2015美国冠心病患者高血压治疗的科学声明
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AHA/ACC/ASH Scientific Statement
Treatment of Hypertension in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension
1. Relationship Between Hypertension and CAD . . . . . 1.1. Epidemiology of Hypertension and CAD . . . . . 1.1.1. Effects of Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2. Risk Factor Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.3. Risk Factor Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4. Dyslipidemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.5. Diabetes Mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.6. Smoking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX 1.1.7. Obesity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.8. Peripheral Artery Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.9. Chronic Kidney Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2. Mechanisms of Hypertension and CAD . . . . . . 1.2.1. Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2. Physical Forces and Hemodynamics . . . . 1.2.3. Endothelial Dysfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.4. Oxidative Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.5. Humoral and Metabolic Factors . . . . . . . 1.2.6. Calcium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
Note: Authors from the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute represent themselves and not the opinions of the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension make every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or business interest of a member of the writing panel. Specifically, all members of the writing group are required to complete and submit a Disclosure Questionnaire showing all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest. This document was approved by the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee on September 22, 2014, by the American College of Cardiology on October 10, 2014, and by the American Society of Hypertension on September 30, 2014. The American Heart Association requests that this document be cited as follows: Rosendorff C, Lackland DT, Allison M, Aronow WS, Black HR, MD, Blumenthal RS, Cannon CP, de Lemos JA, Elliott WJ, Findeiss L, Gersh BJ, Gore JM, Levy D, Long JB, O’Connor CM, O’Gara PT, Ogedegbe O, Oparil S, White WB; on behalf of the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension. Treatment of hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension. Hypertension. 2015;65:XXX–XXX. This article has been copublished in Circulation, the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, and the Journal of the American Society of Hypertension. Copies: This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the American Heart Association (my.americanheart.org), the American College of Cardiology (www.cardiosource.org), and the American Society of Hypertension (http://www.ash-us.org/). A copy of the document is available at http:// my.americanheart.org/statements by selecting either the “By Topic” link or the “By Publication Date” link. To purchase additional reprints, call 843-2162533 or e-mail kelle.ramsay@wolterskluwer.com. Expert peer review of AHA Scientific Statements is conducted by the AHA Office of Science Operations. For more on AHA statements and guidelines development, visit http://my.americanheart.org/statements and select the “Policies and Development” link. Permissions: Multiple copies, modification, alteration, enhancement, and/or distribution of this document are not permitted without the express permission of the American Heart Association. Instructions for obtaining permission are located at http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/General/CopyrightPermission-Guidelines_UCM_300404_Article.jsp. A link to the “Copyright Permissions Request Form” appears on the right side of the page. (Hypertension. 2015;65:000-000. DOI: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000018.) © 2015 by the American Heart Association, Inc., the American College of Cardiology Foundation, and American Society of Hypertension, Inc. Hypertension is available at http://hyper.ahajournals.org DOI: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000018
Clive Rosendorff, MD, PhD, DScMed, FAHA, FACC, FASH, Chair; Daniel T. Lackland, DrPH, FAHA, FASH, Co-Chair; Matthew Allison, MD, FAHA; Wilbert S. Aronow, MD, FAHA, FACC; Henry R. Black, MD, FAHA, FASH; Roger S. Blumenthal, MD, FAHA, FACC; Christopher P. Cannon, MD, FAHA, FACC; James A. de Lemos, MD, FAHA, FACC; William J. Elliott, MD, PhD, FASH; Laura Findeiss, MD, FAHA; Bernard J. Gersh, MB ChB, DPhil, FAHA, MACC; Joel M. Gore, MD, FAHA, FACC; Daniel Levy, MD, FACC; Janet B. Long, MSN, FAHA; Christopher M. O’Connor, MD, FACC; Patrick T. O’Gara, MD, FAHA, FACC; Olugbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH, FASH; Suzanne Oparil, MD, FAHA, FACC, FASH; William BFra Baidu bibliotek White, MD, FAHA, FASH; on behalf of the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension Table of Contents
Treatment of Hypertension in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension
1. Relationship Between Hypertension and CAD . . . . . 1.1. Epidemiology of Hypertension and CAD . . . . . 1.1.1. Effects of Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.2. Risk Factor Interactions . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.3. Risk Factor Reduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.4. Dyslipidemia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.5. Diabetes Mellitus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.6. Smoking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX 1.1.7. Obesity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.8. Peripheral Artery Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1.9. Chronic Kidney Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2. Mechanisms of Hypertension and CAD . . . . . . 1.2.1. Genetics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.2. Physical Forces and Hemodynamics . . . . 1.2.3. Endothelial Dysfunction . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.4. Oxidative Stress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2.5. Humoral and Metabolic Factors . . . . . . . 1.2.6. Calcium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX XXX
Note: Authors from the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute represent themselves and not the opinions of the National Institutes of Health/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension make every effort to avoid any actual or potential conflicts of interest that may arise as a result of an outside relationship or a personal, professional, or business interest of a member of the writing panel. Specifically, all members of the writing group are required to complete and submit a Disclosure Questionnaire showing all such relationships that might be perceived as real or potential conflicts of interest. This document was approved by the American Heart Association Science Advisory and Coordinating Committee on September 22, 2014, by the American College of Cardiology on October 10, 2014, and by the American Society of Hypertension on September 30, 2014. The American Heart Association requests that this document be cited as follows: Rosendorff C, Lackland DT, Allison M, Aronow WS, Black HR, MD, Blumenthal RS, Cannon CP, de Lemos JA, Elliott WJ, Findeiss L, Gersh BJ, Gore JM, Levy D, Long JB, O’Connor CM, O’Gara PT, Ogedegbe O, Oparil S, White WB; on behalf of the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension. Treatment of hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension. Hypertension. 2015;65:XXX–XXX. This article has been copublished in Circulation, the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, and the Journal of the American Society of Hypertension. Copies: This document is available on the World Wide Web sites of the American Heart Association (my.americanheart.org), the American College of Cardiology (www.cardiosource.org), and the American Society of Hypertension (http://www.ash-us.org/). A copy of the document is available at http:// my.americanheart.org/statements by selecting either the “By Topic” link or the “By Publication Date” link. To purchase additional reprints, call 843-2162533 or e-mail kelle.ramsay@wolterskluwer.com. Expert peer review of AHA Scientific Statements is conducted by the AHA Office of Science Operations. For more on AHA statements and guidelines development, visit http://my.americanheart.org/statements and select the “Policies and Development” link. Permissions: Multiple copies, modification, alteration, enhancement, and/or distribution of this document are not permitted without the express permission of the American Heart Association. Instructions for obtaining permission are located at http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/General/CopyrightPermission-Guidelines_UCM_300404_Article.jsp. A link to the “Copyright Permissions Request Form” appears on the right side of the page. (Hypertension. 2015;65:000-000. DOI: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000018.) © 2015 by the American Heart Association, Inc., the American College of Cardiology Foundation, and American Society of Hypertension, Inc. Hypertension is available at http://hyper.ahajournals.org DOI: 10.1161/HYP.0000000000000018
Clive Rosendorff, MD, PhD, DScMed, FAHA, FACC, FASH, Chair; Daniel T. Lackland, DrPH, FAHA, FASH, Co-Chair; Matthew Allison, MD, FAHA; Wilbert S. Aronow, MD, FAHA, FACC; Henry R. Black, MD, FAHA, FASH; Roger S. Blumenthal, MD, FAHA, FACC; Christopher P. Cannon, MD, FAHA, FACC; James A. de Lemos, MD, FAHA, FACC; William J. Elliott, MD, PhD, FASH; Laura Findeiss, MD, FAHA; Bernard J. Gersh, MB ChB, DPhil, FAHA, MACC; Joel M. Gore, MD, FAHA, FACC; Daniel Levy, MD, FACC; Janet B. Long, MSN, FAHA; Christopher M. O’Connor, MD, FACC; Patrick T. O’Gara, MD, FAHA, FACC; Olugbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MPH, FASH; Suzanne Oparil, MD, FAHA, FACC, FASH; William BFra Baidu bibliotek White, MD, FAHA, FASH; on behalf of the American Heart Association, American College of Cardiology, and American Society of Hypertension Table of Contents