2014届高三英语人教版一轮复习讲义 Book 2 Unit 3 Computers

Unit 3Computers
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．________ (personal)，his ________ (apply) will be turned down by that company.
2．The invention of the computer is the start of ______ (人工的) ________ (智能)．
3．The ________ (technical) of computer is ________(通用的)．
4．Man has already begun to ________ (探索) the moon.The dream of ordinary people visiting the moon will be turned into ________ (现实)．
5．Judging from his ________ (appear)，he must be a man who has a strong ________ (性格)．
Ⅱ.选词填空
get together，make up for，after all，with the help of，go by，watch over
1．Saying you are sorry won’t ________________ the damage of breaking the vase.
2．The doctors and nurses ________________ the seriously wounded worker day and night.
3．Every week they ________________ and compared notes.
4．________________ the computer，it is now easy to deal with and share information.
5．With time ______________，computers are becoming more and more popular.
6．Don’t get discouraged by setbacks；we are new to the work ________________.
Ⅲ.完成句子
1．我花了两个多小时才找到了那家旅馆。

It ____________________________ before I found the hotel.
2．这个问题被认为已解决了。

The problem ______________________ solved.
3．随着时间的推移，情况似乎变得更糟了。

________________________，things seemed to get worse.
4．你的主要任务就是照看好这些孩子。

Your main task is ______________________________________________________.
5．上大学是我一直梦想做的事。

Going to university is _______________________________________________________.
Ⅳ.单项填空
1．It has been ________ that at least 47,000 jobs were lost last year.
A．added B．calculated
C．increased D．improved
2．She said she didn’t like Tom，but ________，I think he is an honest boy，though sometimes careless.
A．personally B．naturally
C．fortunately D．luckily
3．These plastic flowers look so ________ that many people think they are real.
A．beautiful B．natural
C．artificial D．similar
4．She ________ young，but actually she is already 40 years old.
A．sees B．watches
C．grows D．appears
5．It took her over 30 minutes to ________ herself ________.
A．take；up B．give；up
C．make；up D．stay；up
6．Those children are not well ________ books for studying.
A．supplied with B．supplied for C．provided to D．provided for
7．Why are you so anxious？It’s not your fault ________.
A．on purpose B．in all
C．on time D．after all
8．________！The robber has a knife.
A．Watch over B．Watch for
C．Watch out D．Watch on
9．All I wanted to do was ________ up to my teacher and thank him.
A．to walk B．walked
C．walk D．to walking
10．________ seems useful to you isn’t ________ I need.
A．That；what B．What；what
C．What；that D．That；that
1．signal v. & n．发信号；信号
【归纳拓展】
signal to sb.to do sth.发信号要某人做某事
signal to sb.that...用信号通知某人……
signal for help发出求救信号
In our class，when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book，it was a signal for everyone to stand up.
在我们班上，当铃声响起，老师合上他的书时，那是一个每个人要站起来的信号。

【活学活用】
(1)The policeman ______________________ to move forward slowly.
警察示意车辆缓慢前进。

(2)The thief ________________________________ the police were coming.
小偷用信号暗示同伴警察来了。

(3)The Olympic________ remind us of where the Olympics are held and the characteristics of the host country. A．symbols B．Signals C．marks D．signs 2．arise v．出现；发生
【归纳拓展】
arise from...起因于……；由……产生
While scientists are finding ways to make them smaller but even more powerful，problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves.
虽然科学家们正想办法让电池变得更小且功能更强大，但是当电池比设备本身还要大还要重时，可能会出现问题。

【活学活用】
(1)A great wind ________________ we were about to set off.我们正要动身时刮起了大风。

(2)Remember that accidents often ______________ carelessness.
记住意外事故常常起因于粗心大意。

(3)用arise，rise，raise，arouse的适当形式填空
The question who ________________ him ________，which ______ public ______ interests.
(4)The prices have been keeping________since the financial crisis.
A．arising B．rising C．arousing D．raising
3．solve vt.解决；解答
________ n．答案；谜底；解决方法(of/for/to)
【归纳拓展】
solve a difficulty解决困难
solve a problem in maths解答数学问题
a solution to the problem问题的解决方案/法
Instead，let him attempt to solve things by himself. 相反，让他自己试着解决一些事情。

【活学活用】
(1)_______________________________ in the examination? 你答对所有的考试题了吗？
(2)He tried to ________________________. 他试图解开那个秘密。

(3)With the puzzle________，he felt relaxed.
A．solved B．Answered C．set D．asked
4．anyhow adv.无论如何；即使如此
【归纳拓展】
anyhow＝anyway无论如何；不管怎样；用任何方式
somehow用某种方式；不知怎么地；不知为什么
somewhat稍微，有点
注意：anyhow/anyway作让步状语时一般置于句中或句末，其前常有连词but。

但如果表示“再说；至少；更何况”之意，作状语对前面的话作补充时，常出现在句首。

Don’t worry；we’ll get the money back somehow.
别担心，我们会把那些钱拿回来的。

【活学活用】
(1)________________，I must go now. 总之，我现在得走了。

(2)I was _____________ when he arrived ten minutes late. 他迟到了十分钟，我有点生气。

(3)—What about going out?
—I’ve got a headache.And ________，Jack’s coming to see me.I ought to stay in.
A．however B．Anyhow C．though D．while
5.make up编造，捏造；杜撰；弥补；组成；和解；整理；化妆，打扮
【归纳拓展】
make up for补偿；弥补
make out辨认出；理解；写出
make one’s way向前走；前进
make it成功；办得到
American Indians make up about five percent of the U．S.population. 美洲印第安人占美国人口的5%。

【活学活用】
(1)He ________________________ about his daughter being sick.
他编造了一些借口，说他女儿病了。

(2)I can scarcely ________________ his writing. 我几乎辨认不出他的笔迹。

(3)I’m terribly sorry to turn you down this time，but I promise I will________ to you next time. A．turn it up B．make it up C．pick it up D．set it up 6．as a result of由于；作为……的结果
【归纳拓展】
as a result结果
without result毫无结果地
result from...由……产生
result in导致；结果
(1)Over the past decades，sea ice has been decreasing in the Arctic as a result of global warming. 由于全球变暖，在过去的几十年里，北极的海冰已经在缩小。

(2)She was late as a result of the heavy snow. 由于下大雪，她来迟了。

【活学活用】
(1)His illness ______________________ eating some polluted food.
他生病是由于吃了受污染的食物。

(2)The accident ________________ the death of two passengers.
这起事故导致两名乘客丧生。

(3)My friend Martin was very sick with a strange fever ；________，he could neither eat nor
sleep. A ．as a result B ．after all C ．any way D ．otherwise
7．in a way 有几分；在某种程度上
【归纳拓展】
all the way 一路上；一直；完全
by the way 顺便说
in the way 妨碍；挡路
in no way 决不，无论如何都不
(1)In a way it was one of our biggest mistakes.
从某种意义上来说，这是我们所犯的最大错误之一。

(2)She didn’t speak a word to me all the way back home.
回家的路上，她没跟我说一句话。

【活学活用】
(1)He refused to ________________ on any of the points. 他拒绝在任何一点上让步。

(2)You could also repeat the name ______________ that does not sound forced or artificial.
你也可以以听起来不是强迫或人工的方式来重复这个名字。

(3)What he has said is reasonable________.
A ．in the way
B ．on the way
C ．by the way
D ．in a way
8．deal with 处理，对付；对待；解决；涉及
【归纳拓展】
(1)Have you dealt with these letters yet? 这些信件你已经处理了吗？
(2)I hate to deal/dealing with large impersonal companies. 我讨厌与那些没有人情味的大
公司打交道。

【活学活用】
(1)用deal with ，do with 的适当形式填空
I don’t know how to ____________________ the book ______________________ politics ，
but you know what to ________________ it very well.
(2)Top players must have excellent ball control ，but it is not just________ they do with their
feet________ counts.
A ．how ；that
B ．that ；what
C ．what ；that
D ．whether ；what
9．And my memory became so large that even I couldn’t believe it!
译文 _________________________________________________________________
句式提取：so...that...
so...that...意为“如此……以致于……”，引导结果状语从句。

so/such...that...句型的常见结构形式：
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ so ＋adj ./ad v .＋that...so ＋adj .＋a/an ＋单数名词＋that...
so ＋many/much/few/little (少)＋n .＋that...
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧
such a/an ＋adj .＋单数名词＋that...such ＋adj .＋复数可数名词/不可数名词＋that...
【活学活用】
(1)I haven’t seen Ann for ________________ I’ve forgotten what she looks like.
我那么久没见安，以致于我已忘了她长得什么样了。

(2)I made ________________________ in the composition ________ the teacher criticized me.我的作文中出现了如此多的错误，老师批评了我。

(3)He hurried up ________________ he could catch the train.
他匆匆赶路为的是赶上火车。

(4)________________ the teacher speak ________ I couldn’t follow him.
那个老师说得太快，我听不懂。

(5)Tom’s sister gave me________ that I really don’t know how to thank her.
A．such much advice B．such many advices
C．so much advice D．so many advices
10．As time went by，I was made smaller.
译文__________________________________________________________________ 句式提取：as引导时间状语从句
【归纳拓展】
连词as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着……”，with也可译成“随着……”，但其后
接的是复合结构而不是句子。

You will grow wiser as you grow older.
你会随着年龄的增长而越来越聪明。

【活学活用】
(1)__________________________，we find little time to gather with our friends.
随着生活水平的提高，我们和朋友的聚会变少了。

(2)________ children get older，they become more and more interested in the things around them. A．While B．When C．As D．With
[写作句型公式]
1．It is never too late to do something.
It is never too late to repent. 悔过自新永不为迟。

It’s never too late to mend.亡羊补牢，未为晚矣。

2．too eager/glad/ready/happy...to do sth.
He is too eager to see you. 他太急于见到你了。

He is only too willing to serve friends. 他极愿为朋友效劳。

3．whether (...) or not
Whether or not it rains/Whether it rains or not，we’re playing football on Saturday.
无论下不下雨，我们星期六一定踢足球。

Tell me whether or not you’re interested.告诉我你是否有兴趣。

[日常交际用语]
15．there you go：something that has happened can’t be changed or was what you expected
事已至此；正如你所料
Well，there you go，better luck next time.
嗯，事已至此，祝你下次好运。

16．a hot ticket：a very popular and fashionable person whom everyone wants to see
成为红人
Michael Jackson was a hot ticket in show business.
迈克尔·杰克逊是演艺圈的红人。

答案
课前准备区
Ⅰ.1.Personally；application 2.artificial；intelligence
3．technology；universal 4.explore；reality 5.appearance；character
Ⅱ.1.make up for 2.watched over 3.got together
4．With the help of 5.going by 6.after all
Ⅲ.1.took me more than two hours 2.was considered 3.As time went by/passed 4.to take good care of these children 5.what I have been dreaming of
Ⅳ.1.B[calculate计算，符合句意。

]
2．A[personally就个人而言。

]
3．B[形容词辨析。

natural意为“自然的，真的”。

]
4．D[appear在本句中为系动词，意为“显得，看来”。

]
5．C[make oneself up打扮自己，符合句意。

]
6．A[supply sb. with sth.本句用于被动语态。

]
7．D[after all意为“毕竟”。

]
8．C[watch out意为“当心……；留神……”。

]
9．A[动词不定式作表语。

]
10．B[what在第一空为主语从句的引导词；第二空引导表语从句。

]
课堂活动区
1．活学活用
(1)signaled the traffic
(2)signaled to his friends that
(3)A[句意为：奥林匹克的标志物提醒我们奥林匹克运动会在哪里举办和主办国家的特色。

symbol标志物，符合句意。

]
2．活学活用
(1)arose when
(2)arise from
(3)would raise；arose；aroused；rising
(4)B[keep rising此处指“价格保持上涨”。

]
3．solution
活学活用
(1)Have you solved all the problems
(2)solve the mystery
(3)A[solve the puzzle解决难题。

]
4．活学活用
(1)Anyway/Anyhow
(2)somewhat unhappy
(3)B[句意为：……无论怎样，杰克要来看我。

我应该在家。

]
5．活学活用
(1)made up some excuses
(2)make out
(3)B[句意为：非常抱歉，这次拒绝了你，但我答应下次弥补。

make it up弥补它，符合句意。

]
6．活学活用
(1)resulted from(
2)resulted in
(3)A[后半句句意为：结果，他既不能吃也不能睡。

]
7．活学活用
(1)give way
(2)in a way
(3)D[词组in the way的含义是“挡路”；on the way表示“在路上，即将成为”；by the way表示“顺便说一下”；in a way表示“在某种程度上”。

]
8．活学活用
(1)deal with；dealing with；do with
(2)C[第一空表示“如何处理”，与do with搭配，用what；第二空为强调句，强调主语not just what they do with their feet，故用that。

]
9．我的储存容量变得如此巨大，甚至连我自己都不能相信！
活学活用
(1)so long that
(2)so many mistakes；that
(3)so that
(4)So fast did；that
(5)C[advice为不可数名词，要表达“如此多的建议”，应用so much advice，固定用法。

]
10．随着时间的推移，我被制作的越来越小。

活学活用
(1)As our life improves
(2)C
课时规范训练
Ⅰ.单项填空(建议用时8′)
1．I saw a woman running toward me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was，she had run back in the direction ________ she had come.
A．of which B．by which
C．in which D．from which
2．Many scientists have believed that there may be a________ of life on the Mar.
A．signal B．Sign C．mark D．sigh
3．I knew ________ John Lennon，but not ________ famous one.
A．/；a B．a；the C．/；the D．the；a
4．She________her eyes from her book. A．rose B．aroused C．raised D．B and C 5．—Would you like some more soup?
—________.It is delicious, but I’ve had enough.
A．Yes，please B．No，thank you
C．Nothing more D．I’d like some
6．________ the questions put forward，he felt very happy.
A．Solved B．Having solved C．Solving D．To solve 7．Millions of pounds’ worth of damage ________ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. A．has been caused B．had been caused C．will be caused D．will have been caused
8．—How about going downtown this morning?
—Well...，it’s a bit too cold outside.And ________，I’ve got to do some housework.
A．some way B．Anyway C．somehow D．somewhat 9．Don’t believe him.He________ a story.
A．makes up B．is making up C．makes up of D．is making out
10．________the car accident，Jackson couldn’t work any longer.
A．As a result B．As a result of C．As the result D．As result of 11．He studys very hard.I’m sure he is ________ the way to becoming a college student.
A．on B．in C．at D．by
12．—How do you________ a disagreement between the company and its customers?
—The key to solving the problem is to meet the demand made by the customers.
A．make do with B．do with C．handle with D．deal with 13．________ about the economic crisis that he decided to look for more information about it.
A．So curious he was B．So curious was he C．Such curious he was
D．Such curious was he
14．I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________.
A．going on B．goes on
C．went on D．to go on
15．The new story is written in________ easy English________ even beginners can understand it.
A．such；that B．so；that C．such；as D．too；that Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时8′)
Rachel Carson was born on May 27,1907 in Pennsylvania.Her mother bequeathed her a deep
love of nature and the living world that Rachel expressed first as a writer and later as a student of marine biology.Carson graduated from Pennsylvania College for Women in 1929 and studied at the Woods Hole Marine Biological Laboratory.She received her master’s degree in zoology from Johns Hopkins University in 1932.
She worked for the U．S.Bureau of Fisheries，writing radio scripts during the Depression(经济大萧条) to increase her income and writing feature articles on natural history for the Baltimore Sun.She began a 15-year career in the federal service as a scientist and editor in 1936 and rose to become Editor-in-Chief of all publications for the U．S.Fish and Wildlife Service.
She wrote books on conservation(保护) and natural resources and edited scientific articles，but in her free time turned her government research into prose(散文)，first as an article Undersea(1937)，and then in a book，Under the Sea-Wind(1941)．In 1952 she published her prize-winning study of the ocean，The Sea Around Us，which was followed by The Edge of the Sea in 1955.These books made up a biography(传记) of the ocean and made Carson famous as a naturalist and science writer for the public.Carson resigned in 1952 to devote herself to her writing.
She wrote several other articles designed to teach people about the wonder and beauty of nature，including Help Your Child to Wonder(1956)and Our E v er-Changing Shore(1957)，and planned another book on ecology.In Carson’s writing，she expressed her view that human beings were only part of nature.
Disturbed by the overuse of chemical pesticides(杀虫剂) after World War Ⅱ，Carson changed her focus in order to warn the public about the long term effects of misusing pesticides.In Silent Spring(1962) she challenged the practices of agricultural scientists and the government，and called for a change in the way humankind viewed the natural world.
Carson was attacked by the chemical industry，but she still called for new policies to protect human health and the environment.
Rachel Carson died in 1964 after a long battle against breast cancer.
16．The underlined word “bequeathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．
A．passed on B．gave lessons
C．brought up D．set an example
17．What do we know about Rachel Carson during the Depression?
A．She was working as a full-time editor.
B．She wrote for radio stations.
C．She devoted most of her energy to writing.
D．She was in charge of the U．S.Bureau of Fisheries.
18．By publishing her prose and books，Rachel Carson ________.
A．accumulated considerable wealth
B．arouse people’s social awareness
C．rose to fame as a naturalist and writer
D．showed concern about endangered species
19．Why did Rachel Carson change the theme of her writing?
A．World War Ⅱcaused a lot of suffering.
B．Modern technologies improved nature.
C．The environment was greatly damaged.
D．Too many chemical pesticides were used.
20．The text is mainly about ________.
A．how to protect marine animals
B．the life story of Rachel Carson
C．environmental protection in the U．S.
D．the side effects of chemical pesticides
Ⅲ.阅读表达(建议用时14′)
Have one of those days or weeks when everything seems to annoy you? Even if you do nothing about it，your bad mood will probably go away after some time.But with a little effort，you
can forget it much faster，often within a day or two.
◆Walk it off
Exercise is the most popular way to remove bad mood. A person who’s in a bad mood has low energy and high tension. Taking a fast ten-minute walk，or taking some quick exercise can do wonders towards changing that bad mood.
◆Tune it out
Listening_to_your_favorite_music_for_a_while_can_also_make_tensions_go_away_quickly ，because_music_starts_associations_with_past_positive_experiences_we’ve_had.
◆Give yourself a pep talk
Stop and listen to what’s on your mind.Bad moods are often started by too many negative thoughts. Write them all down on paper，including the pessimistic(悲观的) messages you’ve been giving yourself and then give optimistic answers.
◆Avoid things that won’t improve your mood
TV may not help much. You need to increase your energy level and stimulate your mind. And before you reach for that piece of cake and coffee，think about how________are linked.Sugar and caffeine contribute to depressed moods.While carbohydrates，such as potatoes and pasta (意大利面食) produce a calming effect on people who have a desire for them.
21．What’s the best title of this pa ssage？(Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________ 22．Which sentence in the passage can replace the following one?
Sometimes your bad mood may disappear of itself after a while.
_______________________________________________________________________
23．Fill in the blank in the last paragraph with the proper words.(Please answer within 10 words.)
________________________________________________________________________ 24．Please suggest some ways to remove the bad mood.(Please answer within 30 words.) ________________________________________________________________________ 25．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
________________________________________________________________________
答案
Ⅰ.单项填空1．D 2.B[sign迹象，痕迹。

] 3．B[a John Lennon表众多同名同姓人中的其中一位，而the famous John Lennon则是指著名的那个。

] 4．C[“抬起眼”，此处应用及物动词，故选C项，raise抬起。

] 5．B
6．B[主语和solve之间为主谓关系。

]
7．A[这里强调发生在过去的动作对现在造成的影响，故选A。

]
8．B[句意为：……无论怎样，我有些家务要做。

]
9．B[be making up a story编造故事。

]
10．B[此处应为“由于车祸，……”，故选B项，as a result of由于……。

]
11．A
12．D[由于句中有how，所以应用deal with，表示如何处理；handle with应去掉with。

] 13．B[用so修饰形容词curious，且so 置于句首，主句应用倒装，故选B项。

] 14．A15.A
得分策略
得分点7：摆脱思维定式的影响，分析题干句子结构，吃透语境
[经典例题]—Where did you find your wallet? A．that B．where —It was in the shop ____ I bought the shirt. C．which D．there
错因分析有些考生会认为此处是考查强调句型，从而误选A。

其实，如果去掉It was 和that后，剩下的句子为“I bought the shirt in the shop”，这与所问的情况不相符，因此，根据语境，此处应用where引导一个定语从句，故选B项。

[得分笔记]做这类题时，考生不能只看结构，还必须从句子的语境来分析。

从句子的意思来看，这个句子显然不是完整的强调句型，而应该是省略了没有被强调的部分“that I found my wallet”，而留下的被强调部分“in the shop where I bought the shirt”中含有一个定语从句。

完整的句子应该是“It was in the shop where I bought the shirt that I found my wallet.”。

Ⅱ.阅读理解
16．A[词义猜测题。

根据第一段可知，是她的母亲把对自然界和生物世界的爱传递给蕾切尔·卡逊的。

可见，生词bequeath意为“传递；赠送”。

]
17．B[细节理解题。

根据第二段可知，蕾切尔·卡逊在经济大萧条期间为电台写稿。

] 18．C[细节理解题。

根据第三段的最后两句可知，蕾切尔·卡逊通过出版书籍，普及了人们的自然知识，因而她也作为自然学家和科普作家为人所知。

]
19．D[推理判断题。

根据第五段可知，受到二战后杀虫剂的滥用现象的困扰，蕾切尔·卡逊把写作的关注点转向提醒公众关注误用杀虫剂可能产生的长期的副作用。

] 20．B[主旨大意题。

本文介绍了美国著名的自然学家、科普作家Rachel Carson的生平。

]
得分策略
在阅读理解中遇到推理判断题，如何进行推理和判断？(三)
4．态度、观点及感受类推理判断题
高考阅读理解题中有些题目考查考生对文章作者的思想、人物性格倾向等方面的理解。

对于判断情感态度类的题，考生需要分析段落大意、作者的思路，理解段落大意、文章的中心思想，这样才能判断出作者的情感态度。

(1)学会辨别清楚文章的体裁。

高考阅读理解题涉及各类文章，以议论文为主，文章的主题句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度立场；说明文，因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者往往采取中立态度；记叙文，作者往往不直接提出文章观点，而且作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所以考生读这种体裁的文章时要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感态度的词或短语。

(2)学会区分不同的观点，尤其要善于找出作者的观点。

考生要注意文中出现的直接引语和间接引语，出现的观点一般是当事人的观点，而不是作者的观点。

作者的观点一般用in my view/opinion，personally，I think，I hold等词语引出。

要分清选项中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此对照文章内容。

下面是一些常见的有关作者态度的词语：
①表示支持或肯定的词语：positive积极的，乐观的；supportive支持的；optimistic乐观的；humorous幽默的；serious严肃的；enthusiastic热情的；pleasant愉快的；concerned 关切的等等。

②表示中立的词语：indifferent不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested不感兴趣的；neutral中立的；impersonal冷淡的；subjective主观的；objective客观的等等。

③表示反对或否定的词语：disgusted 憎恶的，厌恶的；critical批评的；negative否定的，消极的；suspicious怀疑的；tolerant容忍的，宽容的；worried担忧的；pessimistic悲观的；depressed沮丧的；disappointed失望的；ironic讽刺的；sarcastic挖苦的等等。

(3)此类试题的干扰项常具有以下特点：或是自己的某种看法或观点；或是社会的一种普遍倾向；或是与本文无关或与作者的观点或看法相反等，考生容易误选与自己的看法相吻合的选项。

Ⅲ.阅读表达
21．How to Beat a Bad Mood/Ways to Get Rid of Bad Moods
22．Even if you do nothing about it，your bad mood will probably go away after some
time.
23．mood and food
24．The answer may vary.
25．听一会儿自己最喜欢的音乐也能很快消除紧张情绪，因为音乐能够让人想起以前积极乐观的经历。