初高中英语衔接-句子成分(共34张PPT)

work harder.
（目的状语）
He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.
（
（结果状语）
She works very hard though she is old.
（让步状语）
• 同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词 或代词，对前者加以说明的成分。如：
和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。 •
He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
• She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
状语
1.用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子， 表示事情发生的时间、地点、原因、结果、 程度等等。
•
状语种类如下： How about meeting again at six?
（时间状语）
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party
because of the rain. （原因状语） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.
注：主语和谓语是句子的主体部分（在英文中一般的句
子必须有主语和谓语）。
• 主语： subject S • 谓语：predicate V • 宾语： object O • 表语：predicative • 定语： attributive • 宾语补足语：object complement • 状语： adverbial
• 7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.
• 8. Lend me your dictionary, please.
• 9. They gave me some money. • 宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及
物动词（vt.）和介词（prep.）后面。
主 谓语
状语
定语 宾语
• 分析句子成分（定状补同位）：
1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.
•
定语
时间状语
2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.
•
定语从句
3 I shall go there if it doesn’t rain
spare time.
同位语
1 When to have an English test has not been decided.
主语(subject) 2 He has caught a bad cold.
谓语(predicate)
3 The truth is that he has never been abroad.
developed country. 定语attributive
7 She came in with a dictionary in her hand.
状语adverbial
句子的分类 （按用途划分）：陈述句;疑问句;祈使句;感 叹句
Do you like football? Tom can speak good English.
3. There are thirty women teachers in our school.
4. HHiiss rapid progress in English made us surprised.
5. Our monitor is always the first one to enter the classroom.
主 谓语
宾语
定语
2. My brother hasn't done his homework.
主语
谓语
定语
3. It is a great pleasure to talk with you .
主
表语
宾语
4. He broke a piece of glass.
主 谓语
宾语

5. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends.
条件状语从句
• 4 Once you begin, you must continue
• 条件状语从句
• 5 We found everything in the lab in good order.
定语
定语
宾语补足语
• 6 His favorite sport,playing volleyball,takes most of his
词短语和从句充当。
• 1. Our teacher of English is an American. • 2. Is it yours? • 3. The weather has turned cold. • 4. The speech is exciting. • 5. Three times seven is twenty one? • 6. His job is to teach English. • 7. HHiiss hhoobbbbyy iiss ppllaayyiinngg ffoooottbbaallll. • 8. The machine must be out of order. • 9. Time is up. The class is over. • 10.The truth is that he is lying.
1. His father named him Dong Ming.
2. They painted their boat white.
3. Let the fresh air in.
4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.
5. We saw her entering the room.
找出句子中的主语
• 1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2. We often speak English in class. 3. One-third of the students in this class are girls. 3. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 4. Smoking does harm to the health. 5. The rich should help the poor. 6. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 7. It is necessary to master a foreign language.
• 表语：1.一般位于系动词后（be动词，五大感官动 词，变化v，保持v)。
•
2.表语一般由名词、形容词表示。
1. GuiLin is a beautiful city.
2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.
• 3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.
• 4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.
• 5. He pretended not to see me. 6. I enjoy listening to popular music.
词性和句子成分
预备知识点一：词类概述 十大词类：
根据英语单词所表达的含义以及在句子中的作用，把英 语单词分为10个类别，即： 名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词、冠词、
介词、连词、感叹词。
根据部分词类具有的共同特征，又将十大词类分为两大 部分，即：实词和虚词
实词：名词、代词、数词、动词、副词、形容词。
1.一般位于句首,动作的发出者。 2.常用名词或相当于名词的词（动词不定时
或动名词）、代词、数词和主语从句充当。
• 1. He practices running every morning.
• 2. You may keep the book for two weeks. 3. He has caught a bad cold.
6. We found everything in the lab in good order.
7. We will soon make our city what your city is now. 宾语补足语
• 1.对宾语起补充说明作用，使句子意义完整。 • 2.结构：Vt + 宾语 + 宾补 （如make等+宾语+宾补） • 3.宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介
• We students should study hard. • We all are students. • The news that we won the first excited us.
练习
说出下列划线部分单词或词组在句子 中各充当什么成分
1. I don't like the picture on the wall.
表语(predicative)
4 The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 宾语object