语法翻译法和听说法

Types of pattern drills in AL
The use of drills and pattern practice is a distinctive feature of the Audio-lingual method. 1 Repetition The students repeats an utterance aloud as soon as he has heard it without looking at the printed text. 2 Inflection One word in an utterance appears in another inflectional form when repeated. eg, she likes they like this is these are
3 Replacement One word in an utterance is replaced by another. The old man He Boss Helen 4 Restatement The student rephrase an utterance and addresses it to sb else. Tell him wait for you. Wait for me 5 Completion The students hears an utterance that is incomplete, then he complete the sentence. I will go my way and you go….. I will go my way and you go yours.
9 Transformation A sentence is made by being made negative or interrogative or through changes in tense, mood, voice, aspect, or modality. He knows my address. He doesn’t know my address. 10 Integration Two separate utterances are integrated into one. 11 Rejoinder The students makes an appropriate rejoinder to a given utterance. ( Agree) This is a good coffee. Yes, you are right. 12 Restoration The students is given a sequence of words to reconstruct the sentence. Students/waiting/bus The students are waiting for the bus.
Audio Lingual Method Listening and speaking Conversations and Pattern drills by reinforceis more practical in use) More practical as the cultural aspect of the language is involved , more communicative Target language Inductive method
Comparison between GT and AL method
Method Teaching focus Teaching activities Language ability Teaching practicality Language medium Grammar teaching
Grammatical Translation method
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Vocabulary selection is based solely on the reading texts used. In a typical GT text, the grammar rules are presented and illustrated, a list of vocabulary items are presented with their translation equivalents, and translation exercises are prescribed. The sentence is the basic unit of teaching and language practice. Accuracy is emphasized. Grammar is taught deductively. The students’ native language is the medium of the instruction.
The acceptability of AL
• In China, students who are struggling in learning English tend to fail in their speaking and listening ability generatively. This may lead to the dump or deaf English learners. In my opinion, AL method should be incorporated in the teaching method of contemporary language teaching field , at least in the speaking class.
A video of classical AL class
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• What do you think of the method?
Grammar Translation Method & Audio-Lingual Method
S201118005 贺霞
Brief Review of the 2 methods
Characteristics of GT method 1. Grammar-translation is a way of studying a language that approaches the language first through detailed analysis of its grammar rules, followed by application of this knowledge to the task of translating sentences and texts into and out of the target language. 2. Reading and writing are the major focus, little or no systematic attention is paid to speaking or listening.
6 Transposition A change in word order is necessary when a word is added. I am hungry . (so) ---- so am I . 7 Expansion when a word is added it takes a certain place in the sequence. It is cozy to bask in the sun. I think it is quite cozy to bask in the sun. 8 Contraction A single word stands for a phrase or clause. Put your hands on the table. Put your hands there.
Characteristics of AL method
1. Listening and speaking are prior to writing and reading. Ss be taught with the target language directly, without using the Ss’ native language to explain new words and grammar. 2. Repeated drills to develop a language habit through reinforcement. (behaviorism) 3. Pattern drills to develop the students’ language ability. (structuralism) 4. Vocabulary is secondary to phonological and grammatical systems
The acceptability of GT method
Grammar translation method is a good alternative when there is no culture equivalent objects or abstract ideas in the native language. For example, 1. When the tenses of English is taught, students will be very confused because every language has different means to refer to time. It is better to use GT method to get students understand and practice these grammatical framework. 2. Take an example of the abstract word. Idea : a picture in the mind( Longman Dictionary of the Contemporary English) This definition is quite hard to grasp and may lead to misunderstanding, however, by explaining in Chinese“思想， 概念”, it become much easier to comprehend.
Reading and writing Grammar teaching Translation from word to word Accuracy (good grammar at the cost of fluency) Too much interference from the mother tongue, lack of communicative use. Native language Deductive method