左彪-英汉对比与翻译(全)ppt课件

Native Language Transfer Does Exist.
• The age of the learner: adulthood • The socio-cultural context
Two Types of Transfer
• Negative Transfer • Positive Transfer (负迁移) （正迁移） Errors arise from Errors decrease by analogy. analysis. 类推会产生错误。 分析能减少错误。
左彪-英汉对比 与翻译(全)
英 汉 对 比 与 翻 译
English-Chinese Contrast and Translation
左 飚
上海建桥学院 上海海事大学 zuobiao212@
欢迎光临
英 汉 对 比 与 翻 译
Three Parts
1. Language transfer 2. Linguistic contrast 欢迎光临 3. Contrast and translation
Examples of Negative Transfer
4、要采取措施缩小贫富差距。 Measures must be taken to narrow the gap between the poor and the rich. the rich and the poor Word order transfer (词序迁移) 东南西北 衣食住行 饥寒交迫 或迟或早 废寝忘食 田径项目 悲欢离合 水陆交通 生老病死
Examples of Negative Transfer
5、他建议我接受这个报价。 He suggested me to accept this offer . He suggested that I (should) accept this offer . He suggested my (me) accepting this offer .
Keen awareness of the similarities and differences between thate FL learning. 对两种语言相似与相异点的敏锐意识能促进外语学习。
Negative Transfer (负迁移): Interference (干扰)
Examples of Negative Transfer
3、据说上海有一千六百万人口。
Shanghai is said to have sixteen million population. Shanghai is said to have a population of sixteen million. Shanghai is said to have sixteen million people.
Collocation transfer (搭配迁移) The noun renkou, the Chinese equivalent of ‘population’, can have a numerical pre-modifier. Population的汉语对应词“人口”在汉语中可以 用前置数词来修饰。
他不怕死。 He does not hear to die. fear
Examples of Negative Transfer
2、他一天只吃两顿饭。 He only eat two meal a day. eats meals 我去年到北京去了三次。 I go to Beijing 3 time last year. Went times Morphological transfer （词形迁移） Neither nouns nor verbs have inflections in Chinese. 在汉语中，名词和动词都没有形态变化。
Syntactical transfer (句型迁移) The verb jianyi, the Chinese equivalent of ‘suggest’, can be used in VOC pattern in Chinese. Suggest的汉语对应词“建议”在汉语中可以用 “动词+宾语+补语”的结构。
Examples of Negative Transfer
1、这位作家喜欢晚上写作。 The writer likes writing at light. night
Phonological transfer (语音迁移) The sound /n/ does not exist in some Chinese dialects and /l/ serves as a substitute. 在有些中国方言（如南京方言）中没有/n/这个辅音，而 用/l/来替代。
Causes: • analogical use of one’s prior knowledge of the mother tongue 母语先知结构的类推运用 • scanty knowledge of differences between the two languages 对两种语言的差异所知甚少 • unconscious falling back on the mother tongue speech habit 不自觉地回归母语的言语习惯
Part One
Language Transfer in FL Learning: Interference or Facilitation?
外语学习中的语言迁移： 干扰还是促进？
What Is Language Transfer?
Transfer is the influence resulting from the similarities and differences between the target language and any other language that has been previously acquired . Odlin (1989: 27) 迁移是由于目标语与已经习得的语言之 间的相似和差异而产生的 影响。 奥德林