第八讲 词义的选择与引申(2)

1)a broken cup, a broken man, a broken soldier, a broken promise, a broken spirit, 摔碎的杯子,绝望的人,残废军人,背弃的诺言,消 沉的意志 2)According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. 新学派的科学家们认为，技术在扩大科学知识 范围过程中是一种被忽视的力量。
3)After their interview, he compares not the experience of the candidates, but their statistics ... 面试以后，他并不比较求职者的经验，而是比较 他们的个人资料…… 4)The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind ... 科学研究的方法不过是人类思维活动的必要表达 方式……
3) The shortest distance between raw material and a finished part is casting. 原材料与成品之间最短的距离是铸造。 铸造是原材料加工成成品最简便的方法。 4)The alternating current does not know such a disadvantage as the direct current does. 交流电不知道直流电的这种缺点。 交流电不存在直流电的这种缺点。
2.抽象词语具体化
Eg. 1)Vietnam was his entree to the new Administration, his third as a foreign policy consultant. 越南战争成了他进入新政府的敲门砖，使他第三次 当上了外交政策顾问。 2)The car in front of me suddenly stopped and I missed the green. 我前面那辆车突然停了，我没赶上绿灯。 3)Public opinion demands that something should be done to end the strike. 众舆论要求采取措施结束罢工。
1) 干部应该虚心听取群众的意见。 A cadre should listen carefully to the opinions of the masses. 2) 汤姆对此很有意见。 Tom has a lot of complaints about it. 3) 中美两国就双边关系及共同关心的问题交换了意 见。 China and the United States exchanged views on a bilateral relations and issues of common concern. 4) 双方就产品价格问题达成了一致意见。 The two sides reached an agreement on the price of the product. 5) 如果没有意见，现在散会。 The meeting is over if there is no objection.
二、翻译练习
1)a broken cup, a broken man, a broken soldier, a broken promise, a broken spirit, 2)According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. 3)After their interview, he compares not their experience, but their statistics ... 4)The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind ...
3.改换说法Biblioteka Baidu
Eg. 1) A divorced woman is likely to find herself in an unenviable position. 一个离婚的妇女很容易会发现她处在一个不 令人羡慕的位置。 离婚的女子很容易觉察到自己处境艰难。 2) He is always ahead of his salary. 他总是生活在他的工资之前。 他的生活开销总是超过他的工资收入。（他 是个月光族。）
练习：词义的引申
1) Did Mary follow the scholar’s argument? 玛丽听懂那位学者的论点了吗？ 2) The private detective followed the man for a couple of days. 那个私家侦探已经跟踪此人好几天了。 3) The gist of what they said at the meeting was as follows: 他们在会上发言的要点如下： 4) I have followed the progress of the construction of this residential area with deep interest. 我极为关注该住宅区建设的进度情况。
第八讲 词义的选择与引申（2）
张伟红 2012-10-28
主要内容
• 一、词义的引申
1.具体词语抽象化 2.抽象词语具体化 3.改换说法
• 二、翻译练习
一、词义的引申
1.具体词语抽象化 Eg. 1)Everyone has rain and sunshine (roses and thorns) in their life. 每个人的生活都有甜有苦。 2)The character of these imperialists is a mixture of the tiger and the ape. 这些帝国主义者的性格既残暴又狡猾。 3)Among so many well-dressed and cultivated people, the country girl felt like a fish out of water. 置身于这么多衣着漂亮，有文化教养的城里人当中，这 位农村姑娘感到格格不入。 4) We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street. 我们坚持认为国际贸易不应是单边交易。