3_Lecture_Three_Chapter_Two英汉译汉教程

Part Part Part Part Part
One : Studies of the English Language Two : Studies of the Chinese Language Three: Specimen Reading Four : English vs. Chinese Five : Assignments
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
Concrete vs. Abstract
1. The sight and sound of our jet planes filled me with longing. special longing. 看到我们的喷气式飞机，听见隆隆的机声，令我特别神 往。 2. A glance through his office window offers a panora mic view of the Washington Monument and the Linc oln Memorial. 从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪 念馆的全景。
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
2.2 Studies of the Chinese Language
Sunday, September 12, 2010
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Some Major Factors Affecting the Chinese Language
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
Impersonal vs. PersoBaidu Nhomakorabeaal
这些年来，我工资至少有三分之一是花在买书上的。 These years, I have spent at least one third of my salary on (buying) books. These years, at least one third of my salary has b een spent on books. These years, books have cost at least one third of my salary. These years, books have eaten into at least one t hird of my salary. Sunday, September 12, 2010
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
1450一1750) 5. Early modern English (c. 1450 1750) The Renaissance, the Elizabethan era and Shak “standardized fixed” espeare “standardized and fixed” 1750一1950) 6. Modern English (c. 1750 1950) “the Industrial Revolution “the international langu age ” 1950一） 7. Late modern English (c. 1950 “dominant dominant” American English “dominant”
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
Concrete vs. Abstract
3. He had surfaced with less visibility in the policy deci sion. sion. (B.Barnhart, P55) 在决策过程中，他已经不那么抛头露面了。 4. She wondered whether her outspokenness might be a liability to Franklin. (The Glory and the Dream) 她怀疑自己那么心直口快，是否会成为弗兰克林的包袱 5. When young he quitted his home and traveled to th e metropolis, which he reached in a state of almost utter destitution. 年青时代，他背井离乡，徒步来到首都，几乎身无分文
（l）Feudal Society(封建社会) 尊崇先圣先王，注重经籍古书 文言文、骄体文、八股文 （2）Opium War(鸦片战争) 借鉴拉丁语法的第一部汉语语法:《马氏文通》 （3）May 4th Movement (“五四”运动) 反对文言文，提倡白话文 （4）New China(新中国) 大陆:白话+简体 VS 港澳台:白话+文言+繁体 Notes: Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism 儒、道、佛(古代思想领域 )
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
1 Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in stud y. 学习中独立思考是绝对必须的。 success. 2 This experiment was a success. 这个实验很成功。 3 As he is a perfect stranger in the city, I hope you will give him the necessary help. 他对这城市完全陌生，所以我希望你能给他必要的帮助
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
English Traits( Continued)
a people scattered by their wars and affairs over the face of the w hole earth, and homesick to a man; 人民为战争和政治驱散到世界各地，而又无一不患思乡病。 a country of extremes — dukes and Chartists, Bishops of Durham and naked heathen colliers: 国家由极端的成份组成：公爵和宪章派、达勒姆主教和完全不信基督教 的煤矿矿。 — nothing can be praised in it without damning exceptions, and n othing denounced without salvos of cordial praise... 谁也不能赞扬英国的哪一方面，而不遇到一些糟蹋名誉的例外情况；谁 也不能谴责英国的哪一方面，而不遇到一些热情赞美的呼声。……
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
Individual Contributions to the Making of English
1. Chaucer, Geoffrey “Father of English Poetry”: The Canterbury Tale s 2. Shakespeare, William “Maker of English” 3. The Bible Translators 4. Wordsworth, William 5. Webster, Noah 6. Mencken, Henry
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
2 Impersonal vs. Personal
English Impersonal: Passive, sentences begin with introductory, abstr act nouns as subjects Chinese Personal： Personal subjectActives, personal (animate) subjects, subject-o mitted
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
2.1 Studies of the English Language
Sunday, September 12, 2010
English College
2.1 External History: Historical Information
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
Specimen Reading
Sunday, September 12, 2010
English Traits(P36)
(Excerpts) Ralph Waldo Emerson 英国人的特色（节录）（美）拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生 · · The English composite character betrays a mixed origin. 英国人复合的性格说明他们的来源混杂。 Everything English is a fusion of distant and antagonistic elements. 英国的每一事物都是相距甚远或敌性的诸因素的融合。 The language is mixed; the names of men are of different nations — thre e languages, three or four nations — the currents of thought are counter: 英语是混成的，英国人的姓名来自不同的民族—— ——三种语言混成，三、四种民 —— 族思想潮流是交叉的： contemplation and practical skill; active intellect and dead conservatism; worldworld-wide enterprise and devoted use and wont; aggressive freedom and classhospitable law, with bitter class-legislation; 静观默想和实用技能；活的智力和死的保守主义；全球创业和恪守习惯；不容 侵犯的自由和容许修改的法律（有时是严酷的阶级性立法）。
EnglishEnglish-Chinese Translation 英译汉教程
Lecture Three
Lecturer： 童洁萍） Lecturer：Tracy （童洁萍）
Sunday, September 12, 2010
Chapter Two :Contrastive Studies of English and Chinese
＊The Seven Ages of English The Preperiod（－c. AD 450) 1. Pre-English period c. The local languages: Celtic Roman invasion : Lati n English（450 450－c. 2.Early Old English 450 c. 850) AngloInvasion of Anglo-Saxons 850一1100) 3.Later Old English (c. 850 1100) Invasions and settlements from Scandinavia English(c.1100一1450) 4. Middle English(c.1100 1450) Norman conquest French
English College Sunday, September 12, 2010
2.3 English vs. Chinese
Sunday, September 12, 2010
1 Concrete vs. Abstract
Chinese (Confucian Culture ) : Human beings as th e center, full of humanism concrete ,specific words Westerners (Christian Culture ):Objects as the impo rtant part abstract diction and nominalization 西方人的思维:更加注重客观思维 : 中国人主观思维，强调人与自然的和谐。