口译教程9

Module 9 Interpreter’s professional code of conduct

I Theory and skills

口译是集知识与技能、脑力与体力为一体的工作。口译是一种服务，既然是服务，就有好坏优劣之分。译员作为这种服务的提供者，主观上自然愿意为社会提供最优质的服务，并期待在此过程中，体现自我价值，得到相应的回报。然而，各方沟通不够、产生认识差距，或者译员行为失范，都可能导致交际受损甚至失败。为了促进行业的健康发展，社会需要加深对口译工作性质的认识，更重要的是译员要加强自律，了解并严格遵守口译的职业道德规范。

除了口译界普遍认同的《国际会议口译工作者协会关于职业道德准则的规定》外，世界各国如澳大利亚、英国、法国各国也制定了各自的职业道德准则。经国家标准化管理委员会批准，中国于2004年6月起开始实施《翻译服务规范∙第一部分笔译》（Specification for Translation Service Part 1: Translation），以规范翻译企业的服务。相信随着中国口译市场的不断发展，关于口译部分的服务规范也将问世。

在参照国外多版本的口译职业道德准则的基础上，我们认为要成为合格的译员，树立良好的职业形象，至少要遵守以下几条准则：

•量力而行，有所为有所不为。不承担超出自己能力范围的口译工作，即便对方提出的报酬非常诱人。

•保证质量。译员在翻译过程中，要全面、准确、清楚地表述和传达发言人的信息、意愿和情感。如出现漏译和误译，应酌情给予纠正和补救。

•保持中立，不对发言人、发言内容和表达的观点进行任何评论。

•坚持操守，秉公办事。译员不应借助或利用口译工作与他人接触的机会或其他有利条件谋取私利。

•口译过程中应精神饱满，保持最佳的工作状态。同时要有良好的心态和足够的耐心，不论出现何种情况，应避免与发言人和听众当面发生冲突或争执。

•信守和约，保守机密。译员应严格遵守与组织者或客户事前签定的服务合同或口头达成的约定，并在必要时提醒对方遵守。如果出现问题，应及时与组织者沟通。译

员有责任替服务对象保守机密，不得向外部透露翻译内容。在服务对象要求译员签

署保密协定时，译员不应拒绝。

•没有组织者的同意，不得将其交给自己的口译任务私自转给他人。

II Skills practices

Teaching tips: Interpreters, in-house, freelance or part-time, are service providers and they need to discipline themselves to make sure the service they offer is of high quality and up to the expectations of clients. The guidelines and principles laid down in Section 1 are a summary of our experience working as interpreters with reference to some codes of ethics or codes of conduct for interpreters in some countries such as Britain and Australia. The teacher may invite one or two practicing interpreters in their own localities to give lectures on codes of ethics as well as on how to build up an interpreting career covered in Section 3. In the meantime, the teacher can share his experience in this area with his students.

9.1 Hackers attack Macintosh OS X operating system

词汇与短语

Hacker 黑客

operating system 操作系统

anti-virus software 杀病毒软件

Symantec Corp. 赛门铁克公司

safe haven 安全避难处

malicious code 恶意代码

vulnerability 漏洞

Mac mini 迷你Mac(苹果机)

display 显示器

keyboard 键盘

security-savvy users 安全意识高的用户

patch 补丁

glitch 缺陷

Many users of Apple Computer’s Macintosh OS X operating system believe that the Mac platform is virtually immune to attack. But a recent report from anti-virus software vendor Symantec Corp. shows that contrary to popular belief, hacker attacks on the system are on the rise. It is no longer a safe haven for malicious code and is increasingly becoming a target for the malicious activity that is more commonly associated with Microsoft and various Unix-based operating systems. //

While Microsoft’s Windows operating system runs on more than 90 percent of the world’s personal computers, the Macintosh operating system, the current version of which is based on the Unix operating system, has less than 5 percent of the global market for computer operating systems. It is true that all the platforms have vulnerabilities –weaknesses that leave the system open to malicious software attacks. But why is it that Mac, with such a small market share, has become a target? //

According to Symantec, Apple’s recent introduction of the Mac mini, a computer sold at the price of USD500 without a display, keyboard or mouse could actually increase the likelihood of more malicious software computer code targeting the Mac platform. “The market penetration of Macintosh platforms will be accelerated by the much lower priced Mac mini, which may be purchased by less security-savvy users. As a result, the number of vulnerabilities can be expected to increase, as will malicious activity that targets them,”the report says. //

Symantec says in 2004 it documented 37 high-vulnerabilities in Mac OS X. They have been confirmed by the vendor, which, in the Apple case, almost always means that the company has released a patch –a small piece of software designed to shore up a vulnerability or to fix other software glitches. //