介词with的复合结构

介词with的复合结构
“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”构成介词with的复合结构，该结构在句中可作状语和定语。

在with复合结构中，宾语和宾补之间形成逻辑上的主谓关系。

当这种主谓关系表现为主动语态时，用现在分词；当这种主谓关系表现为被动语态时，用过去分词；当这种主谓关系表示将来意义时，用不定式；当这种主谓关系表示伴随意义时，用现在分词或副词。

常见的结构：
1. with +宾语+介词短语
1) He walked along the street with his hands in his pockets. （用作状语，宾补为介词短语）
他手插衣袋沿街走着。

2) A girl stood at the door with an umbrella in her hands. （用作状语，宾补为介词短语）
一位姑娘站在门口，手里拿着一把雨伞。

3) There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them. （用作定语，宾补为介词短语）
这儿有一排排白色的房子，房前长着树木。

4) She saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides. （用作定语，宾补为介词短语）
她看到一条小溪，两岸长着红花绿草。

5) She left the office with tears in her eyes. （用作状语，宾补为介词短语）
她眼里含着泪水，离开了办公室。

2. with +宾语+形容词
1) Why did you sleep with the windows open? （用作状语，宾补为形容词）
你为什么开着窗子睡觉？
2) She sat down with her face pale with pain. （作状语，宾补为形容词）
她坐下来，痛的脸色发白了。

3) He used to sleep with the door open. （宾补为形容词）
他过去常开着门睡觉。

3. with +宾语+副词
1) The teaching building looks even more beautiful with all lights on. （用作状语，宾补为副词）
所有的灯都亮着时，教学楼就显得更加漂亮。

2) The child went out with no hat on. （用作状语，宾补为副词）
孩子没有戴帽子就出去了。

3) Holms and Watson sat with the light on for half an hour. （宾补为副词短语）
福尔摩斯和沃森坐着，让灯亮了半个小时。

4) Hong Kong looks more beautiful with thousands of lights on at night. （宾补为副词）
夜里，香港万盏灯火，分外美丽。

4. with +宾语+过去分词
1) With the cup broken, the child was crying. （用作状语，宾补为过去分词）
杯子打碎了，孩子哭了起来。

2) With the work done，he went home. （宾补为过去分词）
工作做完后，他回了家。

3) The boy lay on the grass with his eyes fixed on the sky. （宾补为过去分词）
那男孩躺在草地上，眼睛望着天空。

5. with +宾语+现在分词
1) She lay on her bed with the sunlight falling on her face. （用作状语，宾补为现在分词）
她躺在床上，让阳光照射着她的面庞。

2) With a boy leading the way，they started towards the village. （宾补为现在分词）
由一个小男孩领着路，他们朝那个村子去了。

3) The boy lay on the grass with his eyes looking at the sky. （宾补为现在分词）
那男孩躺在草地上，眼睛望着天空。

6. with +宾语+不定式
1) With the machines to do all work, we over-fulfilled our production plan last month.由于机器做了全部的工作，我们上个月超额完成了生产计划。

（用作状语，宾补为不定式）
2) With you to help us, we will finish the task in time.
由你来帮助，我们将会及时完成任务。

（宾补为不定式）
【巩固练习】
1. With so many problems _______, the manager felt worried.
A. to solve
B. to be solved
C. solved
D. being solved
2. That year his total income, with his reward_____, _____12,000 yuan.
A. added to; added up to
B. added; added to
C. added up to; added
D. adds to; adds up to
3. With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B. settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
4. The reporter showed many noodle trees with the farmers ______ noodles off them and ______ them into baskets.
A. pulling; putting
B. to pull; to put
C. pulled; put
D. pulling; put
5. The programme makers realized that people might wonder why noodles were always the same size so they explained that “it was the result of many years’ patient research with the trees _____ noodles of exactly the same length.”
A. producing
B. produced
C. produce
D. to produce
6. She soon fell asleep with the light still ______.
A. burnt
B. burning
C. to burn
D. burn
7. I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother _____ ill.
A. was
B. to be
C. being
D. been
8. With winter _____ on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.
A. come
B. to come
C. comes
D. coming
9. He lay in bed with his head ______.
A. covering
B. covered
C. to cover
D. being covered
10. After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines ____ beneath their stomachs.
A. going
B. to go
C. gone
D. go
答案：
1. A
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. D
6. B
7. C
8. D
9. B 10. A。