闵行区2016学年第一学期高三质量调研考试
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期期末质量调研化学试题
闵行区2016届第一学期高三年级质量调研考试化学试卷考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚，并在规定的区域 填涂相关信息。
答题时客观题用2B铅笔涂写，主观题用黑色水笔填写。
2．本试卷共有56题，共10页。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
3．请将答案写在答题纸上，考试后只交答题纸，试卷由考生自己保留。
相对原子质量：H-1 C-12 N-14 O-16 Na-23 S-32 Cl-35.5 Fe-56 Cu-64一、选择题（本题共10分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项）1．化学用语准确的是A．铁触煤B．氨盐C．硬脂酸 D．活性碳2．元素周期表中氧元素的数据见右图，说法正确的是A．氧元素的质量数是16B．氧元素的相对原子质量是16.00C．氧原子2p亚层有一个未成对电子D．氧原子最外层有6个能量相同的电子3．下列变化不涉及氧化还原反应的是A．明矾净水B．钢铁生锈C．海水提溴D．工业固氮4．用化学方法不能实现的是A．生成一种新分子B．生成一种新离子C．生成一种新单质D．生成一种新原子5．氮氧化铝(AlON)是一种空间网状结构，硬度大熔点高的透明材料，描述正确的是A．含有离子键B．属于原子晶体C．既有离子键又有共价键D．属于离子晶体二、选择题（本题共36分，每小题3分，每题只有一个正确选项）6．关于煤与石油化工的说法，正确的是A．煤焦油干馏可得到苯、甲苯等B ．煤裂化可得到汽油、柴油、煤油等轻质油C ．石油分馏可得到乙烯、丙烯等重要化工产品D ．石油主要是各种烷烃、环烷烃和芳香烃组成的混合物 7．有关浓硫酸的性质或作用，叙述错误的是 A ．浓硫酸的脱水性是化学性质B ．使铁、铝钝化表现了强氧化性C ．制备乙酸乙酯的反应中起催化脱水作用D ．与氯化钠固体共热制氯化氢气体时，表现强酸性8．已建立化学平衡的某可逆反应，当改变条件使平衡向正反应方向移动，正确的是A ．生成物的百分含量一定增加B ．正反应速率大于逆反应速率C ．反应物的转化率一定增大D ．反应物浓度一定降低9．某温度下，浓度为a mol/L 的一元酸HA 与b mol/L 的一元碱BOH 等体积混合，该溶液呈中性的依据是 A ．a ＝bB ．HA 与BOH 的电离常数相等C ．混合溶液中，c (H ＋)＝K W mol/LD ．混合溶液中，c (H ＋)＋c (B ＋)＝c (OH －)＋c (A －) 10．类比推断是学习化学的一种重要方法，推断正确的是A ．电解熔融NaCl 制取Na ，故电解熔融MgCl 2也能制取MgB ．Fe 与CuSO 4溶液反应置换出Cu ，故Na 也能从CuSO 4溶液中置换出CuC ．通常元素的价态越高对应物质的氧化性越强，故HClO 4的氧化性强于HClOD ．CO 2和Na 2O 2反应生成Na 2CO 3和O 2，故SO 2和Na 2O 2反应生成Na 2SO 3和O 211．右图为周期表中短周期的一部分，若R 原子核外有3个未成对电子，说法正确的是A ．原子半径大小顺序是：Y>X>RB ．其气态氢化物的稳定性顺序是：Z>Y>X>RC ．X 、Y 、Z 中Z 的氧化物对应的水化物的酸性最强D ．R 的气态氢化物与它的含氧酸之间能发生化学反应12．氯雷他定是缓解过敏症状的药物，其分子结构简式如图，说法正确的是A ．该分子中存在肽键B ．最多可以有12个碳原子共平面C ．1 mol 氯雷他定最多可与8 mol 氢气发生加成反应D ．能与NaOH 溶液反应，但不能与NaHCO 3溶液反应13．化学反应时，反应物的量不同，产物或现象可能会发生变化。
2016届上海闵行区高三一模英语试题及答案
闵行区2016学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-11页）和第II卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I卷 (共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A writer. B. A teacher.C. A reporter.D. A student.2. A. In a bookstore. B. In a library.C. In a classroom.D. In an apartment.3. A. The long walking hours. B. The hot weather.C. The boring work.D. The fan in the room.4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity.B. She expected more people at her party.C. She threw a surprise party for her friends.D. She enjoys entertaining little children.5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street.C. Make inquires elsewhere.D. Rent the $600 apartment.6. A. Sick. B. Quite well.C. Excited.D. Confused.7. A. She had the printer repaired. B. She chatted online with a friend.C. She filled in an application form.D. She ordered some paper.8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B. He has been extremely busy recently.C. He has gained some weight lately.D. He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.9. A. He doesn’t like abstract paintings.B. Women have a better artistic taste than men.C. He isn’t good at abstract thinking.D. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.10. A. He is confident he will get the job.B. His chance of getting the job is slim.C. It isn’t easy to find a qualified candidate.D. The interview didn’t go as well as he had expected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A special CD. B. A photograph of the mystery star.C. Two concert tickets.D. A latest record.12. A. After a tragic accident happened. B. When he formed the habit of using drugs.C. When his wife left him.D. After he succeeded in the late 90’s.13. A. A free concert. B. Life of a pop star.C. A famous guitar player.D. A sad song Tears in Heaven. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B. It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C. It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D. It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.15. A. People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B. They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C. They will become too hard to plough.D. People will find it hard to protect the soil.16. A. The farmers there have brought it under control.B. The factories there have found a good use for it.C. The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.D. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Who were those two men Henry was talking to?The (17)________ of a shopping center.Where is the shopping center?About (18)________ miles fromhere.What does Henry consider doing?Opening a (19)________ of his restaurant.What does the man think of his children?He doubted if they have enough (20)________ experience.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.What did the woman want to know?Students’ opinion on the(21)________.What did the man think of the vegetables?They were usually (22)________.What’s the man’s general comment The food was (23)________.on the food?What did the man advise?To change the (24)________.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the next,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers’ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months.“This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he’d told his wife. “I’ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight o’clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex’s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where’s my toast, where’s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy’s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o’clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife’s away. (40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling. Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more thanyou need.A. indicatorB. predictC.processD. movementE. adaptF. trackedG. formation H.deliberateI. similar J.advantageousK.surprised Dogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils(化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man’s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats’. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores(食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs(前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University’s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase thatbest fits the context.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country.51 , according to an official report on youth violence, “in our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn’t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker’s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 .60 , students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity about C. Complaint over D. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearer C. more complex D. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back up Section BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)As a Switch card, it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services, whenever you see the Switch logo. The money comes straight out of your account, so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money (or an agreed overdraft (透支) to cover it). It is also a cheque guarantee card for up to the amount shown on the card. And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.Using your NatWest Cash CardYou can use your Cash Card as a Solo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo. It can also give you access to your account and your cash from over 31,000 cash machines nationwide. You can spend or withdraw what you have in your account, or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.Using your cards abroadYou can also use your Service Card and Cash Card when you’re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see the Cirrus or Maestro logo displayed.We take a commission charge(手续费) of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make (up to￡4) and a commission charge of 75 pence every time you use Maestro to pay for goods or services. We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.Using your NatWest Credit CardWith your credit card you can do the following:＊Pay for goods and services and enjoy up to 56 days’interest-free credit.＊Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the MasterCard or Visa logos.＊Collect one AIR MILE for every￡20 of spending that appears on your statement (结算单). (This does not include foreign currency or traveler’s cheques bought, interest andother charges.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________. A. ￡4 B.￡4.5 C. ￡5.25 D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller’s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation (保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conservation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researcher’s conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca’s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two styles most popular with the children I interviewed were ‘Platformers’ and ‘Beat-them-ups.’ Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated(动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children’s cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children’s everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive ‘yells’at the screen. It is not only the ‘Beat-them-up’ games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their ‘lives’ and ‘die’ just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination (协调). When the player loses and the words ‘Game over’ appear on the screen, there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming ‘addictive’: the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have ‘one last go’ in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between ‘Platformers’ and ‘Beat-Them-Ups’C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce violent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TV or films. Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Gift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America’s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession(衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed (收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. One approach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don’t have to worryabout _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers’ responding to the decline of the sales ofgift cards according to the passage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, buttheir efforts turned out _________________________________.第II 卷 (共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
上海市闵行区2016届高三第一学期质量调研考试生命科学试卷含答案
2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试生命科学试卷考生注意：1．全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2．本考试分设试卷和答题纸。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上用钢笔、圆珠笔或签字笔将学校、姓名及准考证号填写、涂清楚。
作答必须涂或写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答一律不得分。
一．选择题（共60分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）1．下列物质中，不属于脂质的是……………………………………………………（）A．磷脂B．脂肪C．纤维素D．胆固醇2．用班氏试剂鉴定还原性糖时，溶液的颜色变化过程为…………………………（）A．淡蓝色→棕色→红黄色B．无色→淡蓝色→棕色C．红黄色→淡蓝色→棕色D．棕色→绿色→棕色3．下列哪一组物质的基本组成单位相同…………………………………………（）A. 植物的纤维素和生长素B. 动物的糖原和抗体C. 人的胰岛素和性激素D. 细菌的核区DNA和质粒4．右图为细胞膜的亚显微结构模式图。
下列叙述不正确的是……………………（）A．b构成了细胞膜的基本骨架B．细胞膜的流动性与c、d均有关C．d的种类和数量越多，细胞的功能越复杂D．a在细胞的内侧，具有细胞识别的功能5．某多肽分子结构如下图所示，该多肽分子中的肽键数和氨基酸种类为……（）A．2 个、1 种B．2 个、2种C．3个、2种D．2个、3种6．在信使RNA分子结构中，相邻的碱基G与C之间是通过什么结构连接而成…（）A．3个氢键B．—脱氧核糖—磷酸基—脱氧核糖—C．—核糖—磷酸基—核糖—D．—磷酸基—核糖—磷酸基—7．保护生物多样性的三个层次中，最核心的并关系其他两个层次存亡的是…（）A．遗传多样性B．物种多样性C．生物群落多样性D．生态系统的多样性8．现代进化理论认为，突变和基因重组为生物进化提供了原材料，下列变异现象不属于此类变异范畴的是………………………………………………………………（）A．无籽西瓜B．白眼果蝇种群中出现了红眼C．21三体综合征D．无籽番茄9．实验中，从菠菜叶中提取叶绿素体中色素的常用试剂是………………………（）A．蒸馏水B．无水乙醇C．1%NaCl D．3%HCl10．右图为有关细胞分裂的概念图，下列说法正确的是…………………………（）A．①过程中无纺锤体和染色体出现，不发生DNA复制B．②过程中，染色体与核DNA分子在数目上具有平行关系C．②过程有利于维持亲子代细胞遗传物质的稳定性D．③过程中具有2个细胞周期，精原细胞以②或③的方式增殖11．下列关于物质转运出入细胞的方式，正确的是………………………………（）A．神经递质穿过突触后膜的方式是主动运输B．只有在主动运输时，才会发生载体蛋白与被运输物质结合而改变形状的现象C．胞吞和胞吐是细胞最重要的吸收或排出物质的方式D．渗透作用的方向就是水分子从浓度低的一侧进入浓度高的一侧12．右图为细胞核结构模式图，下列有关叙述不正确的是…（）A．①主要由DNA和蛋白质组成，在细胞分裂不同时期呈不同状态B．②是产生核糖体、mRNA和合成蛋白质的场所C．③在细胞周期中发生周期性变化，其主要成分是磷脂和蛋白质D．蛋白质可由核孔进入细胞核，而mRNA正好相反13．下表为某培养基的配方，有关叙述正确的是……………（）A．此培养基属通用培养基，可以鉴别出大肠杆菌B．能在此培养基上生长的大肠杆菌，拟核上有青霉素的基因C．此培养基可以用于选育转基因大肠杆菌菌种的基因工程的操作过程中D．此培养基可以用来检测自来水中细菌含量是否符合饮用水标准14．右图为人工培养的肝细胞中DNA含量随时间变化的曲线，培养中所有细胞都处于细胞周期的同一阶段。
闵行区2016学年第一学期高三质量调研考试
闵行区 2016 学年第一学期高三质量调研考试均匀52物理试卷考生注意：1．第 I 卷（ 1—12 题）由机器阅卷，答案一定所有涂写在答题纸上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用 2B 铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸上编号一一对应，不可以错位。
答案涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
2．第 II 卷（ 13— 20 题）由人工网上阅卷。
考生应用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔将第 II 卷所有试题的答案写在答题纸上，（作图可用铅笔）。
3．第 18、19、20 题要求写出必需的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。
只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不可以得分。
相关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中一定明确写出数值和单位。
4．全卷共 6 页。
满分 100 分。
考试时间60 分钟。
第 I卷（共 40分）一、单项选择题（共40 分，每题有且只有一个正确答案，1-8 题每题 3分， 9-12 题每题 4分）1．教科书中这样表述牛顿第必定律：全部物体总保持匀速直线运动状态或静止状态，直到有外力迫使它改变这类状态为止。
此中“改变这类状态” 指的是改变物体的（）（ A ）加快度（ B）速度（ C）地点（D）受力2．以下图是一个玩具陀螺，a、 b 和 c 是陀螺表面上的三个点 . 当陀螺绕垂直于地面的轴线以角速度ω 稳固旋转时，以下表述正确的选项是（）ω（ A ）a、 b 和 c 三点的线速度大小相等ab （ B ） a、b 两点的线速度一直相同（ C） a、b 两点的角速度比 c 的角速度大c（ D ）a、 b 两点的加快度比 c 点的加快度大3．以下图，欲使在粗拙斜面上匀速下滑的木块 A 停下，可采纳的方法是（）（ A ）增大斜面的倾角A（ B ）对木块 A 施加一个垂直于斜面向下的力（ C）对木块 A 施加一个竖直向下的力θ（ D ）在木块 A 上再叠放一个重物4．以下实验中不属于用模拟法进行实验的是（）．．．（ A ）用导电纸描述静电场中平面上的等势线（ B ）用铁屑显示通电导线四周的磁感线散布（C）将一桶钢珠连续倒在一台秤上，以台秤上显示连续的压力来说明气体压强的成因（D ）用油膜法估测分子直径5．如图，张口向下的玻璃管竖直插在水银槽中，管内关闭了必定质量的气体，管内液面高于水银槽中液面。
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期期末质量调研考试英语试题 Word版含答案.doc
闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A writer.B. A teacher.C. A reporter.D. A student. 2. A. In a bookstore. B. In a library.C. In a classroom.D. In an apartment. 3. A. The long walking hours. B. The hot weather.C. The boring work.D. The fan in the room.4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity. B. She expected more people at her party. C. She threw a surprise party for her friends.D. She enjoys entertaining little children.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street.C. Make inquires elsewhere.D. Rent the $600 apartment.6. A. Sick. B. Quite well.C. Excited.D. Confused.7. A. She had the printer repaired. B. She chatted online with a friend.C. She filled in an application form.D. She ordered some paper.8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B. He has been extremely busy recently.C. He has gained some weight lately.D. He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.9. A. He doesn‟t like abstract paintings.B. Women have a better artistic taste than men.C. He isn‟t good at abstract thinking.D. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.10. A. He is confident he will get the job.B. His chance of getting the job is slim.C. It isn‟t easy to find a qualified candidate.D. The interview didn‟t go as well as he had expected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A special CD. B. A photograph of the mystery star.C. Two concert tickets.D. A latest record.12. A. After a tragic accident happened. B. When he formed the habit of using drugs.C. When his wife left him.D. After he succeeded in the late 90‟s.13. A. A free concert. B. Life of a pop star.C. A famous guitar player.D. A sad song Tears in Heaven. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B. It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C. It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D. It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.15. A. People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B. They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C. They will become too hard to plough.D. People will find it hard to protect the soil.16. A. The farmers there have brought it under control.B. The factories there have found a good use for it.C. The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.D. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends(超时尚) from one season to the next,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers‟ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful item s. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he‟d told his wife. “I‟ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight o‟clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex‟s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where‟s my toast, where‟s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy‟s underwear on his head. Randy locked(35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o‟clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife‟s away. (40)______ I bring t he boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man‟s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats‟. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University‟s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , acco rding to an official report on youth violence, “in our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren‟t s tudents taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn‟t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker‟s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 .60 , students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn‟t mean trying to figure out what‟s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even ifit doesn‟t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity about C. Complaint over D. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearer C. more complex D. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back upSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller‟s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants andthe African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the ele phants‟ signi ficant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation (保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conse rvation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researche r‟s conclusion was based on a study of the A frican elephant‟s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca‟s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist‟s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two style s most popular with the children I interviewed were …Platformers‟ and …Beat-them-ups.‟ Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated (动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children‟s cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children‟s everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive …yells‟ at the screen. It is not only the …Beat-them-up‟ games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their …lives‟ and …die‟ just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination (协调). When the player loses and the words …Game over‟ appear on th e screen, there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming …addictive‟:the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have …one last go‟ in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between …Platformers‟ and …Beat-Them-Ups‟C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce v iolent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TV or films.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Gift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America‟s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession (衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed (收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. One approach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS) 78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don‟t have to worryabout _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers‟ responding to the decline of the sales of gift cards according tothe passage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, but their efforts turned out_________________________________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
11.闵行区2017届高三一模语文卷(含答案)
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竟 大数据技术 熟 线 大数据研 临着学科间的 衡这 前大数据的技术 方法研 要 中在 联网大数据和商业大数据的 相 用进 而在 生科学大数据的 型学科中较少 到 注进 实 这 些学科 表的科学大数据 异于 联网大数据的特 丰富内涵进 对于科学大数据的深入研 将 于建立大数据学科的理论体系和技术框架进 科学大数据是地球科学发现 知识 的引擎这 是人类认识 地球的钥匙进科学大数据的发展 从顶层设 计制 家层 大数据战略巨配置大数据研 资源巨开展大数据 础理论研 巨推 大数据在 领域的 用进科学大 数据 乎涵 了科学界的 领域这 用到 业这它对科技 经济和社会的推 着 明的前 进 速发 展大数据科学这 科学大数据研 这 推 地球科学和相 科学技术的跨 性发展进数 地球是科学大数据的 型学科这数 地球学科中的数据获 析 用体现着科学大数据 乎全部特 进从科学大数据的角 析这 认 数 地球就是地球大数据这或者说数 地球就是 于地球大数据发展的学科方向进 选自 竟绝州凡 中 科学 ， 删改 8.阅读第 段并根据 古 填空：数据 将 ，预计 全球数据总 达 惧0名B 3分 9.阅读第 段，请给 大数据 一个定 3分
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闵行区 2016 学年第一学期高三年级质量调研 语文试卷 一 积累运用 10 分
古.默写 3分 ，误几何 天际识 舟？ 柳永 声甘州 古 李 登金陵凤凰 句 山 落青天外， 3 ， 谁流 潇湘去 秦 踏莎行·郴州旅舍 句. 诗 中，没 用 的一项是 古分 A.黄沙 战穿金 ， 破楼 终 B. 庙，日暮聊 梁甫吟 叶.驿寄梅花，鱼传尺素，砌 恨无 数 号.便纵 千种风情，更 何人说！ 3. 诗 中，未使用修辞手法的一项是 古分 A. ，冷冷清清，凄凄 戚戚 B.倩何人，唤 红巾翠袖，揾英雄泪 叶.落花水香茅舍晚，断桥头卖鱼人 号.峰峦如聚，波涛如怒 山河表 潼 路 惧. 人常以荷花喻人， 诗歌中的荷花， 意的一项是 古分 A.秋荷独 时竟摇落 风姿 无力争 发竟非因 出奇 B.世间花 相伦竟花入金盆 作尘 绿荷红菡萏竟舒卷开合任天真 叶.涉江玩秋水竟爱 红蕖鲜 攀荷弄 珠竟荡漾 圆 号. 西湖 中，风 四时 接天莲 无 碧， 日荷花别样红 惨. 诗 中，没 使用 拟修辞的一项是 古分 A.霜禽欲 偷眼竟粉蝶如知合断魂 B.遥望洞庭山水色竟 银盘 一青螺 叶.只恐夜深花睡去竟故烧高烛照红妆 号. 情芍药 春泪竟无力蔷薇卧晓枝 6.春节将至，某汽车 输 的停车场要 一副 联， 宜作 春联的一项是 古分 A. 靠好 机，场 人翁 B.注意交通 全，遵 交通 叶.大 快 多装，争分夺 快跑 号.场 皆 ，场荣 荣俱荣 7. 各项排序，最适合填入方框中的一项是 句分 保障发展 ，没 完 ， 今世界最大的发展中 家，□共 捍卫人类发展 利，相信 们 世界一 会 得 美好 摘自 人民日报 竟绝州代 州竟 竟日 也需要 际社会携手起来 中 仍然面临着发展 衡 调等问题 互鉴发展 验 需作出更 大努力 实 更高水 的发展 A. B. 叶. 号.
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期一模英语试卷 Word
闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试II. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the next,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers‟ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he‟d told his wife. “I‟ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started we ll, but just after eight o‟c lock, his three little “good kid s”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex‟s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where‟s my toast, where‟s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mik e wore Randy‟s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o‟clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to g o into work and my wife‟s away. (40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.Section BA. indicatorB. predictC. processD. movementE. adaptF. trackedG. formationH. deliberateI. similarJ. advantageousK. surprisedDogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man‟s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats‟. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs(前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University‟s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens(标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ATwo friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , according to an official report on youth violence, “in our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren‟t students taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn‟t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker‟s position clear. Then the two people should change59 .60 , students need to consider what they are hearing. This d oesn‟t mean trying to figure out what‟s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one personthinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doe sn‟t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity aboutC. Complaint overD. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearerC. more complexD. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back up Section B(A)(You may read the questions first.)We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.Using your NatWest Service CardAs a Switch card, it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services, whenever you see the Switch logo. The money comes straight out of your account, so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money (or an agreed overdraft (透支) to cover it). It is also a chequeguarantee card for up to the amount shown on the card. And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.Using your NatWest Cash CardYou can use your Cash Card as a Solo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo. It can also give you access to your account and your cash from over 31,000 cash machines nationwide. You can spend or withdraw what you have in your account, or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.Using your cards abroadYou can also use your Se rvice Card and Cash Card when you‟re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see the Cirrus or Maestro logo displayed.We take a commission charge(手续费) of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make (up to￡4) and a commission charge of 75 pence every time you use Maestro to pay for goods or services. We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.Using your NatWest Credit CardWith your credit card you can do the following:＊Pay for goods and s ervices and enjoy up to 56 days‟ interest-free credit.＊Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the MasterCard or Visa logos.＊Collect one AIR MILE for every￡20 of spending that appears on your statement(结算单). (This does not inclu de foreign currency or traveler‟s cheques bought, interest and other charges.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller‟s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the ele phants‟ signi ficant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation (保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conse rvation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researche r‟s conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant‟s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca‟s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist‟s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two styles most popular with the children I interviewed were …Platformers‟ and …Beat-them-ups.‟ Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated(动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children‟s cartoons where a character i s hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children‟s everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger whi ch often expresses itself in aggressive …yells‟ at the screen. It is not only the …Beat-them-up‟ games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their …lives‟ and …die‟ just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on themoving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination (协调). When the player loses and the words …Game over‟ appear on the screen, there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming …addictive‟: the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have …one last go‟ in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between …Platformers‟and …Beat-Them-Ups‟C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce violent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TV or films.Section CGift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America‟s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession(衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed (收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. One approach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don‟t have to worry about _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because ___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers‟ responding to the decline of the sales of giftcards according to the passage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, but theirefforts turned out _________________________________.第II 卷I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期期末质量调研数学(理)试卷
闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试数 学 试 卷（理科） 2016.01（满分150分，时间120分钟）考生注意：1．答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、班级、准考证号、姓名等填写清楚．2．请按照题号在答题纸各题答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效． 3．本试卷共有23道试题．一、填空题（本大题满分56分）本大题共有14题，考生应在答题纸上相应编号的空格 内直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分． 1．若复数z满足i i z =-（i 为虚数单位），则||z = .2 2．若全集U =R ，函数21x y =的值域为集合A ，则U A =ð .)0,(-∞ 3．方程4260x x --=的解为 .2log 3x = 4．函数()cos()sin sin()cos x x f x x xπ-=π+的最小正周期T = .π5．不等式x x>4的解集为 .)2,0( 6．若一圆锥的底面半径为3，体积是12π，则该圆锥的侧面积等于 .15π7．已知ABC △中，43AB i j =+，34AC i j =-+，其中i j 、是基本单位向量，则ABC △的面积为 .2528．在2017年的上海高考改革方案中，要求每位考生必须在物理、化学、生物、政治、历史、地理6门学科中选择3门学科参加等级考试.小明同学决定在生物、政治、历史三门中至多选择一门，那么小明同学的选科方案有 种.10 9．若n S 是等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和，且861086S S =+，则2lim n n Sn →∞= . 510．若函数()2x af x -=()a ∈R 满足(1)(1)f x f x +=-，且()f x 在[,)m +∞上单调递增，则实数m 的最小值等于 . 111．若点P 、Q 均在椭圆2222:11x y a a Γ+=-(1)a >上运动，12F F 、是椭圆Γ的左、右焦点，则122PF PF PQ +-的最大值为 .2a12．已知函数14cos 042()log (3)1 4x x f x x x π⎧≤≤⎪=⎨-+>⎪⎩，，，若实数a b c 、、互不相等，且满足)()()(c f b f a f ==，则a b c ++的取值范围是 .(8 23)，13．我国南北朝数学家何承天发明的“调日法”是程序化寻求精确分数来表示数值的算法,其理论依据是：设实数x 的不足近似值和过剩近似值分别为b a 和d c（*,,,a b c d ∈N ）,则b da c ++是x 的更为精确的不足近似值或过剩近似值.我们知道 3.14159π=⋅⋅⋅，若令31491015<π<，则第一次用“调日法”后得165是π的更为精确的过剩近似值，即3116105<π<，若每次都取最简分数，那么第四次用“调日法”后可得π的近似分数为 .22714．已知数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，对任意n ∈*N ，1(1)32nn n n S a n =-++-且1()()0n n a p a p +--<恒成立，则实数p 的取值范围是 .311,44⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭二、选择题（本大题满分20分）本大题共有4题，每题只有一个正确答案.考生应在答题纸的相应编号上，将代表答案的小方格涂黑，选对得5分，否则一律得零分． 15．若,a b ∈R ，且0ab >，则“a b =”是“2b aa b+≥等号成立”的（ A ）. (A) 充要条件 (B) 充分不必要条件 (C) 必要不充分条件 (D) 既非充分又非必要条件 16．设2345()2510105f x x x x x x =+++++，则其反函数的解析式为（ C ）.(A)1y =+(B) 1y = (C)1y =-+(D) 1y =-17．ABC △的内角,,A B C 的对边分别为c b a ,,，满足a b c cb a b c-+≤+-，则角A 的范围是（ B ）. (A)0,π⎛⎤⎥6⎝⎦ (B) 0,π⎛⎤ ⎥3⎝⎦ (C) ,π⎡⎫π⎪⎢6⎣⎭ (D) ,π⎡⎫π⎪⎢3⎣⎭18．函数()f x 的定义域为[]1,1-，图像如图1所示；函数()g x 的定义域为[]1,2-，图像如图2所示.{}(())0A x f g x ==,{}(())0B x g f x ==,则AB 中元素的个数为（C ）.519.如图，三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，侧棱⊥1AA 底面ABC ，12AA AB ==，1BC =,BAC π∠=6，D 为棱1AA 中点， DA 1B 1C 1图2 图1证明异面直线11B C 与CD 所成角为π2，并求三棱柱111ABC A B C -的体积． [证明]在三棱柱111ABC A B C -中，侧棱⊥1AA 底面ABC ，11//BC B C ，BCD ∴∠或它的补角即为异面直线11B C 与CD 所成角，…………………………2分 由2AB =，1BC =,BAC π∠=6以及正弦定理得sin ACB ∠=1，ACB π∴∠=2即BC AC ⊥，…………4分又1BC AA ∴⊥，11BC ACC A ∴⊥面，…………6分BC CD ∴⊥………………8分所以异面直线11B C 与CD 所成角的为2π．…………………… 10分 三棱柱111ABC A B C -的体积为11122ABC V S AA =⋅=⋅=△． …………12分20.（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第（1）小题满分8分，第（2）小题满分6分．如图，点A 、B 分别是角α、β的终边与单位圆的交点，02βαπ<<<<π． （1）若3=4απ，()2cos 3αβ-=，求sin 2β的值；（2）证明：cos()cos cos sin sin αβαβαβ-=+．[解]（1）方法一: ()2cos 3αβ-=，1)(cos 2)22cos(2--=-∴βαβα=91- …3分3=4απ，即91)223cos(-=-βπ， ………………………………6分912sin =∴β． ………………………………8分方法二: ()2cos 3αβ-=，3=4απ，即32sin 22cos 22=+-ββ， …………3分322cos sin =-∴ββ，两边平方得，982sin 1=-β ……………………………6分 912sin =∴β． …………………………………8分 （2）[证明]由题意得，)sin ,(cos αα=OA ，)sin ,(cos ββ=OB OB OA ⋅∴=βαβαsin sin cos cos + ………………10分又因为OA 与OB 夹角为βα-OA ∴)cos()βαβα-=- ………………………12分 综上cos()cos cos sin sin αβαβαβ-=+成立． ……………………………14分 21．（本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第（1）小题满分6分，第（2）小题满分8分． 某沿海城市的海边有两条相互垂直的直线型公路1l 、2l ，海岸边界MPN 近似地看成一条曲线段.为开发旅游资源，需修建一条连接两条公路的直线型观光大道AB ，且直线AB 与曲线MPN 有且仅有一个公共点P （即直线与曲线相切），如图所示．若曲线段MPN 是函数ay x=图像的一段，点M 到1l 、2l 的距离分别为8千米和1千米，点N 到2l 的距离为10千米，以1l 、2l 分别为x y 、轴建立如图所示的平面直角坐标系xOy ，设点P 的横坐标为p . （1）求曲线段MPN 的函数关系式，并指出其定义域； （2）若某人从点O 沿公路至点P 观景，要使得沿折线OAP 比沿折线OBP 的路程更近，求p 的取值范围.[解]（1）由题意得(1,8)M ，则8a =，故曲线段MPN 的函数关系式为8y x =，4分又得4(10,)5N ，所以定义域为[]1,10. ……………………………6分（2）8(,)P p p ，设8:()AB y k x p p -=-由8()8y k x p p y x ⎧-=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩得22(8)80kpx kp x p +--=，22222(8)32(8)0kp kp kp ∆=-+=+=, …………8分 22880,kp k p ∴+=∴=-，得直线AB 方程为288()y x p p p -=--， ………10分 得16(0,)(2,0)A B p p、，故点P 为AB 线段的中点， 由2168220p p p p--=⋅>即280p ->…………………………12分 得p>时，OA OB <，所以，当10p <≤时，经点A 至P 路程最近. 14分22．（本题满分16分）本题共有3个小题，第(1)小题满分4分，第(2) (3)小题满分各6分． 已知椭圆Γ的中心在坐标原点，且经过点3(1,)2，它的一个焦点与抛物线2:4y x E =的焦点重合．（1）求椭圆Γ的方程；（2）斜率为k 的直线l 过点()1,0F ，且与抛物线E 交于A B 、两点，设点(1,)P k -，PAB △的面积为，求k 的值；（3）若直线l 过点()0,M m （0m ≠），且与椭圆Γ交于C D 、两点，点C 关于y 轴的对称点为Q ，直线QD 的纵截距为n ，证明：mn 为定值.[解]（1）设椭圆的方程为()222210x y a b a b +=>>，由题设得222219141a ba b ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩，…2分 2243a b ⎧=∴⎨=⎩，∴椭圆Γ的方程是22143x y += …………………………4分（2）设直线:(1)l y k x =-，由2(1),4,y k x y x =-⎧⎨=⎩得22222(2)0k x k x k -++= l 与抛物线E 有两个交点，0k ≠，216(1)0k ∆=+>，224(1)k k +=…………………………6分 (1,)P k -到l的距离d =，又PABS =△,2214(1)2k k +∴⋅=22433k k =+，故k =． ………………………10分（3）()()1122,,,C x y D x y ，点C 关于y 轴的对称点为11(,)Q x y -，则直线211121:()y y CD y y x x x x --=--，设0x =得121211212121()x y y x y x ym y x x x x --=-=--直线211121:()y y QD y y x x x x --=++，设0x =得121211212121()x y y x y x yn y x x x x -+=+=++14分222221122221x y x y mn x x -∴=-，又2211143x y +=，2222143x y +=22113(4)4y x ∴=-，22223(4)4y x =- 22222222211221122222212133(4)(4)443x x x x x y x y mn x x x x ⋅--⋅--∴===--．………………………16分23．（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第(1)小题满分4分，第(2)小题满分6分，第(3)小题满分8分．已知数列{}n a 的各项均为整数，其前n 项和为n S ．规定：若数列{}n a 满足前r 项依次成公差为1的等差数列，从第1r -项起往后依次成公比为2的等比数列，则称数列{}n a 为“r 关联数列”．（1）若数列{}n a 为“6关联数列”，求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）在（1）的条件下，求出n S ，并证明：对任意n ∈*N ，66n n a S a S ≥；（3）已知数列{}n a 为“r 关联数列”，且110a =-，是否存在正整数,()k m m k >，使得121121?k k m m a a a a a a a a --++++=++++若存在，求出所有的,k m 值；若不存在，请说明理由．[解]（1） {}n a 为“6关联数列”，∴{}n a 前6项为等差数列，从第5项起为等比数列,4,51516+=+=∴a a a a 且256=a a ， 即24511=++a a ，解得31-=a …………2分 54,42,5n n n n a n --≤⎧∴=⎨≥⎩（或554,54,62,62,7n n n n n n n a n n --⎧-≤-≤⎧==⎨⎨≥≥⎩⎩）． ……………………4分 （2）由（1）得2417,42227,5n n n n n S n -⎧-≤⎪=⎨⎪-≥⎩（或22441717,5,6222227,627,7n n n n n n n n n S n n --⎧⎧-≤-≤⎪⎪==⎨⎨⎪⎪-≥-≥⎩⎩） …………………………………6分{}2345:3,2,1,0,1,2,2,2,2,2,n a ---，{}:3,5,6,6,5,3,1,9,25,n S ------{}:9,10,6,0,5,6,4,72,400,n n a S --，可见数列{}n n a S 的最小项为666a S =-，证明：541(4)(7),522(27),6n n n n n n n n a S n --⎧--≤⎪=⎨⎪-≥⎩，列举法知当5n ≤时，min 55()5n n a S a S ==-； ………………………………………8分 当6n ≥时，)6(27)2(2525≥⋅-⋅=--n S a n n n n ，设52n t -=，则{}22,2,,2,m t ∈，222749272()2272648n n a S t t t =-=--≥⋅-⋅=-． ……………………10分（3）{}n a 为“r 关联数列”，且110,1,2a d q =-==11(2)12,11r r a a r d r a r -∴=+-=-=-，1213rr a r a -=∴=2121112111,12,12,222,13256,13n n n n n n n n n a S n n --⎧⎧-≤-≤⎪⎪∴==⎨⎨≥⎪⎪-≥⎩⎩…………………………12分 ①当12k m <≤时，由221211212222k k m m -=-得(k )(k )21(k )m m m +-=- 21,,12,k m k m m k +=≤>，129m k =⎧∴⎨=⎩或1110m k =⎧⎨=⎩． ②当12m k >>时，由1111256256k m ---=-得m k =，不存在 ………………14分 ③当12,12k m ≤>时，由21112125622m k k --=-，102221112m k k -=-+ 当1k =时，10*292,m m N -=∉；当2k =时，10*274,m m N -=∉； 当3k =时，10*258,m m N -=∉；当4k =时，10*244,m m N -=∉； 当5k =时，105*22,15m m N -==∈；当6k =时，10*222,m m N -=∉； 当7k =时，10*214,m m N -=∉；当8k =时，103*22,13m m N -==∈； 当9k =时，10222,12m m -==舍去；当10k =时，1022,11m m -==舍去当11k =时，1022,11m m -==舍去；当12k =时，10222,12m m -==舍去……16分综上所述，∴存在155m k =⎧⎨=⎩或138m k =⎧⎨=⎩或129m k =⎧⎨=⎩或1110m k =⎧⎨=⎩． …………………18分。
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期期末质量调研考试英语试题 Word版含答案.doc
闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I 卷 (共103分)I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A writer.B. A teacher.C. A reporter.D. A student. 2. A. In a bookstore. B. In a library.C. In a classroom.D. In an apartment. 3. A. The long walking hours. B. The hot weather.C. The boring work.D. The fan in the room.4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity. B. She expected more people at her party. C. She threw a surprise party for her friends.D. She enjoys entertaining little children.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street.C. Make inquires elsewhere.D. Rent the $600 apartment.6. A. Sick. B. Quite well.C. Excited.D. Confused.7. A. She had the printer repaired. B. She chatted online with a friend.C. She filled in an application form.D. She ordered some paper.8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B. He has been extremely busy recently.C. He has gained some weight lately.D. He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.9. A. He doesn‟t like abstract paintings.B. Women have a better artistic taste than men.C. He isn‟t good at abstract thinking.D. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.10. A. He is confident he will get the job.B. His chance of getting the job is slim.C. It isn‟t easy to find a qualified candidate.D. The interview didn‟t go as well as he had expected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A special CD. B. A photograph of the mystery star.C. Two concert tickets.D. A latest record.12. A. After a tragic accident happened. B. When he formed the habit of using drugs.C. When his wife left him.D. After he succeeded in the late 90‟s.13. A. A free concert. B. Life of a pop star.C. A famous guitar player.D. A sad song Tears in Heaven. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B. It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C. It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D. It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.15. A. People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B. They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C. They will become too hard to plough.D. People will find it hard to protect the soil.16. A. The farmers there have brought it under control.B. The factories there have found a good use for it.C. The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.D. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends(超时尚) from one season to the next,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers‟ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful item s. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he‟d told his wife. “I‟ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight o‟clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex‟s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where‟s my toast, where‟s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy‟s underwear on his head. Randy locked(35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o‟clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife‟s away. (40)______ I bring t he boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Dogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man‟s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats‟. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University‟s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , acco rding to an official report on youth violence, “in our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren‟t s tudents taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn‟t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker‟s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 .60 , students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn‟t mean trying to figure out what‟s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even ifit doesn‟t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity about C. Complaint over D. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearer C. more complex D. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back upSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller‟s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants andthe African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the ele phants‟ signi ficant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation (保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conse rvation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researche r‟s conclusion was based on a study of the A frican elephant‟s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca‟s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist‟s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two style s most popular with the children I interviewed were …Platformers‟ and …Beat-them-ups.‟ Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated (动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children‟s cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children‟s everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive …yells‟ at the screen. It is not only the …Beat-them-up‟ games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their …lives‟ and …die‟ just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination (协调). When the player loses and the words …Game over‟ appear on th e screen, there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming …addictive‟:the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have …one last go‟ in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between …Platformers‟ and …Beat-Them-Ups‟C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce v iolent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TV or films.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Gift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America‟s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession (衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed (收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. One approach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS) 78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don‟t have to worryabout _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers‟ responding to the decline of the sales of gift cards according tothe passage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, but their efforts turned out_________________________________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期期末质量调研考试语文(文)试卷L
1.根据提示补写名句或填写课文原句。
(8分)①东风不与周郎便，。
②青女素娥俱耐冷，。
③独出门前望野田，。
④__________，江入大荒流。
⑤《次北固山下》中“__________，”一联，描写了时序交替中的景物，暗示着时光的流逝，蕴含自然理趣。
⑥《水调歌头》中表达对月圆人久的美好祝愿的诗句是_____________，____________。
2.根据提示补写名句或填写课文原句。
（8分，①一⑥每题1分，第⑦题2分）①差之毫厘， _____________。
②安不忘危，___________________。
③淡黑的起伏的连山，____________ ____，都远远地向船尾跑去了。
④青女素娥俱耐冷，_________ _______。
⑤___________ _ __________，病树前头万木春。
⑥山下兰芽短浸溪，松间沙路净无泥，__________________。
⑦苏轼《水调歌头》中“此事古难全”，“此事”是指，。
3.根据提示补写名句或填写课文原句。
（8 分，①一④每题1分，⑤一⑥每题2分）①木受绳则直，。
②__________，死而后已。
③__________，乌蒙磅礴走泥丸。
④__________，化作春泥更护花。
⑤“舍生取义”是中国古代文人所推崇的一种生死观，文天祥《过零丁洋》中的“，”就是这种生死观的真情表白。
⑥王勃《送杜少府之任蜀川》中，“，”两句，成为远隔千山万水的朋友之间表达深厚情谊的不朽名句。
1.阅读下面语段，完成小题。
（13分）每人都有一个宝藏邹扶澜①小学的时候，读唐朝诗人卢纶的诗：“林暗草惊风，将军夜引弓。
平明寻白羽，没在石棱中。
”那时读书多拘于死记硬背，意思是不深究的，只知道一位叫李广的将军，晚上出去打猎，看见一只横卧的老虎，就拉开弓猛力地射去。
他估计老虎死了。
第二天去看，发现“老虎”原是一块巨石，射出的箭深深地扎在石头里。
后来又有此诗的演化，说李广很惊奇，不相信自己有如此大的劲，又射了多次，可箭还是一支支折了，最后只好放弃。
2016闵行区高三英语一模试卷(含答案)解读
第1页共15页闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I 卷(共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A writer. B. A teacher. C. A reporter. D. A student. 2. A. In a bookstore. B. In a library. C. In a classroom. D. In an apartment. 3. A. The long walking hours. B. The hot weather. C. The boring work. D. The fan in the room. 4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity. B. She expected more people at her party. C. She threw a surprise party for her friends. D. She enjoys entertaining little children. 5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street. C. Make inquires elsewhere. D. Rent the $600 apartment. 6. A. Sick. B. Quite well. C. Excited. D. Confused. 7. A. She had the printer repaired. B. She chatted online with a friend. C. She filled in an application form. D. She ordered some paper. 8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist. B. He has been extremely busy recently.学校_______________________班级__________准考证号_________姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………。
2016闵行区高三英语一模试卷（含答案）
2016闵行区高三英语一模试卷（含答案）闵行区2015学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试英语试卷考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I 卷（第1-11页）和第II 卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I 卷 (共103分) I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A writer.B. A teacher.C. A reporter.D. A student. 2. A. In a bookstore.B. In a library.C. In a classroom.D. In an apartment. 3. A. The long walking hours.B. The hot weather.C. The boring work.D. The fan in the room.4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity.B. She expected more people at her party.C. She threw a surprise party for her friends.D. She enjoys entertaining little children.5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street. C. Make inquires elsewhere.D. Rent the $600 apartment. 6. A. Sick.B. Quite well.C. Excited.D. Confused.7. A. She had the printer repaired.B. She chatted online with a friend.C. She filled in an application form.D. She ordered some paper.8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B. He has been extremely busy recently.学校_______________________ 班级__________ 准考证号_________ 姓名______________…………………密○………………………………………封○………………………………………○线…………………………………C. He has gained some weight lately.D. He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.9. A. He doesn?t like abstract paintings.B. Women have a better artistic taste than men.C. He isn?t good at abstract thinking.D. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.10. A. He is confident he will get the job.B. His chance of getting the job is slim.C. It isn?t easy to find a qualified candidate.D. The interview didn?t go as well as he had expected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A special CD. B. A photograph of the mystery star.C. Two concert tickets.D. A latest record.12. A. After a tragic accident happened. B. When he formed the habit of using drugs.C. When his wife left him.D. After he succeeded in the late 90?s.13. A. A free concert. B. Life of a pop star.C. A famous guitar player.D. A sad song Tears in Heaven.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B. It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C. It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D. It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.15. A. People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B. They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C. They will become too hard to plough.D. People will find it hard to protect the soil.16. A. The farmers there have brought it under control.B. The factories there have found a good use for it.C. The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.D. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.The (17)________ of a shopping center.Who were those two men Henry wastalking to?Where is the shopping center? About (18)________ miles from here.What does Henry consider doing? Opening a (19)________ of his restaurant. What does the man think of his children? He doubted if they have enough (20)________experience.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.What did the woman want to know? Students? opinion on the (21)________. What did the man think of the vegetables? They were usually (22)________. What?s the man?s general comment on the food?The food was (23)________.What did the man advise? To change the (24)________.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanksto make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the nex t,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy andlow-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of always shopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers? old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) tofiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “T his will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he?d told his wife. “I?ll look after the kids, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight o?c lock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty seconds, Randy began using his spoo n on Alex?s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where?s my toast,where?s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse a fter breakfast. Mike wore Randy?s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o?clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closerexamination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad ca lled the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife?s away. (40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. indicatorB. predictC. processD. movementE. adaptF. trackedG. formationH. deliberateI. similarJ. advantageousK. surprisedDogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils(化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators(捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man?s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million yearsago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats?. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University?s Christine Janis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens(标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the wholething got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , according to an official report on youth violence, “i n our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but t he terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren?t students taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55 the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. Th e problem isn?t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflict resolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker?s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 .60 , students need to consider wh at they are hearing. This doesn?t mean trying to figure out what?s wrong with the otherperson. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply be comes smaller. Even if it doesn?t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity about C. Complaint overD. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearer C. more complex D. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back upSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)We have designed all our bank cards to make your life easier.Using your NatWest Service CardAs a Switch card, it lets you pay for all sorts of goods and services, whenever you see the Switch logo. The money comes straight out of your account, so you can spend as much as you like as long as you have enough money (or an agreed overdraft (透支) to cover it). It is also a cheque guarantee card for up to the amount shown on the card. And it gives you free access to your money from over 31,000 cash machines across the UK.Using your NatWest Cash CardYou can use your Cash Card as a Solo card to pay for goods and services wherever you see the Solo logo. It can also give you access to your account and your cash from over 31,000 cash machines nationwide. You can spend or withdraw what you have in your account, or as much as your agreed overdraft limit.Using your cards abroadYou can also use your Se rvice Card and Cash Card when you’re abroad. You can withdraw cash at cash machines and pay for goods and services wherever you see the Cirrus or Maestro logo displayed.We take a commission charge (手续费) of 2.25% of each cash withdrawal you make (up to￡4) and a commission charge of 75pence every time you use Maestro to pay for goods or services. We also apply a foreign-exchange transaction fee of 2.65%.Using your NatWest Credit CardWith your credit card you can do the following:＊Pay for goods and s ervices and enjoy up to 56 days’ interest-free credit.＊Pay in over 24 million shops worldwide that display the MasterCard or Visa logos.＊Collect one AIR MILE for every￡20 of spending that appears on your statement (结算单). (This does not inclu de foreign currency or traveler’s cheques bought, interest and other charges.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller?s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the mostconvincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the ele phants? signi ficant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation (保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conse rvation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researche r?s conclusion was based on a study of the Af rican elephant?s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca?s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist?s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two style s most popular with the children I interviewed were …Platformers? and …Beat-them-ups.? Platform games such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated(动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children?s cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children?s everydaylives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer gamesinvolves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive …yells? at the screen. It is not only the …Beat-them-up? games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their …lives? and …die? just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination (协调). When the player loses and the words …Game over? appear on the screen, there is annoyance and frustration at being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced wh en defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming …addictive?: the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have …one last go? in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between …Platformers?and …Beat-Them-Ups?C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produceviolent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TVor films.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Gift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America?s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession (衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed(收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. Oneapproach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS) 78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don?t have to worry about _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers?responding to the decline of the sales of gift cardsaccording to the passage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, but their efforts turned out_________________________________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期期末调研(一模)英语试卷及答案
上海市闵行区2016届高三上学期期末质量调研考试（一模）英语试题考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。
试卷分为第I卷（第1-11页）和第II卷（第12页），全卷共12页。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A writer. B. A teacher.C. A reporter.D. A student.2. A. In a bookstore. B. In a library.C. In a classroom.D. In an apartment.3. A. The long walking hours. B. The hot weather.C. The boring work.D. The fan in the room.4. A. She has always enjoyed great popularity.B. She expected more people at her party.C. She threw a surprise party for her friends.D. She enjoys entertaining little children.5. A. Look for a place near her office. B. Find a new job down the street.C. Make inquires elsewhere.D. Rent the $600 apartment.6. A. Sick. B. Quite well.C. Excited.D. Confused.7. A. She had the printer repaired. B. She chatted online with a friend.C. She filled in an application form.D. She ordered some paper.8. A. He prefers to wear jeans with a larger waist.B. He has been extremely busy recently.C. He has gained some weight lately.D. He enjoyed going shopping with Jane yesterday.9. A. He doesn’t like abstract paintings.B. Women have a better artistic taste than men.C. He isn’t good at abstract thinking.D. The woman possesses a natural talent for art.10. A. He is confident he will get the job.B. His chance of getting the job is slim.C. It isn’t easy to find a qualified candidate.D. The interview didn’t go as well as he had expected.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. A special CD. B. A photograph of the mystery star.C. Two concert tickets.D. A latest record.12. A. After a tragic accident happened. B. When he formed the habit of using drugs.C. When his wife left him.D. After he succeeded in the late 90’s.13. A. A free concert. B. Life of a pop star.C. A famous guitar player.D. A sad song Tears in Heaven.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. It can be used by farmers to protect large buildings.B. It was brought to the northern USA by Asian farmers.C. It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.D. It was introduced into the USA to kill harmful weeds.15. A. People will have to rely on kudzu for a living.B. They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.C. They will become too hard to plough.D. People will find it hard to protect the soil.16. A. The farmers there have brought it under control.B. The factories there have found a good use for it.C. The soil there is not so suitable for the plant.D. The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write no more than THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A few years ago, Maxine Bedat looked in her closet. It was full of clothes, but she had nothing to wear. “That was (25)______ it was a closet full of fast fashion based on hyper-trends (超时尚) from one season to the next,” said Maxine.“Fast fashion” means clothes which are inexpensive but look like (26)______ (late) designs from top fashion houses. One reason for the success of the fast fashion is the rise of the social media. A report found that Millennials (千禧一代) want to wear a variety of clothes in the photos they post on social media. As a result, many businesses which offer trendy and low-cost clothes grow quickly.However, some Millennials are not happy with the rise of fast fashion. Maxine was tired of alwaysshopping for (27)______ was in style. Instead, she wanted to buy fewer clothes she could wear over and over. So Maxine started a “slow fashion” clothing company called Zady. The clothes it sells often feature classic colors and shapes, and are made from natural materials.The international business H&M, one of the best-known fast fashion brands, has another approach to “slow fashion.” It has created a recycling program for clothes, (28)______ invites people to bring clothes they no longer want to H&M stores. Shoppers who donate old clothes can receive (29)______ discount on new things they buy. After that, H&M does several things with shoppers’ old clothes. Some of them are sold again. Some are turned into other useful items. And the rest (30)______(reduce) to fiber (纤维制品) that can be reused as building materials.Here (31)______(come) stylish but sustainable fashion. Are you ready to move over fast fashion?(B)Brad closed the door slowly as Sue left home to visit her mother. (32) ______(Expect) a whole day to relax, he was thinking whether to read the newspaper or watch his favourite TV talk show on his first day off in months. “This will be (33)______ a walk in the park,” he’d told his wife. “I’ll look after the kid s, and you can go visit your mom.”Things started well, but just after eight o’clock, his three little “good kids”—Mike, Randy, and Alex—came down the stairs in their night clothes and shouted “breakfast, daddy.” When food had not appeared within thirty se conds, Randy began using his spoon on Alex’s head (34) ______ ______ it were a drum. Alex started to shout loudly in time to the beat. Mike chanted “Where’s my toast, where’s my toast” in the background. Brad realized his newspaper would have to wait for a few seconds.Life became worse after breakfast. Mike wore Randy’s underwear on his head. Randy locked (35) ______ in the bathroom, while Alex shouted again because he was going to wet his pants. Nobody could find clean socks, (36) ______ they were before their very eyes. Someone (37) ______(name) “Not Me” had spilled a whole glass of orange juice into the basket of clean clothes. Brad knew the talk show had already started.By ten o’clock, things were out of control. Alex was wondering why the fish in the jar refused his bread and butter. Mike was trying to show off his talent by decorating the kitchen wall with his colour pencils. Randy, thankfully, appeared (38) ______(draw) a picture quietly in the family room，but closer examination showed that he was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands. Brad realized that the talk show was over and (39)______(read) would be impossible.At exactly 11:17, Brad called the daycare centre. “I suddenly have to go into work and my wife’s away.(40)______ I bring the boys over in a few minutes?” The answer was obviously “yes” because Brad was smiling.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be usedDogs Used to Be More Like CatsResearchers studying fossils (化石) of the early ancestors of dogs that lived up to 40 million years ago believe the predators (捕食性动物) evolved as a direct consequence of climate change. The study claims the (41)______ transformed man’s best friend from a creature that behaved more like a cat, into the canine (犬) we know and love today.Ancestors of dogs living in North America 40 million years ago were ambush (伏击式) predators—in a(n) (42)______ way to cats’. But a million years later, the thick forest that once covered the continent began to give way to grasslands. This led to a(n) (43)______ in the body shape and hunting behavior of dogs, turning them into animals that no longer (44)______ their prey (猎物), but chased it down instead.This evolutionary transition was (45)______ by the scientists who examined the elbows and teeth of 32 species of dogs that lived between 40 million and two million years ago.“The elbow is a really good (46)______ of what carnivores (食肉动物) are doing with their forelimbs (前肢), which tells their entire (47)______ abilities,” said Brown University’s Christine J anis, who led the study.The research was based on an analysis of fossil specimens (标本) in the American Museum of Natural History in New York. It suggests dog evolution was directly related to climate change. After all, it was not (48)______ to operate as a pursuit-and-pounce predator until there was room to run.If predators evolved with climate change over the last 40 million years, the authors argue they may continue to (49)______ in response to the present global warming trend. In this way, the results of the study could help (50)______ how animals may look in the future.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Two friends have an argument that breaks up their friendship forever, even though neither one can remember how the whole thing got started. Such sad events happen over and over in high schools across the country. 51 , according to an official report on youth violence, “in our country today, the greatest threat to the lives of children and adolescents is not disease or starvation or abandonment, but the terrible reality of violence”. Given that this is the case, why aren’t students taught to manage 52 the way they are taught to solve math problems or stay physically fit?First of all, students need to realize that conflict is 53 . A report indicates that most violent incidents between students begin with a relatively minor 54 . For example, a fight could start over the fact that one student eats a peanut butter sandwich each lunchtime. 55the sandwich can lead to insults, which in turn can lead to violence. The problem isn’t in the sandwich, but in the way students deal with the conflict.Once students recognize that conflict is unavoidable, they can 56 the golden rule of conflictresolution: stay calm. Once the student feels calmer, he should choose words that will calm the other person down as well. Rude words and accusation only add fuel to the emotional fire. On the other hand, 57 words spoken at a normal sound level can put out the fire before it explodes out of control.After both sides have calmed down, they can use another key 58 for conflict resolution: listening. Listening allows the two sides to understand each other. One person should describe his or her side, and the other person should listen without interrupting. Afterward, the listener can ask non-threatening questions to make the speaker’s position clear. Then the two people should change 59 .60 , students need to consider what they are hearing. This doesn’t mean trying to figure out what’s wrong with the other person. It means understanding what the real issue is and what both sides are trying to 61 . For example, a shouting match over a peanut butter sandwich might happen because one person thinks the other person is unwilling to try new things. Students need to ask themselves questions such as these: How did this start? What do I really want? What am I afraid of? As the issue becomes 62 , the conflict often simply becomes smaller. Even if it doesn’t, 63 thought helps both sides figure out a better solution.After students started a conflict resolution, there has been an increase in student 64 . Learning to resolve conflicts can help students 65 friends, teachers, parents, bosses and coworkers. In that way, conflict resolution is a basic life skill that should be taught in schools across the country.51. A. As a result B. In fact C. By contrast D. On the contrary52. A. conflict B. lives C. relationships D. affairs53. A. violent B. global C. unresolved D. unavoidable54. A. remark B. assumption C. insult D. resolution55. A. Preference for B. Particularity about C. Complaint over D. Laughter over56. A. interpret B. practice C. assess D. bend57. A. soft B. tough C. critical D. clear58. A. measure B. strategy C. assessment D. application59. A. responses B. attitudes C. roles D. intentions60. A. Contrarily B. Relatively C. Consequently D. Finally61. A. accomplish B. ignore C. foresee D. seek62. A. wider B. clearer C. more complex D. more critical63. A. unselfish B. initial C. inspiring D. careful64. A. cooperation B. argument C. gratitude D. support65. A. admire B. select C. deal with D. back upSection BDirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)(You may read the questions first.)66. If you carry the Service Card or the Cash Card, ________.A. you can use it to guarantee things as you wishB. you can draw your money from cash machines convenientlyC. you can spend as much money as you like without a limitD. you have to pay some extra money when you pay for services in the UK67. If you withdraw￡200 from a cash machine abroad, you will be charged ________.A. ￡4B. ￡4.5C. ￡5.25D. ￡5.368. Which of the following is TRUE about using your NatWest Credit Card?A. You have to pay back with interest within 56 days.B. You can use the card in any shop across the world.C. You will be charged some interest beyond two months.D. You will gain one air mile if you spend ￡20 on traveller’s cheques.69. The purpose of the passage is to show you how to ________.A. pay for goods with your cardsB. use your cards abroadC. draw cash with your cardsD. play your cards right(B)A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct species. The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and mastodon to modern elephants—the Asian elephant, African forest elephant and African savanna (热带草原) elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列) from two fossils，mammoths and mastodons，the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephants and the African forest elephants have been distinct species for several million years. The separation of the two species took place around the time of the separation of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been a debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significa nt size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistant professor in the department of Animal Sciences at the University of Minois, said,“We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation(保护) purpose. Since 1950 all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna elephants are two very distinct animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority for conservation purpose.”70. One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.A. the Asian elephantB. the forest elephantC. the savanna elephantD. the mastodon elephant71. The researcher’s conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s ________.A. DNAB. heightC. weightD. population72. Alfred Roca’s words were mainly about ________.A. the purpose of studying African elephantsB. the conservation of African elephantsC. the way to divide African elephants into two unitsD. the reason for the distinction of African elephants73. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants.B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants.C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants.D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants.(C)A big focus of the criticism of computer games has concerned the content of the games being played. When the story of the games is analyzed they can be seen to fall into some styles. The two styles most popular with the children I interviewed were ‘Platformers’ and ‘Beat-them-ups.’ Platform game s such as Sonic and Super Mario involve leaping from platform to platform, avoiding obstacles, moving on through the levels, and progressing through the different stages of the game. Beat-them-ups are the games which have caused concern over their violent content. These games involve fights between animated(动画的) characters. In many ways this violence can be compared to violence within children’s cartoons where a character is hit over the head or falls off a cliff but walks away unscathed.Argument has occurred in part because of the intensity of the game play, which is said to spill over into children’s everyday lives. There are worries that children are becoming more violent and aggressive after longtime exposure to these games. Playing computer games involves feelings of intense frustration and anger which often expresses itself in aggressive ‘yells’ at the screen. It is not only the ‘Beat-them-up’ games which produce this aggression; platform games are just as frustrating when the characters lose all their ‘lives’ and ‘die’ just before the end of the level is reached. Computer gaming relies upon intense concentration on the moving images on the screen and demands great hand-to-eye coordination(协调). When the player loses and the words ‘Game over’ appea r on the screen, there is annoyance and frustrationat being beaten by the computer and at having made an error. This anger and aggression could perhaps be compared to the aggression felt when playing football and you take your eye off the ball and enable the opposition to score. The annoyance experienced when defeated at a computer game is what makes gaming ‘addictive’: the player is determined not to make the same mistake again and to have ‘one last go’ in the hope of doing better next time.Some of the concern over the violence of computer games has been about children who are unable to tell the difference between fiction and reality and who act out the violent moves of the games in fight on the playground. The problem with video games is that they involve children more than television or films and this means there are more implications for their social behavior. Playing these games can lead to anti-social behavior, make children aggressive and affect their emotional stability.74. The best title for the passage is _______.A. How to control anger while playing computer gamesB. There is no difference between ‘Platformers’ and ‘Beat-Them-Ups’C. How does playing computer games affect the level of violence in childrenD. How to make children spend less time on computer games75. The word “unscathed” in Paragraph 1 probably means ________.A. unharmedB. unbeatenC. unsettledD. unhappy76. According to Paragraph 2, how does violence relate to playing computer games?A. Beat-Them-Ups are more popular with children therefore more likely to produce v iolent behavior.B. When losing computer games children tend to experience frustration and anger.C. People who have good hand-eye-coordination tend to be more violent than others.D. The violent content in the games gets children addicted to the games.77. According to the author, why do video games lead to violence more than TV or movies?A. Because children cannot tell fiction from reality.B. Because children like to act out the scenes in the games on the playground.C. Because computer games can produce more anti-social behavior.D. Because computer games involve children more than TV or films.Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Gift certificates, or rather their high-tech new replacements, gift cards, are America’s most popular present. They spare gift-givers the tension of choosing anything specific, and receivers the horror of having to keep the result. Retailers like them too, because they are quite profitable. But like most goods in the recession (衰退), they have become harder to shift, prompting some radical redesigns.Gift cards are profitable because retailers receive money for them up from, and around 10% of them are never redeemed(收回), according to Lew Paine of the GFK Group, a market-research firm. When people do use them, they often spend more than the amount given, on products with high margins.But sales of gift cards were down by around 6% last year in America, to about $25 billion, partly because discounts in stores were so steep that customers saw more value in buying products directly. Bankruptcies (破产) among retailers also scared people away from gift cards, for fear that stores would not be around to honour them. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards which can be used in various stores, including Visa and American Express, came under fire for charging monthly maintenance fees on unspent balances.Analysts expect another tough holiday season for gift cards this year. Sales will be down by about 5%, projects Archstone Consulting, which studies the business. Retailers are trying to counter this decline by making gift cards more attractive. One approach is to add nifty (俏皮的) packaging. Target, for example, is selling gift cards that double as wind-up toys or play recorded greetings. Other retailers have launched schemes that let people e-mail one another electronic gift certificates, which the receivers can then print out for use.Some retailers have even given gift cards away in an effort to drum up business. Neiman Marcus, for example, sent $50 gift cards to big customers to tempt them back for further shopping. Target will give a $l0 gift card to people who spend $l00 before noon on the Friday after Thanksgiving, which is considered the start of the holiday shopping season. Such handouts can be cheaper than sharp store-wide discounts, which proved destructive to profits last year. Expiration dates add a sense of urgency, which retailers are eager to promote.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 10 WORDS)78. The reason for the popularity of gift cards to gift-givers is that they don’t have to worryabout _________________________________________________.79. Some financial-services companies that offer gift cards were criticized last year because___________________________________.80. Give one example of retailers’ responding to the decline of the sales of gift cards according to thepassage.81. Retailers gave out handouts to promote consumption last year, but their efforts turned out_________________________________.第II 卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.82. 屠呦呦是中国第一个被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
上海市闵行区高三上学期质量调研考试化学试题含答案.doc
闵行区2016学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试 化学试卷考生注意：1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题纸上将学校、姓名及准考证号填写清楚，并在规定的区域填涂相 关信息。
答题时客观题用2B 铅笔涂写，主观题用黑色水笔填写。
2. 本试卷共有44题，共4页。
满分100分，考试时间60分钟。
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可能用到的相对原子质量：H-10-16 Al-27 Fe-56一、选择题(本题共40分，每小题2分，每题只有一个正确选项) 1. 工业上生产乙烯、丙烯的主要方法是 A.裂化 B.干徭2. 熔点最高的品体是 A.干冰 B.食盐3. 原子的种类取决于 A.质子数 C.质子数和中子数4. 化学式能表示物质分子组成的是 A. C G H GB. SiOz5. 用浓盐酸配制1 : 1(体积比)的稀盐酸(约6mol/L) 100mL,应选用的定量仪器 A.量筒氏滴定管C. 50n )L 容量瓶D. lOOmL 容量瓶6. 将Na 、血0、NaHSO 4＞干冰、Si 分别加热熔化,需要克服的作用力有 A. 2种B. 3种C. 4种D. 5种7. 下列溶液中通入S02 —定不会产生沉淀的是 A. Ba(0H)2B. Na 2SC. Ba(NO B )2D. BaCb8. 分离混合液①乙酸乙酯和乙酸钠溶液②乙醇和丁醇的方法依次是 A.分液、蒸馅 B.萃取、蒸徭 C.分液、萃取 D.蒸徭、萃取9. 常温下，由水电离的c(lD=lX10_,3mol/L 的溶液中一定不可能大量存在的离子是 A. NH,B. HSOa -C. A102"D. Fe 3+10. 16O'P 的“16”表示的含义是氧元素的c.分憾c.碳化硅B. 质量数 D.原子序数C. NaOHD.裂解D.金刚石D. NHiClC.某种同位素质量数11. 不能说明醋酸是弱电解质的是12. 有关实验叙述不正确的是A. 滴定管、容量瓶和分液漏斗使用前都要检漏、干燥B. 滴定管没有用标准液润洗，会导致测定结果偏高C. 滴定管中加标准液后，要调节液面位置在零刻度或以下D. 胆矶结晶水含量测定时，需用小火缓慢加热，防止晶体飞溅 13. 反应A 2(g)+B 2(g) ->2AB(g)的能量变化如图所示,叙述正确的是A.该反应是放热反应D.若反应生成AB 为液态，吸收的热量小于(a-b) kJ14. 室温下，pll=4的盐酸和pH = 10的氨水等体积混合后，所得溶液的pH 值 A. 一定大于7 B. 一定等于7 C. 一定小于7 D.可能大于7 15. 实现 A13++3A1O2_+6H 2O->A1(OH)3 I ,正确的做法是 A.向铝盐溶液中不断加入小苏打 B.向偏铝酸钠溶液中不断滴加盐酸 C.向烧碱溶液屮不断滴入铝盐溶液0.向铝盐溶液屮不断滴入烧碱溶液16. 右图是模拟铁的电化学防护装置，不正确的叙述是 A.此装置属于原电池B.此装置中电子从铁经导线流向锌 Zn 1]Fe□ □ & C.此装置屮的铁极上发生还原反应n 3D.该电化学防护法称为“牺牲阳极阴极保护法”17. 反应2A(g) = 2B(g)+E(g)-Q(Q>0),达到平衡时，要使正反应速率降低，A 的浓度增 大，应采収的措施是A.缩小体积加压B.扩大体积减压C.增加E 的浓度D.降温某种同位素质子数A.醋酸溶液导电性差醋酸溶液中存在醋酸分了 0.醋酸钠溶液呈碱性0. 1 mol/L 醋酸溶液的pH=2. 9加入催化剂，(b-a)的差值减小 C.每生成2mo 1 AB 分子吸收bkj 热量18.120 mL含有0. 20 niol碳酸钠的溶液和200 mL1.5 mol/L盐酸，①将前者滴加入后者，②将后者滴加入前者。
上海市闵行区2016届高三第一学期质量调研考试语文试题(精)
上海市闵行区2016届高三第一学期质量调研考试语文试题(精)9 XXXX上海市闵行区高中三级语言模型试卷一读(80分(一读以下，完成试题1-6(1)7分说他和赵等人(1)从去年开始，一些最著名的大导演或娱乐明星都表达了这种观点，认为文化没有高雅和低俗之分，甚至认为没有什么高雅，其实全是低俗这是一个重要的信号毫不奇怪，大众文化越来越受欢迎。
然而，如果在流行文化成为主旋律之后，有必要进一步彻底否定高雅文化的存在，问题将会有点大。
一位著名的西方学者关心中国。
他对“不健康”感到惊讶...健康”的当代中国文化。
中国的艺术家和导演现在经常用淫秽下流的眼光来看待人、生活和各种事物。
②现代社会有一个特点叫做平等。
平等必须符合某种标准。
古人说他们应该见贤思齐。
这是通过与更高、更好的事物结盟而形成的平等。
例如，优秀的作品应该成为公共资源，这样每个人都有机会看到优秀的作品。
好的教育不能被某些人垄断。
它应该是开放和平等的。
每个人都应该有机会接触更好的文化，然后才能得到提高。
最后，每个人都应该在一个更好、更高的层次上保持一致。
这就是人人都得到优化的平等。
这种越看越低的平等是一种集体堕落的平等。
文化重建的问题似乎值得考虑。
③文化重建是个大问题。
有两件事需要关注。
一是重述自己，重建中国自己的思想和文化叙事。
另一方面，我们应该谈论别人，面对世界，用中国的思想解释世界上的各种事情。
(4)他自己说，中国自己的思想文化建设，还只是初步的从目前的主流话语来看，我们更多的还是从西方的角度来看待中国。
这是西方人看中国，不算中国自己的独立思想。
现在一些中国学者开始创造新的中国概念或重建中国叙事，如王辉的《中国思想史的再叙述》，还有很多人的作品。
这样的努力和观点是可以讨论的，但关键是一起做事情。
谈论别人也很重要目前，说自己不多的人数甚至更少。
根据西方人对西方故事的看法，这仍然相当于翻译。
问题是，我们对西方的独立看法是什么？如果从西方的角度看中国的事务，从西方的角度看西方的事务，甚至世界的事务，我们在做什么？最多的是西方观点的汇编。
上海市闵行区2016届高三第一学期质量调研考试语文试题(精)
2016年上海闵行区高三语文一模试卷一阅读（80分（一阅读下文，完成第1—6题。
（1 7分说自己和说别人赵汀阳①去年以来，有些最具知名度的大导演或娱乐明星纷纷表达了这样的观点，认为文化没什么雅俗之分,甚至认为没有雅的东西，其实全都俗。
这是一个重要的信号。
如果说俗文化受众多,更为火爆，这不奇怪。
但是如果俗文化成为主旋律之后，还要进一步彻底否定雅文化的存在，问题就有点大了。
有位西方著名学者比较关心中国，他对中国当下文化的不健..康.感到吃惊，中国现在的艺术家和导演往往用很猥亵很脏的眼光去看人、看生活、看各种事物。
②现代社会有一个特征叫做平等，平等就要向某种标准对齐，古人说要见贤思齐这是往更高更好的事物看齐而形成的平等，比如说,优秀作品应该成为公共资源，让一切人有机会看到优秀作品，良好的教育不能被某些人霸占，应该是开放的、平等的, 人人有机会接触更好的文化，然后都能得到提高，最后大家都在更好更高的层面对齐,这是人人得到优化的平等。
像现在的这种向低看齐、向下看齐的平等是一种集体堕落的平等。
看来文化重建这个问题值得考虑。
③文化重建是个大问题，有两件事情值得关心，一是重新说自己，重建中国自己的思想和文化叙事。
另一方面要去说别人，要面对世界，用中国思想去解释世界各种事情。
④说自己，中国自身的思想和文化重构，目前还是初步的。
从目前的话语主流来说，还是用西方的观念看中国的多，这是替西方人看中国，不算中国自己独立思想。
现在已经有一些中国学者开始创作新的中国观念，或者重构中国叙事，比如汪晖重新叙述的中国思想史，还有许多人的工作，诸如此类的努力，观点都可以商榷，但关键是要把事情做起来。
⑤说别人，也是很重要的事情。
目前，说自己不多，说别人就更少了。
按照西方人的想说西方人的故事，这还是等于翻译。
问题是我们关于西方有什么自己的独立见解。
假如中国的事情用西方观点看，西方的事情乃至世界的事情也用西方观点看，那我们自己在做什么？最多就是西方观点的编译工作。
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1闵行区2016学年第一学期高三质量调研考试物 理 试 卷考生注意：1．第I 卷（1—12题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题纸上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B 铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题纸上编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
2．第II 卷（13—20题）由人工网上阅卷。
考生应用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔将第II 卷所有试题的答案写在答题纸上，（作图可用铅笔）。
3．第18、19、20题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。
只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分。
有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
4．全卷共6页。
满分100分。
考试时间60分钟。
第I 卷（共40分）一、单选题（共40分，每题有且只有一个正确答案，1-8题每题3分，9-12题每题4分）1．教科书中这样表述牛顿第一定律：一切物体总保持匀速直线运动状态或静止状态，直到有外力迫使它改变这种状态为止。
其中“改变这种状态”指的是改变物体的（ ）（A ）加速度 （B ）速度 （C ）位置 （D ）受力2．如图所示是一个玩具陀螺，a 、b 和c 是陀螺表面上的三个点. 当陀螺绕垂直于地面的轴线以角速度ω稳定旋转时，下列表述正确的是（ ）（A ）a 、b 和c 三点的线速度大小相等 （B ）a 、b 两点的线速度始终相同（C ）a 、b 两点的角速度比c 的角速度大（D ）a 、b 两点的加速度比c 点的加速度大3．如图所示，欲使在粗糙斜面上匀速下滑的木块A 停下，可采用的方法是（ ）（A ）增大斜面的倾角 （B ）对木块A 施加一个垂直于斜面向下的力（C ）对木块A 施加一个竖直向下的力 （D ）在木块A 上再叠放一个重物4．下列实验中不属于．．．用模拟法进行实验的是（ ） （A ）用导电纸描绘静电场中平面上的等势线（B ）用铁屑显示通电导线周围的磁感线分布2（C ）将一桶钢珠连续倒在一台秤上，以台秤上显示持续的压力来说明气体压强的成因（D ）用油膜法估测分子直径5．如图，开口向下的玻璃管竖直插在水银槽中，管内封闭了一定质量的气体，管内液面高于水银槽中液面。
保持气体温度不变，缓慢地将玻璃管向下压。
能描述该过程中管内气体状态变化的图像是（箭头表示状态的变化方向）（ ）6．一金属容器置于绝缘板上，带电小球用绝缘细线悬挂于容器中，容器内的电场线分布如图所示。
容器内表面为等势面，A 、B 为容器内表面上的两点。
下列说法正确的是（ ）（A ）A 点的电场强度比B 点的大（B ）小球表面的电势比容器内表面的低（C ）B 点的电场强度方向与该处内表面垂直（D ）将检验电荷从A 点沿不同路径移到B 点，电场力所做的功不同7．中国宋代科学家沈括在《梦溪笔谈》中最早记载了地磁偏角：“以磁石磨针锋，则能指南，然常微偏东，不全南也。
“进一步研究表明，地球周围地磁场的磁感线分布示意如图。
结合上述材料，下列说法正确的是（ ）（A ）地理南、北极与地磁场的南、北极重合（B ）地球内部也存在磁场，地磁南极在地理南极附近（C ）地球表面任意位置的地磁场方向都与地面平行（D ）在地球表面上，赤道处的磁感应强度小于两极处的磁感应强度8．图甲是利用沙摆演示简谐运动图像的装置。
当盛沙的漏斗下面的薄木板被水平匀速拉出时，做简谐运动的漏斗漏出沙，在板上显示出沙摆漏下沙子的痕迹。
已知木板被水平拉动的速度为0.20m/s ，图乙所示的一段木板的长度为0.60m ，则这次实验沙摆的摆长大约为（取g ＝π2 m/s 2）（ ）（A ）0.56m （B ）0.65m（C ）1.00m （D ）2.25m甲乙39．将甲乙两小球先后以同样的速度在距地面不同高度处竖直向上抛出，抛出时间间隔2s ，它们运动的图像分别如直线甲、乙所示。
则（ ） （A ）两球从抛出至落回到抛出点的时间间隔均为3s （B ）t ＝2 s 时，两球的高度相差一定为40 m （C ）t ＝4 s 时，两球相对于各自的抛出点的位移相等 （D ）两球从抛出至落到地面所用的时间间隔相等10．如图所示，条形磁铁放在光滑的斜面上（斜面固定不动），用平行于斜面的轻弹簧拉住而平衡，A 为水平放置的直导线的截面，导线中无电流时，磁铁对斜面的压力为F 1；当导线中通有电流时，发现弹簧的伸长量减小，设此时磁铁对斜面的压力为F 2。
则（ ）（A ）F 1＞F 2，A 中电流方向向内（B ）F 1＞F 2，A 中电流方向向外（C ）F 1＜F 2，A 中电流方向向内（D ）F 1＜F 2，A 中电流方向向外11．如图，一带负电荷的油滴在匀强电场中运动，其轨迹在竖直平面内，且相对于过轨迹最低点P 的竖直线对称。
忽略空气阻力，由此可知（ ）（A ）油滴可能做匀速圆周运动（B ）油滴在Q 点的动能比它在P 点的大（C ）油滴在Q 点的电势能比它在P 点的大（D ）油滴在Q 点的加速度比它在P 点的小12．如图所示，AB 、AC 两光滑细杆组成的直角支架固定在竖直平面内，AB 与水平面的夹角为30°，两细杆上分别套有带孔的a 、b 两小球，在细线作用下处于静止状态，细线恰好水平。
某时刻剪断细线，在两球下滑到底端的过程中，下列说法中正确的是（ ）（A ）a 、b 两球重力做功相同（B ）小球a 受到的弹力等于小球b 受到的弹力（C ）a 、b 两球到底端时速度相同（D ）小球a 重力做功的平均功率大于小球b 重力做功的平均功率第II 卷（共60分）二．填空题.（20分，每小题4分）13．右图为利用发波水槽得到的水面波形图，甲图样是水面波的__________现象；乙图样是水面波的_________现象。
C414．某气体的摩尔质量为M ，分子质量为m ，摩尔体积为V m 。
则阿伏加德罗常数可表示为__________；该气体单位体积所含气体分子数为__________。
15．三个用电器均标有“110V 20W ”，将其中两个并联后再与第三个串联，然后接于电源上，当每个用电器均不超过额定功率时，这个电路最多消耗电功率为________W ，此时电源输出电压为________V 。
16．在用伏安法测电池电动势和内阻的实验中，测得最大路端电压为U a ＝1.2V ，最大电流为I b ＝0.5A 。
实验共记录五组数据，作图得到伏-安图线，如图所示．则该电池的内阻为_____Ω；测量范围内电池最大输出效率为_________%。
17．一辆机动车在平直的公路上由静止启动做直线运动，图中图线A 表示该车运动的速度和时间的关系，图线B 表示车的功率和时间的关系。
设车在运动过程中阻力不变，车在6s 末前做匀加速运动，在16s 末开始匀速运动。
可知车在运动过程中阻力为_____N ，车的质量为______kg 。
三、综合题（18题为实验题，19、20题为计算题） 18．（12分）（1）在如图所示的“用DIS 研究机械能守恒定律”实验中，有实验1和实验2两部分。
使用定位挡片进行的实验1的目的是________（填“定性”或“定量”）研究机械能守恒定律；使用光电门进行的实验2的目的是_________（填“定性”或“定量”）研究机械能守恒定律。
甲 乙 8 速度（m /s ） 104 功率（×103W ）16 15 0 187156 1222时间（s ） A B 455（2）实验2有如下步骤，其中有一步骤错误，请找出并写出该步骤的正确内容______________________________①开启电源，运行DIS 应用软件，打开实验条目中的“研究机械能守恒定律”软件界面。
②卸下“定位挡片”和“小标尺盘”，安装光电门传感器并接入数据采集器。
③摆锤置于A 点，点击“开始记录”，同时释放摆锤，摆锤通过D 点的速度将自动记录在表格的对应处。
④把光电门传感器放在标尺盘最底端的D 点，并以此作为零势能点。
A 、B 、C 点相对于D 点的高度已事先输入，作为计算机的默认值。
⑤点击“数据计算”，计算D 点的势能、动能和机械能。
⑥依次将摆锤放在标尺盘的B 、C 点，重复实验，得到相应的数据。
⑦测量摆锤的直径Δs 及其质量m ，将数据输入软件界面内。
（3）请将实验2按更正后的正确实验步骤进行排序______________________________。
（4）该实验的结论是_______________________________________________________。
19．（13分）如图甲为便利运输工具双轮行李小车，送水员用双轮小车运送桶装矿泉水，图乙为装水后小车截面示意图，在拉运过程图示角度保持不变，已知桶装矿泉水的总质量为20kg ，不计桶与小车之间摩擦力的影响（g取10m/s 2，sin37°＝0.6，cos37°＝0.8）（1）送水员拉动小车使矿泉水和小车一起以a ＝5m/s 2的加速度水平向右做匀加速直线运动时，分析矿泉水桶的受力情况，并分别求出小车P 、Q 侧面对桶的支持力大小；（2）送水员拉动小车使矿泉水和小车一起以相同的加速度水平向右做匀加速直线运动的最大加速度大小。
20．（15分）如图所示，两个带正电的小球A 、B 套在一个倾斜的光滑直杆上，两球均可视为点电荷，其中A 球固定，带电量Q A ＝2×10-4C ，B 球的质量为m ＝0.1kg 。
以A 为坐标原点，沿杆向上建立直线坐标系，B 球的总势能随坐标x 的变化规律如图中曲线I 所示，B 球的重力势能随坐标x 的变化规律如图中直线II 所示。
图中M 点离A 点距离为6m 。
（g 取10m/s 2，静电力恒量k ＝9.0×109N·m 2/C 2。
）求：（1）杆与水平面的夹角θ；（2）B 球的带电量Q B ；（3）M 点电势φM ；（4）若B 球以E k0＝4J 的初动能从M 点开始沿杆向上滑动，求B 球运动过程中离A 球的最近距离及此时B 球的加速度。
定位挡片 标尺盘 光电门 摆锤释放器xBMOAθ甲乙67闵行区2016学年第一学期高三质量调研考试评 分 标 准一、选择题 （ 1-8题每题3分，9-12题每题4分，共40分）二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）13．衍射，干涉14．M m ，M mV m 15．30，16516．1.2，8017．1500，562.5 三、综合题（共40分）18．（1）定性，定量（第一空1分，第二空2分）（2）⑥错误。
改为“依次将光电门传感器放在标尺盘的C 、B 两点”（指出错误步骤1分，光电门1分，C 、B 顺序1分，共3分）（3）2174356或2147356（3分，有错误不得分）（4）在只有重力做功的条件下，物体的动能与势能可以相互转化，但机械能的总量保持不变。