接宾语从句用动词原形的虚拟形式
6.shouldhavereceived 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的主句，表示“本应该收到”而实
际上没有。

7.bought wouldrather后接宾语从句，从句用过去式表示虚拟语气。

8.hadmet asif所引导的从句用过去完成式表示虚拟语气。

9. C 与今后事实相反的虚拟语气的主句。

10.A 从句与现在事实相反，但本身差不多是现在完成时〔从bynow能够看出〕，
因此变为过去完成时。

历年考题中的定语从句和名词性从句
1.Studieshaveshown___teenagersoftensufferfromdepression.
[A]that [B]which [C]inwhich [D]inthat
2.Itisawell-knownfact___apersonwillmoveinacirclewhenhecannotusehiseyestocontrolhisd irection.
[A]that [B]if [C]when [D]whether
3.Ontheotherhandconcernisalsogrowingaboutthepossibilityofaneweconomicorder____r esource-richnationsoftheThirdWorldwouldcombinetosethighcommodityprices.
[A]which [B]what [C]that [D]inthat
4.Itisnotyetknown____computers willonedayhavevisionasgoodashumanvision.
[A]whether [B]if [C]that [D]how
5.Suchattitudesamounttoabelief___leisurecanandshouldbeputtogooduse.
[A]which [B]if [C]whether [D]that
6.Thereasonformakingadecisionis___aproblemexists,goalsarewrong,orsomethingisstand
inginthewayofaccomplishingthem.
[A]why [B]because [C]where [D]that
7.___developedwasamusicreadilytakingonvariousformsandcapableofanalmostlimitlessran geofexpression.
[A]What [B]Whether [C]That [D]Which
8.Veryfewpeopleunderstoodthiscontract,___wasveryobscure.
[A]thelanguage [B]thelanguageofwhich
[C]allitsaid [D]whichithadsaid
9.Oftenmusicwasplayedoutofdoors,___natureprovidedtheenvironment.
[A]which [B]that [C]inwhich [D]where
10.Manyofusvisitedtheindustrialexhibition,____,toourdisappointment,wesawveryfewhigh -techproducts.
[A]where [B]which [C]as [D]that
Key:
1. A that引导宾语从句
2. A that引导同位语从句
3. C that引导同位语从句
4. A it为形式主语，whether引导真正的主语从句
5. D that引导同位语从句
6. D that引导表语从句
7. A what引导主语从句，并在主语从句中做主语
8. B thelanguageofwhich引导非限定性定语从句，并在定语从句中做主语
9. D where引导非限定性定语从句，并在定语从句中作地点状语
10.A where引导非限定性定语从句，并在定语从句中作地点状语
11.。