2016中石油职称英语考试大纲模拟试题一

模拟试題一I. Vocabulary SectionADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.1.I could just see a car in the distance, but I couldn't ____ what color it was.A. make outB. look toC. look outD. take in2.He mumbled something and blushed as though a secret had been____A. imposedB. exposedC. composedD. opposed3.You should these tables and buy new ones.A. throw offB. throw downC. throw upD. throw away4.___ ____ their suggestions， we will discuss them fully at the next meeting.A. In regard forB. In regard toC. With regard ofD. Regardless for5.On cloudy nights it is not possible to see the stars with ____ eye.A. nakedB. bareC. fleshD. pure6.Many new _____ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A. opportunitiesB. necessitiesC. probabilitiesD. realities7.I found myself completely _ ____ by his vivid performance.A. carried outB. carried offC. carried awayD. carried on8.Although the examination he had passed was unimportant, his success ____ him in hislater study.A. persuadedB. promisedC. urgedD. encouraged9.This is the first time you have been late.A. under no circumstancesB. on no accountC. by no meansD. for no reason10.The taxi had to because the traffic light had turned red.A. set upB. catch upC. shut upD. pull upSection BDirections: There are 10 sentences in this section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are to choose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of the original sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.-11.The roof of the house was practically falling in and the front steps were rotting away.A. almostB. essentiallyC. alwaysD. conveniently12.The greatest physical distinction between humans and apes is the hollow space humans haveunder their chins.A. attractionB. dangerC. comfortD. difference13.Scientists are trying to develop computers that will simulate the human thought process.A. substituteB. assumeC. projectD. reflect14.Tenants do not own their own apartments, they merely occupy the dwellings.A. intellectualsB. rentersC. colonizersD. contractors15.Buddhist monks claim to detach their minds from their bodies.A. separateB. attachC. deliverD. detain16.We encountered the Smiths before leaving the parking lot.A. metB. sawC. helpedD. surprised17.Mr. Jones was taken in by that door to door salesman’s mooth talk. He paid almost $900.00 for avacuum cleaner.A. deceivedB. incitedC. implicatedD. saturated18.The chorale wanted to rehearse the song before the performance.A. singB. rewriteC. introduceD. practice19.Prejudice towards minorities probable stems from fear of the unknown.A. angerB. biasC. rudenessD. action20.It is unwise to provoke strange animals.A. feedB. touchC. angerD. chaseII. Grammatical StructureSection ADirections: There are 10 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the answer sheet.21.So frightened __ in darkness that she did not dare to move an inch.A. was the girlB. the girl wasC. such a girl wasD. that the girl was22.___you may be right, I can’t altogether agree.A. AsB. WhileC. IfD. Since23.—I must have eaten something wrong. I feel like ___.—I told you not to eat at a restaurant. You’d better at home.A. to throw up ... to catB. throwing up ... eatingC. to throw up ... catD. throwing up... cat24. His response was ___ that he didn’t say yes and he didn’t say no.A. soB. whichC. whatD. such25. I have not found my book yet. I’m not sure ____I could have done with it.A. whetherB. whatC. whyD. where26. He is sure that there was a flying saucer over there. If he hadn't seen it himself, he ___ it.A. never have believedB. never did believeC. could never believeD. would never have believed27.I __________________________________________ wish Bill would drive us to the trainstation but he has ______________________________ ____ to take us all.A. very small a carB. too small a carC. a too small carD. such a small car28.___ the building for stolen goods, the police found twenty machine guns.A. SearchingB. Being searchingC. SearchedD. To search29.Close the door, __ ?A. will youB. do youC. shall youD. don’t you30.The storm ___ ，they had to live in a cave.A. has destroyed their hutB. to destroy their hutC. having destroyed their hutD. being destroyedDirections: In questions 31-40 each sentence has four underlined words or phrases, marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one word or phrase which is incorrect and must be changed to make the sentence correct. Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.31. Industrial management is the aspect of business management that was most prominent in theA B C DUnited States for the past eight years.32. Members of a nation’s foreign service represent that country’s interests abroad and report onA B Cthe conditions, trends, and policies of the country which they arc stationed.D33. A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more peopleA B Care able to enjoy to own a house.D34. Basal body temperature refers to the most lowest temperature of a healthy individual duringA B C Dwaking hours.35. A ft e r m u ch d i s c u ss i o n, t h e n e got i a t or s d e ci d e d no t m a k i n g a n of f e r un t i l t h e y h a d l oo k ed o ve rA B C Dt h e c ont r a ct.36. Employment benefits are given new employees hav e increa sed tremendously.A B C D37. The Board of Directors are in the process of dissolving the company.III． Cloze TestDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengthsand weaknesses. Success or 41 in your work would depend, to a great extent, 42 yourability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best advantage. Of the utmost importance is your attitude. A person 43 begins a job convinced that lie isn't going to like it or is sure that heis going to ail is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure 44 his belief that he is probably as capable of doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt by it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well.45 the prerequisite skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviouslya weakness. A book keeper who can't add or a carpenter who can't cut a straight line with a saw is hopeless cases.This book has been designed to help you capitalize 46 the strength and overcome the47 that you bring to the job of learning. But in group to measure your development, you must first take stock of where you stand now. 48 we get further along in the book, we'll be dealingin some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening 49 skills. However, to begin with, you should pause to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your 50 , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.41. A. improvement B. victory C. failure D. achievement42. A. in B. on C. of D. to43. A. who B. what C. that D. which44. A. onto B. on C. off D. in45. A. Have B. Had C. Having D. Had been46. A. except B. but C. for D. on47. A. idea B. weakness C. strength D. advantage48. A. as B. till C. over D. out49. A. learnt B. learned C. learning D. learn50. A. intelligence B. work C. attitude D. weaknessIV. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following passage:In the past, American families tended to be quite large. Parents raising five or more children were common. Over the years, the size of the family has decreased. One reason for this is an increase in the cost of living. On the average, children attend schools for more years than they used to, making them financially dependent on their families longer. Moreover, children nowadays are better dressed and have more money to spend on entertainment. The parents usually take the responsibility for all the expenses. Meanwhile, families are less close than they used to be. More and more American mothers work away from home. The break up of the family occurs when the parents divorce, A lot of children in the U. S. live part of their young lives with only one parent. Broken families usually result in problems for children and parents alike. Children blame themselves when their parents separate. They grow up feeling unsettled as they are moved back and forth between parents. Usually one parent is responsible for raising the children. These single parents must care for the children's emotional and psychological needs while also supporting them financially. This is very demanding and leaves very little time for the parent's own personal interests. Single parents often marry other single parents. In this type of family, unrelated children are forced to develop brother or sister relationship. The situations of many American families today are not good. However, recent signs indicate that things are getting better. The divorce rate is declining. The rate of childbirth is rising. Perhaps Americans have learned how important families are.51. To parents who take the responsibility for children's expenses, the cost of living increasesbecauseA. children attend school for more yearsB. children are better dressedC. children spend more money on entertainmentD. all of the above52. What problems would broken families bring to both children and parents?A. Children grow up feeling unsettled and parents didn't pay much attention to children.B. Children grow up feeling free and one parent is responsible for raising the children.C. Children are moved back and forth between parents and the single parent is busy working to make money to support himself/herself.D. Children grow up feeling unsettled, and the parents have little time for his/her owninterests because one parent is too busy taking care of children.53. According to the author, the situations of American families in the future may __A. become worseB. remain the sameC. get betterD. keep unchanged54. The title of the article might be __A. American ChildrenB. American FamiliesC. American MotherD. American ParentsQuestions 55 to 58 are based on the following passage:When I was studying at Yale, some phenomena puzzled me greatly. I found that Chinese students or Asian students were very polite in class while American students often interrupted the professor, asking questions and dominating the discussion. The Chinese students were not as aggressive as American students.I was impressed by the role of the professor in the seminar (讨论会). The professor didn't act as an authority, giving final conclusions, but as a researcher looking for answers to questions together with the students. One linguistic (语言的) feature of his interacting with his students was that he used many modal (情态的) verbs--far more than I did in Beiwai. When answering questions, he usually said, "This is my personal opinion and it could be wrong." or "You could be right, but you might find this point of view also interesting." In China, authorities are always supposed to give wise decisions and correct directions. Therefore, students always expect the professor to give an answer to the question, i still remember how frustrated they were when foreign teachers did not provide such an answer. Their expectations from authorities are much higher than that of American students. Once the Chinese students got the answer, they were sure about it.Education in China is valued for united thinking. I remember American teachers who taught in our university complaining about the fact that Chinese students uniformly expressed the same idea in their English composition. The examinations in America usually do not test a student's ability to memorize the material but his ability to analyze and solve problems. Education in America is valued not only as a means to obtain employment but as a process of enhancing critical thinking.55. In the USA, when the students are in class, __A. a Chinese student tends to be very activeB. an American student likes to make troubleC. a Chinese student likes to puzzle the teacherD. an American student tends to be vigorous56. A teacher in the USA prefers to __ when he answers questions.A. be very sincereB. be very directC. be very self-confidentD. be very indifferent57. What is the opinion of the author concerning the difference of teaching methods betweenChina and the USA?A. He thinks that Chinese teaching methods can make students learn more.B. He holds that the major purpose of Chinese teaching methods is to improve students'remembrance.C. He thinks that American teaching is ability oriented.D. He holds that American teachers hate to give a test.58. The author thinks that the relationship between the student and the teacher is __A. more intimate in ChinaB. closer in ChinaC. looser in USAD. more harmonious in USAQuestions 59 to 62 are based on the following passage:With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit an astonishing amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these facts, much less remember and organize them. But an electronic computer can. The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946. It can do simple computations--add, subtract, multiply and divide--with lighting speed and perfect accuracy. Some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.Once it is given a "program" -- that is, a carefully worked out set of instructions devised bya technician trained in computer language -- a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depth of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane, the computer will find out what to take and what space is available.Not only can the computer gather facts, it can also store them as fast as they are gathered and can pour them out whenever they are needed. The computer is really a high powered "memory" machine that "has all the answers"--or almost all. Besides gathering and storing information, the computer can also solve complicated problems that once took months for people to do. At times computers seem almost human. They can "read" hand printed letters, play chess, compose music, write plays and even design other computers. Is it any wonder that they are sometimes called "thinking" machines?Even though they are taking over some of the tasks that were once accomplished by our own brains, computers are not replacing us at least not yet. Our brain has more than 10 million cells. A computer has only a few hundred thousand parts. For some time to come, then, we can safely say that our brains are at least 10, 000 times more complex than a computer. How we use them is forus, not the computer, to decide.59. "Program" means __A. a plan of what is to be doneB. a complete show on a TV station at a fixed time tableC. a scheduled performanceD. series of coded instructions to control the operations of a computer60. The computer is a high powered "memory" machine, which __A. has all the ready answers -- or almost all to any questionsB. can remember everythingC. can store everything and work for youD. has all the answers -- or almost to all the information that has been stored61. "Thinking" machines suggest that __A. they can "read" hand printed letters etcB. they really can think and do many other jobsC. they even design other computersD. they can't think, but can do something under human control62. Can computers do whatever they want to do? Why?A. Yes, because some computers can work 500,000 times faster than any person can.B. No, because they normally have a few hundred thousand parts.C. No, because human brains are at least 10000 times more complex than any computers.D. No, because how a computer works is decided by human.Questions 63 to 66 are based on the following passage:Within fifteen years Britain and other nations should be well on with the building of huge industrial complexes for the recycling of waste. The word rubbish could lose its meaning because everything that goes into the dumps would be made into something useful. Even the most dangerous and unpleasant wastes would provide energy if nothing else.The latest project is to take a city of around half a million inhabitants and discover exactly what raw materials go into it and what go out. The aim is to find out how much of these raw materials could be provided if a plant for recycling waste were built just outside the city. This plant would recycle not only metal such as steel, lead and copper, but also paper and rubber as well.Another new project is being set up to discover the best ways of sorting and separating the rubbish. When this project is complete, the rubbish will be processed like this: first, it will pass through sharp metal bars which will tear open the plastic bags in which rubbish is usually packed; then it will pass through a powerful fan to separate the lightest elements from the heavy solids; after that grounders and rollers break up everything that can be broken. Finally the rubbish will pass under magnets, which will remove the bits of iron and steel; the rubber and plastic will thenbe sorted out in the final stage.The first full scale giant recycling plants are, perhaps, fifteen years away. Indeed, with thegrowing cost of transporting rubbish to more distant dumps, some big cities will be forced tobuild their own recycling plants before long.63. The main purpose of the passage is __A. to show us a future way of recycling wastesB. to tell the importance of recycling wastesC. to warn people the danger of some wastesD. to introduce a new recycling plant64. How many stages are there in the recycling process?A. 3.B. 4.C. 5.D. 6.65. What is the main reason for big cities to build their own recycling plants?A. To deal with wastes in a better way.B. It's a good way to gain profits.C. It's more economical than to dump wastes in some distant places.D. Energy can be got at a lower price.66. Which of the following statements is true?A. The word "rubbish" will soon disappear from dictionaries.B. Dangerous wastes can be recycled into nothing but energy.C. To recycle paper and rubber will still be impossible even with the new recycling methods.D. Big cities will soon have their own recycling plants.Section BDirections: You should answer questions 67-75 which are based on the following passages. Mark your answer on the answer sheet.The Motor CarA There are now over 700 million motor vehicles in the world • and the number is rising by morethan 40 million each year. The average distance driven by car users is growing too - from 8 km a day per person in western Europe in 1965 to 25 km a day in 1995. This dependence on motor vehicles has given rise to major problems, including environmental pollution, depletion of oil resources, traffic congestion and safety.B While emissions from new cars are far less harmful than they used to be, city streets andmotorways are becoming more crowded than ever, often with older trucks, buses and taxis which emit excessive levels of smoke and fumes. This concentration of vehicles makes air quality in urban areas unpleasant and sometimes dangerous to breathe. Even Moscow has joined the list of capitals afflicted by congestion and traffic fumes. In Mexico City, vehicle pollution is a major health hazard.C Until a hundred years ago, most journeys were in the 20 km range, the distance convenientlyaccessible by horse. Heavy freight could only be carried by water or rail. The invention of the motor vehicle brought personal mobility to the masses and made rapid freight delivery possible over a much wider area. In the United Kingdom, about 90 per cent of inland freight is carried by road. Clearly the world cannot revert to the horse-drawn wagon. Can it avoid being locked into congested and polluting ways of transporting people and goods?D In Europe most cities arc still designed for the old modes of transport. Adaptation to the motorcar has involved adding ring roads, one-way systems and parking lots. In the United States, more land is assigned to car use than to housing. Urban sprawl means that life without a car is next to impossible. Mass use of motor vehicles has also killed or injured millions of people.Other social effects have been blamed on the car such as alienation and aggressive human behaviour.E A 1993 study by the European Federation for Transport and Environment found that cartransport is seven times as costly as rail travel in terms of the external social costs it entails such as congestion, accidents, pollution, loss of cropland and natural habitats，depletion of oil resources, and so on. Yet cars easily surpass trains or buses as a flexible and convenient mode of personal transport. It is unrealistic to expect people to give up private cars in favour of mass transit.F Technical solutions can reduce the pollution problem and increase the fuel efficiency of engines.But fuel consumption and exhaust emissions depend on which cars arc preferred by customers and how they are driven. Many people buy larger cars than they need for daily purposes or waste fuel by driving aggressively. Besides, global car use i彡 increasing at a faster rate than the improvement in emissions and fuel efficiency which technology is now making possible.G One solution that has been put forward is the long-term solution of designing cities andneighbourhoods so that car journeys are not necessary - all essential services being located within walking distance or easily accessible by public transport. Not only would this save energy and cut carbon dioxide emissions, it would also enhance the quality of community life, putting the emphasis on people instead of cars. Good local government is already bringing this about in some places. But few democratic communities are blessed with the vision - and the capital - to make such profound changes in modem lifestyles.H A more likely scenario seems to be a combination of mass transit systems for travel into andaround cities, with small “low emission” cars for urban use and larger hybrid or lean bum cars for use elsewhere. Electronically tolled highways might be used to ensure that drivers pay charges geared to actual road use. Better integration of transport systems is also highly desirable - and made more feasible by modem computers. But these are solutionsfor countries which can afford them. In most developing countries, old cars and old technologies continue to predominate.Questions 67-72This passage has eight paragraphs labelled A-H. Which paragraphs concentrate on the followinginformation? Choose the correct letter A-H for questions 67-72 and mark your answer on the answer sheet.NB You may use any letter more than once.67. a comparison of past and present transportation methods68. how driving habits contribute to road problems69. the relative merits of cars and public transport70. the writer's own prediction of future solutions71. the increasing use of motor vehicles72. the impact of the car on city developmentQuestions 73-75Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in this passage? For questions 73-75, chooseA.if the statement agrees with the views of the writer (YES)B.if the statement contradicts the views of the writer (NO)C.if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this (NOT GIVEN)73. Vehicle pollution is worse in European cities than anywhere else.74. Technology alone cannot solve the problem of vehicle pollution.75. Redesigning cities would be a short-term solution.。