初三英语中考总复习资料

初三英语中考总复习资料

这一讲里，主要帮助同学们掌握名词、冠词、数词的用法，特别是针对同学不易掌握的方面。

一、名词关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，而不是 a

1.复数的构成方法：(1)一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog--dogs。

(2)以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如：watch--watches。

(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es，如：country--countries。请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。如：monkey--monkeys。

(4)以o结尾的名词，只有potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。

(5)以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es，如：knife--knives。

2.单复数形式相同的词：sheep--sheep，fish--fish Chinese--Chinese，Japanese--Japanese

3.特殊变化的单词有：(1)tooth--teeth，foot--feeth (2)man--men，woman--women，policeman--policemen,Frenchman--Frenchmen

请区别：German(德国人)—Germans (3)child—children 4.常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人)，clothes(衣服)，trousers(裤子) glasses(眼镜) ,这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。如：My clothes are (be) newer than yours.

5.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。如：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理) No news is good news.

6.可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。 How many are there in your pencil-box?(knife) 不可数名词：1.常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。应特别记medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.

2.不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Some bread__________over there.(be)

3.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等来修饰不可数名词。

4.常用a piece of,a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义，bread仍为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则可加s。即：twopiecesof bread 请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示，如：三箱苹果three boxes of apples 例：1、These two pieces of bread __________over there.(be)

2、Could I have three ___________,please？

A.piece of bread

B.piece of breads

C.pieces of bread

D.pieces of breads 名词的格名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“ 's”。如：Tom→Tom's译为“…的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“'”即可。如：Teachers'Day , twoweeks'holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加's 。如：Children's Day 关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点：

1.可用名词所有格表示地点。如：my aunt's 我姑姑家。go to the doctor's 去医生家。

2.表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加's 如：Lucy and Lily's 露西和莉莉的

3.掌握词组：a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友 eg;The white shirt is and blue one is . A、Kate,my B.Kate's,mine C.Kate,mine D.Kate's,my

二、冠词冠词是词汇中的基础的，也是简单的部分，所以同学们有必要掌握其基本用法，归纳起来，同学们应该掌握以下几点： 1.冠词指不定冠词a,an和定冠词the

2.不定冠词an常用于元音发音开头的词前，如：an hour,an English car. 请区别：a useful machine

3.指上文提到过的人或物，用定冠词the

4.在世界上独一无二的事物前用定冠词the.如：the sun,the moon,the earth

5.定冠词the用于序数词前，表示方位的名词和形容词最高级前。如：the first,the best ,in the south

6.在复数姓氏前加the，表示××一家人，常看成复数。

如：The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.

7.在介词短语中常用定冠词the，如：in the box ,behind the chair

8.特别注意不能用定冠词the的几个方面：(1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如：in summer,in August

请区别：in the spring of 1945. (这里表示特指，故加the)

(2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如：have breakfast ,play football

(3)一些固定词组中，如：go to bed ,go to school,by bus ,at night.

9.在有些词组中，有冠词和无冠词意思不同，请注意区别：in front of 在…前面in the hospital 在医院里

in the front of 在…范围内的前部in hospital (生病)住院

练习:There's _________800-metre-long road behind _________hospital.

A.an,an

B.a, a

C.an, the

D.a, the

三、数词

同学们首先应会读会写所有基数词和序数词，以及与数词有关的钟点表达法。对数词的考查，中考常采用单选题及听力题，这些题型归纳起来，应掌握以下几点特别容易出错的地方。

1.基数词变序数词。其规律为： 1,2,3特殊记，加th从4起(first,second,third,fourth) 8少t，9去e，千万别忘记(eighth,ninth) 逢5逢12，ve变 f (fifth,twelfth) 20到90，y要变ie (twentieth,ninetieth) 若是几十几，前基后序别倒位(ninety-first)

2.hundred,thousand,million 在构成具体的数字时用单数形式。如：five hundred people. 只有在表达笼统的多数时才加s，构成复数形式。 hundreds of 数以百计的，成百上千的thousands of 数以千计的，成千上万的 millions of 数百万的这些词组前不能用具体数字。

3.序数词常与定冠词the 连用。练习:①Henry has learned eight _________ French words this year.

A.hundred

B.hundreds

C.hundred of

D.hundreds of

②The _________lesson is the most difficult one in Book Two. (twenty)

另外，同学们还应掌握与数词有关的钟点表达法。

顺读法(钟点＋分钟) 如：4:30 four thirty 4:45 four forty-five 4:15 four fifteen 倒读法(分钟＋to／past＋钟点) 如：4:30 half past four 4:15 fifteen past four／ a quarter past four 4:45 fifteen to five／ a quarter to five 练习题:

1.At the beginning of the_____(twenty) century,the world's population was about 1700 million.

2.Are these_____(watch)yours? Yes.

3.You don't look well.You'd better go to the______(doctor) at once.

4.Would you give me________,please?

A.two papers

B.two piece of paper

C.two pieces of paper

D.two pieces of papers

5.There are three_____and seven____in the picture.

A.monkeys,sheeps

B.monkeys,sheep

C.monkies,sheep

D.monkies,sheeps

6.A lot of____are talking with two_______.

A.Germans,Frenchmans

B.Germen,Frenchmans

C.German, Frenchmen

D.Germans,Frenchmen

7.June 1 is __. A.the Children's Day B.the Childrens' Day C.Children's Day D.Childrens' Day

8.__________people went out to see what had happened.

A.Thousands of

B.Three thousand of

C.Thousand of

D.Three thousands

9.We have been in the school for______.

A.three and a half month

B.three and a half months

C.three month and a half

D.three months and half

10.__________English is___________ useful language. A.A, an B./, a C.The, an D. A, /

11.John was given _______ orange bag for his birthday but ______ bag was lost just now.

A.an,a

B.a,the

C.the,a

D.an,the

12.There's ________ old tree near _______ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a

13.There is ________ 800-metre-long road behind _________ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the