动词不定式导学案

Module 4 Grammar

the infinitive

班级：组号：____ 姓名：____________

【学习目标】

1.学习动词不定式的四种形式：一般式，进行式，完成式和否定式。

2. 学习动词不定式的句法功能：作主语，作宾语，作宾语补足语，作表语，作定语以及作状语。

【学习重难点】

1.能根据不同题目熟练运用动词不定式的各种形式。

2.能明白动词不定式在句子中充当的成分。

【学法指导】

根据例句自学总结出动词不定式的形式及功能，并且根据课本讲解和练习题熟练掌握动词不定式。

【学习过程】

Step1.阅读下列句子，请注意划线部分单词并体会其用法。

【课文原句】1. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem.

【解析】动词不定式to solve在句子中作定语。

【课文原句】2. The wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.

【解析】动词不定式to move在句子中作状语。

【课文原句】3. To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.

【解析】动词不定式to have been caught在句子中作主语。

【课文原句】4. Traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.

【解析】动词不定式to see在句子中作宾语。

【课文原句】5. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not

to go out.

【解析】动词不定式to go out在句子中作宾语补足语。

Step2.由此可以得出结论：

1.请依照以上例句完成下列表格：

2.动词不定式可以在句子中作主语、、、、。Step

3.【语法详析】

Ⅰ. 动词不定式的时态。

1. 动词不定式的一般式(to do)所表示的动作通常与谓语动词所表示的动作(或状态)同时发生, 或是在它之后发生。

【练习】

*We decided ________(talk)to some students about why they go there.

*It made us very angry ______(hear)him talk like that.

2.动词不定式的进行式to be doing表示不定式的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

【练习】

*He seems to (eat) something.

*He pretended (do) his lessons when his mother came in.

3.动词不定式的完成式to have done表示不定式的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。

【练习】

*I’m so happy (complete) the difficult task.

*He seems to (win) the 400-meters race competition. Ⅱ。动词不定式的句法功能。

详见<<课时讲练通>>60页讲解。

请判断动词不定式在下列句子中作什么成分：

1.To learn an art is very hard. （）

2.It’s hard to say which lifestyle is better.（）

3.Our duty is to help the young children to grow better.（）

4.He seemed to know everything about this matter.（）

5.I really like to watch football matches.（）

6.How I wish to see my ole friends again.（）

7.I told Jeff to join the club, but he wouldn’t listen.（）

8.These pictures made me think of my childhood.（）

9.Have you got anything to do this evening?（）

10.The little girl has a wish to see the sea.（）

Step4.【巩固运用】

用所给动词(短语)的适当形式填空

1. We decided ________(talk)to some students about why they go there.

2. It made us very angry ______(hear)him talk like that.

3. They found it impossible ______(get)everything ready in time.

4. Please remember ________(turn off)the light when you leave.

5. The books are not allowed __________(take out)of the room.

6. He is looking for a room ________(live in).

7. He bought a bicycle ______(go)to town more quickly.

8. They thought it a pity ____________(not invite)her.

9. Did you notice him _______(leave)the room?