被动句的译法

被动句的译法(已经用于幻灯片)

(1) 汉语中有被/由/叫/挨/让/给/受/遭等词时,可译成英语被动

句.

他常被派做这项工作. He is often sent to do this work.

你叫雨淋湿了. Have been wetted in the rain.

这孩子昨天挨来了一顿批评. The boy was criticized yesterday.

我们的衣服给汗水湿透了. Our clothes were soaked with sweat.

东西受潮了. The things have been affected with damp.

他们去年遭了灾. They were hit by a natural calamity last year.

(2) 不带标记的汉语被动句

有些句子的主语不是动词的执行者,而是动作的承受者,结构上是主动的,但含义上确是被动的,英译时用被动句处理.

历史是人民创造的. History is made by the people.

这首歌是我一个朋友谱写的. The song was composed by a friend of mine.

这个问题必须予以处理. This matter must be dealt with.

这座桥将在今年年底建成.

The construction of the bridge will be completed by the end of this year.

(3) 汉语某些习语的译法:

有些汉语习语,语态上是主动的,但英译时要用被动语态,特别是英语中以IT作形式主语的句式.

应该说,基本情况是健康的. It should be said that the situation is basically sound.

据报,敌人当时离那里只有十里.It is reported that the enemy were ten li away.

很明显,这计划应当取消. It is obvious that the plan should be scrapped.

据谣传,那场事故是由于玩忽职守而造成的. It is rumored that the accident was due to negligence.

据了解这地方有丰富的自然资源. It is known that the area is rich in natural resources.

有人认为It is considered that-- 普遍认为It is generally accepted that--

据信It is believed that-- 众所周知It is well known that

据悉It is learned that 据推测It is supposed that--

据估计It is estimated that 必须指出It must be pointed out that

可见It will be seen that 不用说It is understood that

无可否认It cannot be denied that 已经证明It has been proved that

可以肯定It may be confirmed that 可以有把握地说It may be safely said that

人们有时会问It is sometimes asked that 人们希望It is expected that

据说It is said that

据报道It is reported that

1．四字词组运用

2．不定冠词a的翻译特点

3．语句翻译规律（第十周）