高考英语阅读之猜测词义.ppt

China will see the longest solar eclipse in 500 years on July 21, a scientist Wang said on Saturday.The total eclipse will last up to six minutes, and it is the longest eclipse that can be seen in China in almost years from 1814 to 2309,” he said.
• By saying “the brain at any age is highly plastic”, the writer means the brain can be _____.
A.used
B. mastered
C. developed D. researched
词义猜测题常用的提问方式有：
unconditional: 无条件的，绝对的
nonjudgmental: 没有判断力的
“Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “the two share little about their innermost feelings.”
来自百度文库
(2003NMET)
With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence.
•Guess the meaning
2010年高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求
要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简 短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、 杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能：
１、理解主旨要义； ２、理解文中具体信息； ３、根据上下文推断生词的词义； ４、作出简单判断和理解； ５、理解文章的基本结构； ６、理解作者的意图和态度。
1. The word “…” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _______.
2.The word “…” is most likely to mean ______.
3. What do you think the expression “…” stands for?
6
6
4
2
对考纲外生词的猜测
Many United Nations employees are polyglots: Mr. Jim, for example, speaks five languages fluently. “polyglot” most probably means “_______________.”
4. The underlined word “…” means ______. ......
语境法 Context clues
猜测词意
构词法 Word formation
Word Formation 构词法：
英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）
和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本 的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或 后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原 词的意义。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头 和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测 出由其构成的新词的含义了。
对考纲内熟词新义的猜测
I had first known she was wrong that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. (04全国卷) “cloud” means “_____________________.”
对句义的猜测
• The biggest finding in brain research in the last ten years is that the brain at any age is highly plastic. If you ask your brain to learn, it will learn.(07四川卷)
superman (超人)
nonnatural (非自然的)
homeless (无家可归的)
rebuild (重建)
microwave (微波)
mispronounce (发错音)
nonsmoker (非烟民)
eastwards (向东)
Mary, of course you are overweight. You eat too much junk food. Even worse , you excercise infrequently.
今天好囧啊， 等了半天打不到的士。
墙角数枝槑（梅），凌寒独自开，
遥赞它是雪，
只能说你呆。
If you come across new
words when reading,
? What will you do
•Look them up in the dictionary
•Ignore them and continue reading
抓主旨 明细节 猜词义 做推断
猜测词义 读懂文章
---------高三英语阅读指导（阅读篇）
2005—2009年阅读理解试题分类情况
题目设计数量 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
事实细节题 10
12
10
12 11
试 题
主旨大意题
2
2
2
1
0
设
计 词义猜测题 1
2
1
3
2
分
类
推理判断题 6
中学英语中常见的前缀和后缀有：
super- (超)
mini- (极小的, 微小的)
micro-（极微小的） re- （再，反复）
mis-（误，恶） im-（不）
un-（不，非）
in-（不，非）
non-（不，非） -able（能…的 ）
-less（不，无） -wards (向)
Can you guess the right meanings?