细菌的抗生素耐药(英文PPT)Antibiotic Pressure and Resistance
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• Resistance in organisms of low virulence can emerge as important pathogens.
• The development of resistant bacteria has driven pharmaceutical research to develop more potent, broad-spectrum antibiotics.
• Under selective pressure of antibiotic exposure, these strains then proliferate.
Mechanisms owk.baidu.com Bacterial Resistance : how DO they do it ??
Mechanisms
Antibiotic Selection for Resistant Bacteria
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Why is it important?
• Antibiotic resistance has developed in almost all classes of bacteria of pathogenic potential.
– Stopping the medicine when you feel better - not finishing the prescription
– Saving antibiotics for a future illness – Sharing or using someone else’s medicine
• This is a normal process speeded up by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics.Bacteria that mutate and are able to resist the aBacteriatha mutate and are able to resist the antibiotics that are meant to kill them.
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Are:
• Bacteria that mutate and are able to resist the antibiotics that are meant to kill them.
• Several mechanisms have evolved in bacteria which confer them with antibiotic resistance. These mechanisms can either: 1- chemically modify the antibiotic, render it inactive. 2- Physical removal from the cell, 3-Or modify target site so that it is not recognized by the antibiotic. 4-Prevention of penetration of drug
ntibioti that are meant to kill them.
What is Antibiotic Misuse?
• Taking antibiotics when they are not needed:
– for viral infections
• When needed, taking antibiotics incorrectly:
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria How does it happen ?
• Bacteria can become resistant as a result of genetic mutations; these can be transferred between bacteria.
• The development of resistant bacteria has driven pharmaceutical research to develop more potent, broad-spectrum antibiotics.
• Under selective pressure of antibiotic exposure, these strains then proliferate.
Mechanisms owk.baidu.com Bacterial Resistance : how DO they do it ??
Mechanisms
Antibiotic Selection for Resistant Bacteria
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Why is it important?
• Antibiotic resistance has developed in almost all classes of bacteria of pathogenic potential.
– Stopping the medicine when you feel better - not finishing the prescription
– Saving antibiotics for a future illness – Sharing or using someone else’s medicine
• This is a normal process speeded up by the overuse and misuse of antibiotics.Bacteria that mutate and are able to resist the aBacteriatha mutate and are able to resist the antibiotics that are meant to kill them.
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Are:
• Bacteria that mutate and are able to resist the antibiotics that are meant to kill them.
• Several mechanisms have evolved in bacteria which confer them with antibiotic resistance. These mechanisms can either: 1- chemically modify the antibiotic, render it inactive. 2- Physical removal from the cell, 3-Or modify target site so that it is not recognized by the antibiotic. 4-Prevention of penetration of drug
ntibioti that are meant to kill them.
What is Antibiotic Misuse?
• Taking antibiotics when they are not needed:
– for viral infections
• When needed, taking antibiotics incorrectly:
Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria How does it happen ?
• Bacteria can become resistant as a result of genetic mutations; these can be transferred between bacteria.