英语被动语态的翻译举例
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英语被动句的翻译举例
英语被动句翻译为汉语时,应根据具体情况灵活掌握。
1. 用“被”、“由”、“受(到)”、“挨”、“得到”、“给”、“叫……给”、“让……(给)”、
“是……的”、“为……所”、“加以”等译成汉语的被动句。例如:
1)The door was mended by him.
门被他修好了。/ 门叫(让)他给修好了。/ 门是他修的。
2)He was praised(表扬). But we were criticized(批评;责备).
3)The machine is used by many people. 这台机器为(被)许多人所使用。
4)The problem must be studied carefully. 这个问题必须仔细加以研究。
2. 借助句中的状语等做主语,译成汉语的主动句。例如:
1)All kinds of drinks are sold in that supermarket.
在那家超市里卖各种各样的饮料。或:那家超市卖各种各样的饮料。
2)Table tennis is played all over China.
中国各地都打乒乓球。
3.按照英语句子的主谓顺序,译成可省“被”字的汉语句。例如:
1)His homework has just been done.
他的家庭作业刚做完。
2)The food has been eaten up.
食物已吃光了。
4.成汉语的无主句。例如:
1)Soon the news was received.
不久就收到了那个消息。也可译为:不久那个消息就收到了。
2)After a while, many people were seen to run out.
过来一会儿,看到许多人跑了出来。
5. 添加“有人”、“人们”、“大家”、“我们”等泛指的主语译成汉语。或译为“据……”。
例如:
1)He was seen to take the book.
有人看见他拿走了那本书。
2)Air is known to be a mixture of gases.
人们(大家,我们)都知道空气是一种气体的混合物。
3)She is said to know nothing about it.
据说她对这件事什么也不知道。
4)It is said that …. 据说……
It is well known that …. 大家知道……;众所周知……
It is believed that …. 有人相信……
It will be said that…. 有人(将)会说……
It was reported that…据报道……
6. 改译成主动句。例如:
1)A new dress was made for me by my mother.
我妈妈给我做了一条新裙子。
2)I was given many nice presents on my birthday.
在我的生日那天,我收到了许多漂亮的礼物。