考研语法长难句复习指导第 6 讲-平行、嵌套结构

考研语法长难句复习指导第6讲

长难句之平行结构

类型

一、名词、词组、介词短语的平行

二、动词（谓语/非谓语）的平行

三、句子的并列平行

一、名词、词组、介词短语的平行

例：

I’d like to bu y an apple, two pears, three oranges and four watermelons.

我想买一个苹果、两个梨、三个橘子和四个西瓜。

He is a student at college, an athlete in the national team and a journalist in the local television station.

他既是一名在校大学生，也是一名国家队的运动员，还在当地电视台做记者。The water flows into rivers, into lakes, into seas and into oceans.

水流入小河、湖泊、大海和海洋。

（2017 年考研英语二阅读理解Part A Text 3）

There’s always a constant fear of falling behind everyone else on the socially perpetuated “race to the finish line”, whether that be toward graduate school, medical school or lucrative career.

总有一种害怕落后于人的担忧萦绕在社会上一直存在的一种“冲向终点的比赛”之中，不管这比赛的终点是考取研究所，进入医学院还是有一份赚钱的职业。

（2017 年考研英语一阅读理解Part A Text 4）

Officials must not be allowed to play favorites in providing information or in arranging meetings simply because an individual or group provides a campaign donation or a personal gift.

政府官员不得因为个人或团体提供活动捐款或私人礼品，就在提供信息或安排会

见上有所偏袒。

（2017 年考研英语二阅读理解Part A Text 4）

Failing to recognize that, he notes, leads to “an overly simplified view of what the solutions might be. Our perception of the problem and of what the solution is becomes very limited”.

他指出，如果意识不到这一点，就会导致“在可行方案的考虑上过于简化，我们对于问题本身及其解决措施的认知也会变得相当有限”。

二、动词（谓语/非谓语）的平行

例：

He put on his hat, opened the door and walked out of the room.

他戴上帽子，打开门，走出了房间。

The audience began shouting, cheering and clapping.

观众们开始大喊、欢呼和鼓掌。

Her duty is to look after the child, care for the elders and take good care of the whole family.

她的责任是照顾孩子、老人和整个家庭。

（2017 年考研英语二阅读理解Part A Text 1-设题点）

But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education.

但历届政府只管出售绿地、榨取地方资金，以及让体育逐渐在教育中失去关注。

（2014 年考研英语一阅读理解Part A Text 1-设题点）

What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for “fundamental fairness”—protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.

我们要知道，他的动机实际上是出于他对于“基本公平”的追求，也就是保护纳税人、控制花销以及确保只有最符合资格的申请人才能得到补助金。

（2015 年考研英语一阅读理解Part A Text 4-设题点）

As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.

正如黑客窃听案审判所裁决的——《世界新闻报》前主编安迪·库尔森因密谋窃听手机被判有罪，而受到相同指控的他的前任丽贝卡·布鲁克斯则被判无罪——关于道德缺失这一更为广泛的问题仍然存在。

三、句子的并列平行

例：

I want apples and he wants pears.

我想要苹果，他想要梨。

The project is aiming at helping those who are disabled, and who are homeless.

该项目旨在帮助那些身有残疾和无家可归的人。

He won the game partly because he practiced hard and partly because he was inspired by the big rewards.

他之所以赢得那场比赛，一部分原因是他的刻苦训练，还有一部分是大奖的激励。

（2015 年考研英语二阅读理解Part A Text 4-设题点）

An increase in involuntary part-time work is evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.

迫于无奈从事非全职工作的人数的增加反映了劳动力市场的疲软，这意味着很多人未来即使能勉强维持生计也会非常艰难。

（2015 年考研英语二阅读理解Part A Text 3）

In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.