美国社会与文化课程第八章教学PPTChapter 8. Ethnic and Racial Diversity

3.3 1870s—1950s: Racial segregation
“Blacks have nothing but freedom.”
Different means of politically excluding blacks Historical records of the family Literacy test Segregation in education, transport, housing, restaurants, sports facilities… Politically free, but economic slaves
White people have found it easier to assimilate.
1.1 Melting pot—National identity
Indistinguishable
1.2 A salad bowl
Each culture is identifiable. Cultural pluralism
Ku Klux Klan
3.4 The Civil Rights Movement
Supreme Court Case of Brown vs. Board of Education, 1954
Rosa Parks
Martin Luther King, Jr.(1929-1968): assimilation
5. Lingering Segregation
America as segregated as it has ever been Between different racial and ethic groups, especially for blacks and Hispanics Residential patterns The first universal nation in history?
Seen as a threat Language and citizenship classes offering little real help Role of “political bosses”, criticized but having performed an important function
4. Chinese Americans
The Gold Rush
The Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882
Influential Chinese
赵小兰（Elaine Chao）： Secretary of Labor(2001-2009)
朱棣文（Steven Chu): Nobel Prize in Physics (1997), Secretary of Energy（2009-2013） 骆家辉（Gary Locke): Governor of Washington (1997-2005), Secretary of Commerce (20092011), Ambassador to China (2011-2014)
Chapter 8
Ethnic and Racial Diversity
Content
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Melting Pot or Salad Bowl The dominant culture African-American experience Chinese-American experience Lingering segregation
3.2 Slavery and the Civil War
Election of Lincoln in 1860 Southern secession, and the Civil War Emancipation Proclamation, January 1, 1863 Thirteenth Amendment, 1865, abolishing slavery Fourteenth Amendment, 1868, granting blacks citizenship
English-speaking, western European, Protestant, and middle-class
Assimilation of non-protestant, nonWestern-European whites
At the turn of the 20th century: Southern and eastern Europeans Catholics and Jews
3. The African-American experience
3.1 pre-1860s Slavery and conflict with traditional American values
White opinions: Minority—abolition Majority—protection for white people only, but afraid of slavery taking away their economic freedom Lincoln appealing to both and the Civil War
1.3 A mosaic / rainbow culture
Mutual respect and appreciation
2. The dominant culture
A dominant culture defined by the white population, in greater numbers, with money and political power WASPs
源自文库
1. Melting Pot or Salad Bowl
Process of assimilation: various elements integrated as part of a common cultural life with commonly shared values Melting pot vs. Salad bowl vs. Mosaic
Malcolm X (1925-1965): separation
Influential blacks
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 The Voting Rights Act of 1965
Affirmative Action
Obama and Susan Rice