正常妊娠和胎儿畸形超声诊断英文课件
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a center position relative to endometrium Contour: smooth Wall: echogenic; 3 mm of more in thickness
Internal landmarks: yalk sac present when gestational sac is larger than 10 mm; embryo present when gestational sac is larger than 18 mm
Estimate gestational age for patients with uncertain dates
Evaluate uterine size and clinical date discrepancies
Evaluate fetal growth Estimate fetal weight Determine fetal presentation Evaluate fetal life
Growth: 1 mm per day (range: 0.7 mm to 1.5 mm per day)
4-5 weeks pregnant In the gestational sac we can see a embryo point, the earliest embryo.
7 weeks pregnant
Fetus is about 4 mm，we can see apparent heart throb, and small limb bud .
8 weeks pregnant Three-dimensional ultrasound show its beginning
of the shape of a human.
12 weeks pregnant The spine is identifiable , as the two bead-like high
echo-level. Ears, limbs, bones can be shown and measurement.
The Second- and Third-Trimester ( Metaphase and terminal prengancy)
Midpregnancy:13-27 weeks pregnancy.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱLatepregnancy:More than 28 weeks of
pregnancy.
Ultrasound of the Second and Third Trimesters
Indications for Second- and Third-Trimester
Ultrasonography on
Obstetrics
正常妊娠和胎儿畸形超声诊断
The role of Ultrasound in Obstetrics
Obstetric common diseases
1、 Normal pregnancy(正常妊娠) 2、 Abnormal pregnancy（异常妊娠） 3、 Trophoblastic disease(滋养细胞疾病) 4、 Placental abnormality(胎盘异常) 5、 Fetal malformation(胎儿畸形)
Nonage pregnancy
(First-Trimester)
Definition ：Pregnancy before 12 weekend.
The Normal First Trimester
5 weeks pregnant— Gestational sac；
6-7 weeks pregnant— Germ; 7-8 Weeks —Primitive heart
tube pulse； 8-11 weeks — Yolk sac; 9 weeks — Embryonic,
placenta.
Sonographic Features of a Normal Gestational Sac
Shape: round or oval Position: fundal or middle portion of uterus;
provide adjunct to amniocentesis, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling procedure, or cerclage placement
Umbilical bord
Embryonic head
Embryonic abdomen
Yolk sac Embronic head Amniotic sac
9 weeks pregnant Known as a fetal，Development of the various parts of the fetus, tends to improve.
Indications for First-Trimester Sonography
Confirm presence of intrauterine pregnancy Evaluate for suspected ectopic pregnancy Define cause of vaginal bleeding Determine gestational age Confirm suspected multiple gestations Aid in invasive procedures Evaluate pelvic masses Detect uterine abnormalities
Natural pregnancy
TRIMESTERS
First trimester = 0 to 12 weeks of gestation Second trimester = 13 to 26 weeks of gestation Third trimester = 27 to 42 weeks of getsation Postterm pregnancy = >42 weeks of gestation
Internal landmarks: yalk sac present when gestational sac is larger than 10 mm; embryo present when gestational sac is larger than 18 mm
Estimate gestational age for patients with uncertain dates
Evaluate uterine size and clinical date discrepancies
Evaluate fetal growth Estimate fetal weight Determine fetal presentation Evaluate fetal life
Growth: 1 mm per day (range: 0.7 mm to 1.5 mm per day)
4-5 weeks pregnant In the gestational sac we can see a embryo point, the earliest embryo.
7 weeks pregnant
Fetus is about 4 mm，we can see apparent heart throb, and small limb bud .
8 weeks pregnant Three-dimensional ultrasound show its beginning
of the shape of a human.
12 weeks pregnant The spine is identifiable , as the two bead-like high
echo-level. Ears, limbs, bones can be shown and measurement.
The Second- and Third-Trimester ( Metaphase and terminal prengancy)
Midpregnancy:13-27 weeks pregnancy.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱLatepregnancy:More than 28 weeks of
pregnancy.
Ultrasound of the Second and Third Trimesters
Indications for Second- and Third-Trimester
Ultrasonography on
Obstetrics
正常妊娠和胎儿畸形超声诊断
The role of Ultrasound in Obstetrics
Obstetric common diseases
1、 Normal pregnancy(正常妊娠) 2、 Abnormal pregnancy（异常妊娠） 3、 Trophoblastic disease(滋养细胞疾病) 4、 Placental abnormality(胎盘异常) 5、 Fetal malformation(胎儿畸形)
Nonage pregnancy
(First-Trimester)
Definition ：Pregnancy before 12 weekend.
The Normal First Trimester
5 weeks pregnant— Gestational sac；
6-7 weeks pregnant— Germ; 7-8 Weeks —Primitive heart
tube pulse； 8-11 weeks — Yolk sac; 9 weeks — Embryonic,
placenta.
Sonographic Features of a Normal Gestational Sac
Shape: round or oval Position: fundal or middle portion of uterus;
provide adjunct to amniocentesis, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling procedure, or cerclage placement
Umbilical bord
Embryonic head
Embryonic abdomen
Yolk sac Embronic head Amniotic sac
9 weeks pregnant Known as a fetal，Development of the various parts of the fetus, tends to improve.
Indications for First-Trimester Sonography
Confirm presence of intrauterine pregnancy Evaluate for suspected ectopic pregnancy Define cause of vaginal bleeding Determine gestational age Confirm suspected multiple gestations Aid in invasive procedures Evaluate pelvic masses Detect uterine abnormalities
Natural pregnancy
TRIMESTERS
First trimester = 0 to 12 weeks of gestation Second trimester = 13 to 26 weeks of gestation Third trimester = 27 to 42 weeks of getsation Postterm pregnancy = >42 weeks of gestation