高三一轮复习定语从句总结

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高三定语从句知识点总结

高三定语从句知识点总结

高三定语从句知识点总结高三学生在英语学习中,定语从句是一个相对复杂的语法点。

准确理解和掌握定语从句的用法和结构对于正确运用此类句型至关重要。

本文将对高中阶段常见的定语从句知识点进行总结,旨在帮助同学们更好地学习和运用定语从句。

一、定语从句的定义与作用定语从句是包含在主句中的一个从句,用来修饰主句中的名词或代词,起到进一步限定、说明、描绘其特征或属性的作用。

二、定语从句的引导词常见的引导词有关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词包括that, which, who, whom, whose等;关系副词包括when, where, why等。

三、定语从句的结构和用法1. 关系代词引导的定语从句,在定语从句中充当句子成分。

例如:The book that/which I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书很有趣。

2. 关系代词和关系副词的选择取决于其在定语从句中所充当的角色。

例如:John is the boy who/that won the prize.约翰是那个获得奖金的男孩。

3. 定语从句中的关系代词或关系副词可省略。

例如:This is the house (which/that) I used to live in.这是我曾经住过的房子。

4. 关系代词whose用于表示所属关系,修饰物或人。

例如:Peter is the boy whose father is a doctor.彼得是个父亲是医生的男孩。

5. 关系副词when, where, why引导的定语从句分别表示时间、地点和原因。

例如:I still remember the day when we first met.我仍然记得我们第一次见面的那一天。

四、特殊情况下的定语从句1. 在非限制性定语从句中,通常用逗号将其与主句分开。

例如:My brother, who is a teacher, lives in Beijing.我的哥哥是个老师,住在北京。

【一轮复习】高考英语一轮复习语法专题(二)定语从句-关系代词(1)

【一轮复习】高考英语一轮复习语法专题(二)定语从句-关系代词(1)

高考英语一轮复习语法专题(二)定语从句------关系代词Attributive clauses一、什么是定语(attribute)?定义:定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分。

He is an honest boy.We love our country.I know the girl in red.位置:单个的词作定语时,放在被修饰的名词前面;短语或从句作定语时,放在被修饰的词后面。

二、定语从句1.在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句(句意:“……的”)2.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词”3.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。

He is an Chinese teacherwho likes singing songs.该句中,teacher 是先行词,who是关系代词,who likes singing songs 叫做定语从句三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。

四、定语从句中的关系词关系代词:who、whom、whose、which、that关系副词:where﹑when﹑why关系代词(who, whom, which, that, whose)的指代关系关系代词的三个作用:1. 引导定语从句。

2. 代替先行词。

3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。

关系词:指人:who、that、whom 、whose指物:which、that、whose例:1.The girl is from America.I called her just now.我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。

→The girl (whom/that/whoI called just now ) is from America. whom/that/who代替the girl,作定语从句中的宾语2. They’re talking about the film.I have seen the film.他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。

高考英语一轮复习语法知识必备:06.定语从句

高考英语一轮复习语法知识必备:06.定语从句

(3)先行词是形容词的最高级或序数词或被形容词的最高级、序数词修饰时。 That is the best film that has ever been shown so far in the city. When it comes to Jinan, the first that comes to mind is the spring water. (4)先行词既有人又有物时。 My mother and her old friends talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school. (5)主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate?
【要点归纳】
关系代词 who whom
whose(=of whom/of which)
that which
as
先行词 人 人
关系代词一览表 句法功能
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语 宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)
人或物
定语
人或物 物
人或物
主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略)、表语 主语、宾语(限制性定语从句中可省略) 主语、宾语、表语
④(2024·济南模拟) The night market, _w_h_o_s_e__flexibility provides more employment alternatives for job-seekers, has brought joy and fun for consumers. ⑤(2024·焦作模拟) As a symbol of ancient Chinese civilization, the Great Wall is one of the world’s oldest and most magnificent (壮丽的) man-made scenes, _w__h_ic_h__ has a long history.

高考英语一轮复习之定语从句详细解析讲义

高考英语一轮复习之定语从句详细解析讲义

2024年高中英语一轮复习之定语从句详细解析一.定义 :在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

二.特点:1.先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词2.关联词 :1)引出定语从句,并作从句的一个成分。

可作主语、宾语、定语、状语,作宾语可省略.2)关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。

关联词位于先行词和定语从句之间。

关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose 代指先行词二、关系副词:when,wherewhy作时间状语三.基本结构:先行词+关联词+定语从句剩余部分四.关系代词的用法:1.that 和whichthat指人或物,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能Which 指物,不指人,作主语或宾语,作宾语可省略,主语不能。

His father works in a factory that/which makes TV sets.Who was hurt in the accident that/which happened yesterday?The coat (which/that) I put on the desk is black.注意:The roomin which Ilive is verybig.(在个词后面不能用that)2.只能用that不能用which引导的定语从句:1)先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,定语从只能用thatThis is the most interesting story (that) I have ever heard.2)先行词被序数词修饰时,定语从句只能用thatThe children like the second lesson that is about "The Football Match"3)先行词被the only,the very 或the same等修饰,定语从句只能用that引导It is the only word (that) I know in the passage.Where is the very book (that) I bought just now?This is the (same) bicycle (that) I lost.4)先行词为everything,something ,anything ,all,none,much, little, few等不定代词定语从句只能用that时时。

高考英语一轮复习语法第十二讲定语从句

高考英语一轮复习语法第十二讲定语从句

[规律总结] (1)who和whom指人,who在定语从句中作主语; whom在定语从句中作宾语,在限制性定语从句中可省 略。在口语中可用who代替whom。 (2)whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语,指物时常 可用of which取代。
2.that, which引导定语从句 ①All the guests that were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。 ②The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。 ③Until now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, which is quite unexpected. (四川高考单选改编) 到现在为止,我们已经为贫穷的孩子募捐到了五万英 镑,这一点是完全没有预料到的。
பைடு நூலகம்
[规律总结] 1.若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用 whom,指物时常用which。另外,whose也可以放在介词 后,即“介词+whose+名词”结构。 2.“介词+关系词”结构中介词的选用 (1)一般来说,确定关系代词前的介词,可以从以下 三方面入手: ①先行词的意义; ②从句中的动词或形容词与先行词的固定搭配; ③句子的意思。
③Do you know the reason why he is absent? 你知道他缺席的原因吗? ④Is this the reason (that) he explained for his rudeness at the meeting? 这是他在会议上解释的无礼的原因吗? ⑤We'll see a case where the music could cure the patients. 我们将看一个音乐能治愈病人的例子。

高考英语一轮复习:定语从句知识整理

高考英语一轮复习:定语从句知识整理

高中语法专项定语从句专题思维导图:1. 定义:在复合句中充当定语的从句,即一个句子作定语(=形容词)。

2. 关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语3. 关系副词在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语1. 关系代词who, whom, which, that, whose, as4. 限制性定语从句 2. 关系副词when, where, why定语从句 3. 从句对先行词起修饰限定作用,二者关系密切1. 关系代词who, whom, which, whose, as5. 非限制性定语从句 2. 关系副词when, where, why3. 从句只对先行词起补充说明作用,主从句常用逗号隔开定语从句一定没有what和how,非限制性定语从句一定没有that。

1.关系代词的基本用法2.关系代词that和which的用法区别3.关系代词as和which的用法区别4.关系副词的基本用法5.定语从句的其他用法要点一. 关系代词的基本用法导入:1.He has two sons and both of them are teachers.2.He has two sons, both of whom are teachers.基本用法:注意:(1)关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,不可省略。

在定语从句中作宾语时whom/who/which/that可以省略,as一般不省略。

(2)whose可与of which转换。

Whose = the + 名词+ of whichWhose = of which + the + 名词This is the house whose window broke last night.= This is the house, the window of which broke last night.= This is the house, of which the window broke last night.(3)such....as....结构(as引导定语从句)与such....that...结构(that引导状语从句)的区别例句:1.It is such a big stone as no man can lift.2.It is such a big stone that no one can lift it.二. 关系代词that和which的用法区别1.限制性定语从句中,必须用关系代词that的情况。

高三一轮复习定语从句总结课件

高三一轮复习定语从句总结课件
名词性从句主要用来充当主语、宾语或表语,状语从句则用 来表示时间、条件、让步等关系,而定语从句则主要用于修 饰名词或代词,补充说明其性质和特征。
02
定语从句的分类
限定性定语从句
总结
示例
限定性定语从句对先行词进行限定, 不可省略,否则会影响句子的完整性 。
The man who was standing by the window is my teacher.
例子
I will never forget the days when we spent together.
特殊引导词引导的定语从句
where
01
用于指代地点的先行词
描述
02
当先行词是表示地点的名词或代词,且从句中缺少地点状语时
使用。
例子
03
This is the place where my grandparents used to live.
03
定语从句的引导词
关系代词引导的定语从句
who
用于指代人的先行词
描述
当先行词是表示人的名词或代词,且从句中缺少 主语时使用。
例子
The man who spoke at the meeting is our teacher.
关系副词引导的定语从句
when
用于指代时间的先行词
描述
当先行词是表示时间的名词或代词,且从句中缺少时间状语时使用 。
详细描述
这种类型的定语从句通常包含表示因果或条件的连词(如because、if等),例如“the reason why he was late was that the bus was delayed”表示项
引导词的选择和使用

高考英语一轮复习专题三:定语从句

高考英语一轮复习专题三:定语从句

第五章定语从句He is a man who/that means what he says.他是一个说话算数的人。

The people who/that you met in thecampus yesterday are from England.Is there anyone in your department whose father is a painter?The young man with whom I travelled could speak English.The book which /that you are reading is written by a novelist.★1.This is the room ABC I cleaned just now.This is the room D I stayed just now.A thatB whichC /D where2.I’ll remember the day ABC we spent together.I’ll remember the day D we danced together.A thatB whichC /D when3.This is Mr.smith A teaches English in our school.This is Mr.smith with B we often playbasketball after school.This is Mr.smith C daughter studies in our class.This is our school C teachers are kind and friendly.A whoB whomC whoseD its一.定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的区别关系代词/关系副词:在先行词和定语从句中起连接作用的词,他们代表先行词,同时在从句中担任一定的句子成分.区别一:所指代先行词不同区别二:在句中所担任成分不同1.Is he the man who /that wants to see you?2.He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.3.Please pass me the book whose cover is green.4.The package that/which you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.5.Dong guan is the place where I was born.6.I’ll never forget the day when we first met each other.7.Do you know the reason why he left home early?8.This is the mountain village that/which I visited last year.9.I will show you the point where you fail.10.He had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy.11.I won’t forget the time that/which you have told me.12.There was a time when man ate things raw.(过去有个时期,人类吃生东西)13.She is looking forward to the day when her daughter wins the championship.14.The reason why he can not come is that he is ill.15.The reason that/which he told me is not true.方法一:看定语从句中的谓语动词,如果谓语动词是及物动词而且后面且无宾语必须用关系代词,而不及物动词用关系副词。

高三英语一轮复习---定语从句知识总结

高三英语一轮复习---定语从句知识总结

定语从句(一)基本概念1.由一个句子作定语,修饰句中一个名词或代词,有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容,这样的从句就是定语从句,被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

2.关系词分为两大类,即关系代词和关系副词,其作用一是引出一个定语从句,二是代替其所修饰的先行词,三是在句中充当某个句子成分。

关系词的分类和基本用法本部分的内容比较复杂,为便于考生一目了然,我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。

当关系代词作介词宾语,且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时,介词可以提前,这样就出现“介词+关系代词”。

先行词指物,用“介词+which/whose”,指人则用“介词+whom/whose”, 且两个定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词;但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分,使它与先行词分隔开来,这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句,在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况,在阅读▲定语从句与习惯句型用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整与正确。

①It is the first time _____ she has been in Shanghai.②It was the time _____ Chinese people had a hard life.解析:这里①小题是一个习惯句型,其结构为:It is/was the first/second ...time +that从句。

故①填that,其意为:这是她第一次在上海。

②小题the time是先行词,其后是表示时间的定语从句,故填when。

▲定语从句与简单句用一个恰当的词完成下列句子,使之完整与正确。

①The mother told the lazy boy to work,_____ didn't help.②The mother told the lazy boy to work._____ didn't help.解析:含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于:前者有主句,有从句,必须有关系词;而后者则是两个单独的句子,不需要任何关联词。

高中定语从句知识点归纳

高中定语从句知识点归纳

高中定语从句知识点归纳一、定语从句的概念定语从句是在句子中起定语作用的句子。

它修饰主句中的某个名词或代词,被修饰的名词、代词叫先行词,定语从句总是放在先行词之后,且引导定语从句的关联词必须放在定语从句之首。

二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。

限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。

非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法1.that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。

在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.(玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。

)2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。

作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。

例如:The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.(位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。

)3.who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。

在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。

who和whom作宾语时也可省略。

例如:The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.(经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。

)4.whose用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换),例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

高中英语定语从句知识点总结

高中英语定语从句知识点总结

定语从句是高中英语语法中的一个重要知识点,它用于修饰名词或代词,起到限定或说明的作用。

以下是高中英语定语从句的知识点总结:1. 定语从句的基本结构:定语从句通常由关系代词(who, whom, whose, which, that)或关系副词(when, where, why)引导,它们在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语等成分。

2. 关系代词的用法:- who, whom 用于指人,who 在定语从句中作主语或宾语,whom 在定语从句中作宾语。

- whose 用于指人或物,在定语从句中作定语,表示所属关系。

- which 用于指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。

- that 既可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语。

3. 关系副词的用法:- when 表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。

- where 表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。

- why 表示原因,在定语从句中作原因状语。

4. 定语从句的省略:当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。

5. 定语从句与先行词的隔离:当先行词与定语从句之间被其他词隔开时,可以使用“介词+关系代词”的结构。

6. 定语从句的倒装:当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,有时为了保持句子平衡,可以将定语从句倒装。

7. 定语从句的主谓一致:定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。

8. 非限制性定语从句:非限制性定语从句与先行词之间用逗号隔开,起补充说明的作用。

以上是高中英语定语从句的知识点总结,希望对你有所帮助。

在学习定语从句时,还需要通过大量的练习来巩固和掌握这些知识点。

高考英语语法一轮复习——定语从句讲解(附答案)

高考英语语法一轮复习——定语从句讲解(附答案)

定语从句一、概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

如:I want to marry a rich man.定语I want to marry a man who is tall, rich and handsome. (从句谓语和先行词一致)先行词定语从句定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词;定语从句用关系词(_____________ _____________)来引导,关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作从句中的一个成分。

1)关系代词:______________________________________2)关系副词:______________________________________二、关系词的用法:(一)关系代词的用法:1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语或宾语。

例如:He is the man who/that wants to marry me.他就是那个想娶我的人。

(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I want to marry.他就是我想嫁的那个人。

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)合并:1.The girl is my sister. The girl is standing on the stage._______________________________________________________2.I don’t know the boy. The boy is in blue shirt._______________________________________________________3.My brother likes the singers. The singers write their own music._______________________________________________________翻译:1那就是教我们英语的老师。

定语从句考点归纳 高考英语语法一轮复习

定语从句考点归纳  高考英语语法一轮复习

定语从句考点一. 九大连接词:关系代词who whom whose which that as关系副词when where w hy二. 九大关系词的档案●who1. 关系代词,指人,从句中作主宾,限宾可省,非限不省。

2. ---one, ----body 指人的不定代词作先行词,用who/whom。

3. 先行词是those 指人,用who不用that。

●whom1. 关系代词,指人,从句中作宾语,限宾可省。

2. 先行词是人,介词后作宾语,只能用whom。

3. We showed great pity to the poor old man, for whom life was hard in the past.for whom 后面是完整的句子。

●whose1. 关系代词,指人、物,从句中作定语,后接名词一起引导定语从句,并且名词和先行词有所属关系。

2. whose + n. 可以转换为:the + n. + of / which 或whom;of / which 或whom + the + n.3. Jack was a famous doctor, with the help of whom they succeeded in an operation.with the help of whom = with whose help 后面接完整的句子4. He lives in a house whose windows face south.whose windows = the windows of which / o f which the windows●which1. 关系代词,指物、主句内容,从句中作主宾,限宾可省,介后和非限不省。

2. 指代主句内容时:➢翻译成“这一点,这件事”;➢which引导的从句位置在主句之后;➢主从句常有因果关系。

3. The sports meeting was put off, which astonished us.●that1. 关系代词,指人、物,从句中作主宾,限宾可省,非限禁用。

2024版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题板块4第2讲定语从句教师用书新人教版

2024版高考英语一轮总复习语法专题板块4第2讲定语从句教师用书新人教版

第2讲定语从句考点1 关系代词引导的定语从句1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词先行词在从句中的作用who 人主语、宾语whom 人宾语which 物主语、宾语that 人或物主语、宾语、表语whose 人或物定语as 人或物主语、宾语、表语The air that we breathe in is getting fresher and fresher.我们吸进的空气变得越来越新鲜。

His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week.他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。

2.that和which的用法区别只用that 的情况先行词是all, few, little, much, anything, nothing等不定代词时先行词被the only, the very, the same, all等修饰时先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时先行词既有人又有物时只用which 的情况引导非限制性定语从句时关系代词指物,且前有介词时The result was not the same as they had expected, which was rather disappointing.结果与他们预期的不一样,这让人觉得很失望。

3.as和which的区别as as引导非限制性定语从句,可放在主句前、中、后,as常译为“正如……,正像……”。

从句的谓语动词多为see, know, expect, say, mention, report等which which引导非限制性定语从句修饰前面整个句子时,只能置于主句后,常译为“这一点,这件事”等,which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系“You can't judge a book by its cover,”as the old saying goes.正如老话说的那样:“人不可貌相。

【一轮复习】高考英语一轮复习语法专题(二)定语从句-关系代词

【一轮复习】高考英语一轮复习语法专题(二)定语从句-关系代词

高考英语一轮复习语法专题(二)定语从句------关系代词Attributive clauses一、什么是定语(attribute)?定义:定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分。

He is an honest boy.We love our country.I know the girl in red.位置:单个的词作定语时,放在被修饰的名词前面;短语或从句作定语时,放在被修饰的词后面。

二、定语从句1.在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句(句意:“……的”)2.被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫做“ 先行词”3.引导定语从句的词叫“关系词”。

He is an Chinese teacher who likes singing songs.该句中,teacher 是先行词,who是关系代词,who likes singing songs 叫做定语从句三、定语从句的位置定语从句通常放在被修饰词之后。

四、定语从句中的关系词关系代词:who、whom、whose、which、that关系副词:where﹑when﹑why关系代词(who, whom, which, that, whose)的指代关系关系代词的三个作用:1. 引导定语从句。

2. 代替先行词。

3. 在定语从句中担当一个成分。

关系词:指人:who、that、whom 、whose指物:which、that、whose例:1.The girl is from America.I called her just now.我刚才叫的那个女孩来自美国。

→ The girl (whom/that/who I called just now ) is from America. whom/that/who代替the girl,作定语从句中的宾语2. They’re talking about the film.I have seen the film.他们正在讨论我看过的那部电影。

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