International Marine Cargo Insurance

The party on whom it falls is entitled to a ratable contribution from the other parties interested, and such contribution is called a general average Contribution.
(3) All Risks (一切险). Aside from the risks covered under
the F. P. A. and W. A. conditions as above, this insurance covers all risks of loss of or damage to the insured goods whether partial or total, arising from general extraneous risks in the course of transit.
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1.
Perils and risks
Perils of the sea Natural calamities: bad weather, thunder and lightening, flood, etc. Fortuitous accidents: being stranded, striking a rock, sinking, etc.
⑥ Losses attributable to discharge of the insured goods at a port of distress (避难港) following a sea peril as well as special charges arising from loading, warehousing and forwarding of the goods at an intermediate port of call (停 泊港) or refuge (避难港).
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⑦ Sacrifice in and contribution to general average and salvage charges.
⑧ Such proportion of losses sustained by the shipowners as is to be reimbursed (偿付) by the cargo owner under the Contract of Affreightment Both to Blame Collision clause (运输契约船舶互撞 责任条款). An ocean marine insurance provision stipulating that upon the collision of two or more ships, when all ships are at fault, all owners and shippers having monetary interests in the voyage of the ships involved must share in all losses in proportion to the monetary values of their interests prior to the occurrence of the collision.
(1)
(2) Extraneous risks General extraneous risks: theft, breakage, leakage, rust, etc.. Special extraneous risks: military affairs, war, strike, etc.
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General average act Extraordinary
Sacrifice or expenditure made for the benefit of all the parties to the common adventure. e.g. Cargo being deliberately cast away; Abnormal consumption of coal in endeavouring to refloat the ship
Salvage Charges
Charges recoverable by salvor independently of contract. For the purpose of averting a peril insured against. Particular charges or general average
Loss caused by or directly consequential on a general average act.
General average
A general average act consists of any sacrifice or expenditure made intentionally and reasonably to preserve property involved in a sea voyage.
Constructive total loss
The loss where an actual total loss appears to be unavoidable or the cost to be incurred in recovering or reconditioning the goods together with the forwarding cost to the destination would exceed their value on arrival.
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2. W/W clause
Insurance coverage of risks to a shipment of goods from the time the goods leave the warehouse for commencement (开始) of transit and continue during ordinary course of transit until delivered to final warehouse at destination, or until the expiration of 60 days as of the moment of the insured goods are unloaded (if the shipment fails to reach the aforesaid warehouse), but with exception that the goods be transported to other place of destination not indicated on the insurance documents.
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(3) Extraneous losses Losses resulted from risks not incidental (伴随而来的) to transport by sea, including losses caused by general extraneous risks and special extraneous
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② Partial loss
Particular average
Partial loss occasioned by some perils insured against; To be sustained exclusively by the person upon whom the damage falls.
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④ Partial or total loss resulting from the falling of entire package or packages into sea during loading, transshipment or discharge. ⑤ Reasonable cost incurred by the insured on salvaging the goods or averting or minimizing a loss recoverable under the Policy, provided that such cost shall not exceed the sum insured of the consignment so saved.
2. Ocean average and charges (1) Average (loss): ① Total loss
Actual total loss
(a) Totally destroyed; (b) so damaged as to cease to be a thing of the kind insured; (c) Irretrievably deprived thereof.
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(2) Sue and labor expenses and salvage charges
Sue and labor expenses
Made in time of peril to avert or minimize any loss of or damage to the insured goods. Not for the benefit of a common adventure. Expenses incurred are recoverable.
Voluntarily and reasonably made