公共政策 复习资料 Public policy 双语

要求用题目相应的语言回答各题：

1.Please give some reasons that we should learn the public policy.

随着科技和交通的发展，社会越来越相互依存，流动性越来越大，我们需要对公共政策问题有更多的认识。As society

becomes increasingly interdependent and mobile because of changes in transportation and communication,

people will need to be even more knowledgeable about public policy issues.

我们可以在国家、省市、地方和社区层面都发现公共政策问题。Public policy issues at national level, provincial level,

local level and community level.

公共政策如今日益重要，原因如下：public policy is more important now than ever before for a variety of

reasons:

从科学角度看，更好地理解公共政策的成因与结果，有助于制定更好的政策，从而达致“良好的政府”。From a purely

scientific perspective, a better understanding of the causes and consequences of public policy would allow

experts to make policy recommendations that might improve the performance of governments in an area in

which the public is demanding “better”government.

从政治角度看，公共政策信息可以帮助我们知道哪个地方的政府能有效地减缓公共政策问题，那个政客/议员真正代表

公共利益。From a political perspective, this information would help to identify which provinces or cities are

more successful, or are lagging behind, in their efforts to alleviate public policy problems.

从实际的角度看，一个人理解了公共政策过程就可以知道如何去影响公共政策。From a practical perspective, one

understand the nature of the policy process so that one may influence public policy if one so desires.

在新世纪，公众将越来越多地卷入公共政策过程。During the new century, the public will be increasingly involved

in the public policy process.

l To study politics: governmental institutions, that is, federalism, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, the powers and duties of Congress, the president, and the courts, these insititutional arrangements, processes and the philosophical justification of government.

l To descripe and explain the causes and consequences of public policy: the content of public policy, the impact of social, economic, and political forces on the content of public policy, the institutional arrangements and political process on public policy, an evaluation of the consequences of public policies on society.

l To improve our scientific understanding: improve our knowledge of society, help us learn about the linkages between social and economic conditions in society, the responses and effects of government and their activities on these conditions, the ideas and methods of economics, sociology, anthropology, psychology, history, law, public adminstration, political science.

l To produce professional advice: the solution of practical problems and the ills of society, the professional advice to solve question and reach desired goals, the application of knowledge about policy than the development of scientific theory.

l To put forward policy recommendation: to ensure that the nation adopts the right policies to achieve the right goals, to inform political discussion, advance political awareness and to impove the quality of public