运营管理PPT(英文版)

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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Cellular/Group Layout
• Group technology, or cellular
manufacturing, classifies parts into families so that efficient mass-production-type layouts can be designed for the families of goods or services.
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Exhibit 8.2 Process Layout for a Machine Shop
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Cellular/Group Layout
• Group layouts are used to centralize people expertise and equipment capability. • Examples: groups of different equipment (called cells) needed for producing families of goods or services, group legal (labor law, bankruptcy, divorce, etc.) or medical specialties (maternity, oncology, surgery, etc.).
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Types of Facility Layouts
• A product layout is an arrangement based
• Examples: legal offices, shoe manufacturing, jet engine turbine blades, and hospitals use a process layout.
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Other Facility Layout Issues • Essentially, a good layout should support the ability of operations to accomplish its mission. • If the facility layout is flawed in some way, process efficiency and effectiveness suffers. • In manufacturing, facility layout is generally unique, and changes can be accomplished without much difficulty.
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Types of Facility Layouts
• A process layout consists of a functional
grouping of equipment or activities that do similar work.
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Facility layout refers to the specific arrangement of physical facilities. Facility-layout studies are
necessary whenever (1) a new facility is constructed, (2) there is a significant change in demand or throughput volume, (3) a new good or service is introduced to the customer benefit package, or (4) different processes, equipment, and/or technology are installed.
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Exhibit 8.1 Product Layout for Wine Manufacturer
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Purposes of layout studies are to: • minimize delays in materials handling and customer movement, • maintain flexibility, • use labor and space effectively, • promote high employee morale and customer satisfaction, • provide for good housekeeping and maintenance, & • enhance sales as appropriate in manufacturing and service facilities.
on the sequence of operations that are performed during the manufacturing of a good or delivery of a service.
• Examples: winemaking industry, credit card processing, Subway sandwich shops, paper manufacturers, insurance policy processing, and automobile assembly lines.
OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT
Goods, Services and Value Chains
CHAPTER 8
Facility and Work Design
DAVID A. COLLIER AND JAMES R. EVANS
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 1 Goods, Services, and Operations Management Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western ©2007 Thomson South-Wesement, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Other Facility Layout Issues • For service firms, however, the facility layout is often duplicated in hundreds or thousands of sites. This makes it extremely important that the layout be designed properly, as changes can be extremely costly. • Also see Supply Chain Design for Multisite Services in Chapter 9.
Operations Management, 2e/Ch. 8 Facility and Work Design ©2007 Thomson South-Western
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Chapter 8 Facility and Work Design
Types of Facility Layouts
• Product Layout • Advantages of product layouts include lower work-in-process inventories, shorter processing times, less material handling, lower labor skills, and simple planning and control systems. • Disadvantages include a breakdown at one workstation can cause the entire process to shut down, a change in product design or the introduction of new products may require major changes in the layout, and little job satisfaction.