翻译第二讲
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
LOGO
二 英汉文化对比
Content
文化的定义
A
B
东西文化对比与翻译概论. 东西文化对比与翻译概论.
Cຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
英汉思维比较与翻译
www.themegallery.com
A. 文化的定义
www.themegallery.com
1.What is culture?
Tytler: Culture is the complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man, as a member of society. Peter Newmark: culture is the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of expression.
www.themegallery.com
1. 直率与含蓄
1. To my no small astonishment, I found the house on fire. 2. You could have come at a better time. 3. She has much more than just a pretty face. 4. I’m terribly sorry to interrupt you, but I wonder if you would be so kind as to lower your voices a little.
www.themegallery.com
B.
东西文化对比与翻译概论
1
文化心理： culture-loaded expressions: Dragon/owl/bull/ cat /green/gray/moon/ landlord/peasant
2
海洋性商业文化 （个体主义）v.s. 大陆性农业文化 （群体主义） 时间观念/空间观 念/对他人的态度/ 工作态度/物质追 求/婚姻/隐私
www.themegallery.com
1.What is culture?
E. Nida divided culture into : ecology, material culture, social culture, religious culture, organization, customs, concepts, gestures, habits. Including: norms, values, linguistic behavior, nonverbal behavior
www.themegallery.com
2. 逻辑与感悟
英语注重运用各种有形的联结手段达到语法形式 的完整，其表现形式严密地受逻辑形式支配，句 子组织严密，层次井然扣接，以形显义； 汉语在表现形式上受意念引导，看上去概念、判 断、推理不严，句子松散，以神统形，要靠读者 自己去推理和感悟。 举例： 让世界了解中国，让中国走向世界。 Let the other people of the rest of the world know China. Let China make close contact with the rest of the world.
www.themegallery.com
1. 直率与含蓄
西方人喜外露，中国人喜含蓄。英语经常表态在 前，叙事在后；汉语经常相反。英汉对译时，信 息中心常需做前后调整。 例如：I am very happy to receive your message of greetings. 译文：接到你的贺信，我十分高兴。 The two sides found it beneficial to have this opportunity to present to one another their views on a variety of issues. 译文：现在有机会互相介绍彼此对各种问题的观 点，对此，双方认为是有利的。
www.themegallery.com
2. Relationship between language, culture and translating
Culture involves every aspect of life. Words only have meaning in terms of culture. Cultural awareness is very important. Language is a part of culture and can reflect /transmit culture. Biculturalism is more important than bilingualism.
www.themegallery.com
2. Relationship between language, culture and translating
Translation : inter-lingual transmission, cross-cultural transmission Bi-cultural competence, cultural awareness
www.themegallery.com
3. 褒贬与曲直
英汉语都存在着对一个事物的褒贬态度，但问题 是，许多场合中，褒贬的含义并不能从字面或词 汇本身中看出来，往往要通过上下文来决定，翻 译时要尽量正确理解原文，表现真实的含义。 A:英语中有些词本身就有褒贬，汉译时相应译出。 He was a man of high renown. 译文：他是位有名望的人。（褒） His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death. 译文：他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开来的。 （贬）
3
风俗习惯 打招呼/宴席/告辞/称呼 /数字 (2,8,6,9/4) (13)
www.themegallery.com
C. 英汉思维比较与翻译
概述： 傅雷：东方人与西方人之思想方式有基本分歧， 我人重综合，重归纳，重暗示，重含蓄；西方人 则重分析，细微曲折，挖掘唯恐不尽，描写唯恐 不周… 语言与思维存在密不可分的联系。中西方思维模 式的差异，影响到语言的基本结构、用词选句。
[Image information in product] ● Title Master- www.iclickart.co.kr - Image licensed by affiliates ● Slide Master –www.iclickart.co.kr - Image licensed by affiliates ● Note to customers: This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. You may not extract the image for any other use.
www.themegallery.com
3.Examples of culture-loaded expressions
离休干部： a retired cadre? retired veteran cadre 工读学校： part-time school? reformatory for juvenile delinquency? 半路出家：switch to one job one is not trained for
www.themegallery.com
3. 褒贬与曲直
B： 英语中有些词义是中立的，翻译时应根据上 下文做褒贬取舍。 He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved. 译文：他是一个正直诚实的人，但不幸有某种坏 坏 名声。我相信他这个坏名声 坏名声是不该有的。（贬） 名声 坏名声 Practice: She was vexed by the persistent ringing of the phone.
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
www.themegallery.com
二 英汉文化对比
Content
文化的定义
A
B
东西文化对比与翻译概论. 东西文化对比与翻译概论.
Cຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
英汉思维比较与翻译
www.themegallery.com
A. 文化的定义
www.themegallery.com
1.What is culture?
Tytler: Culture is the complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, law, morals, customs, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man, as a member of society. Peter Newmark: culture is the way of life and its manifestations that are peculiar to a community that uses a particular language as its means of expression.
www.themegallery.com
1. 直率与含蓄
1. To my no small astonishment, I found the house on fire. 2. You could have come at a better time. 3. She has much more than just a pretty face. 4. I’m terribly sorry to interrupt you, but I wonder if you would be so kind as to lower your voices a little.
www.themegallery.com
B.
东西文化对比与翻译概论
1
文化心理： culture-loaded expressions: Dragon/owl/bull/ cat /green/gray/moon/ landlord/peasant
2
海洋性商业文化 （个体主义）v.s. 大陆性农业文化 （群体主义） 时间观念/空间观 念/对他人的态度/ 工作态度/物质追 求/婚姻/隐私
www.themegallery.com
1.What is culture?
E. Nida divided culture into : ecology, material culture, social culture, religious culture, organization, customs, concepts, gestures, habits. Including: norms, values, linguistic behavior, nonverbal behavior
www.themegallery.com
2. 逻辑与感悟
英语注重运用各种有形的联结手段达到语法形式 的完整，其表现形式严密地受逻辑形式支配，句 子组织严密，层次井然扣接，以形显义； 汉语在表现形式上受意念引导，看上去概念、判 断、推理不严，句子松散，以神统形，要靠读者 自己去推理和感悟。 举例： 让世界了解中国，让中国走向世界。 Let the other people of the rest of the world know China. Let China make close contact with the rest of the world.
www.themegallery.com
1. 直率与含蓄
西方人喜外露，中国人喜含蓄。英语经常表态在 前，叙事在后；汉语经常相反。英汉对译时，信 息中心常需做前后调整。 例如：I am very happy to receive your message of greetings. 译文：接到你的贺信，我十分高兴。 The two sides found it beneficial to have this opportunity to present to one another their views on a variety of issues. 译文：现在有机会互相介绍彼此对各种问题的观 点，对此，双方认为是有利的。
www.themegallery.com
2. Relationship between language, culture and translating
Culture involves every aspect of life. Words only have meaning in terms of culture. Cultural awareness is very important. Language is a part of culture and can reflect /transmit culture. Biculturalism is more important than bilingualism.
www.themegallery.com
2. Relationship between language, culture and translating
Translation : inter-lingual transmission, cross-cultural transmission Bi-cultural competence, cultural awareness
www.themegallery.com
3. 褒贬与曲直
英汉语都存在着对一个事物的褒贬态度，但问题 是，许多场合中，褒贬的含义并不能从字面或词 汇本身中看出来，往往要通过上下文来决定，翻 译时要尽量正确理解原文，表现真实的含义。 A:英语中有些词本身就有褒贬，汉译时相应译出。 He was a man of high renown. 译文：他是位有名望的人。（褒） His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death. 译文：他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开来的。 （贬）
3
风俗习惯 打招呼/宴席/告辞/称呼 /数字 (2,8,6,9/4) (13)
www.themegallery.com
C. 英汉思维比较与翻译
概述： 傅雷：东方人与西方人之思想方式有基本分歧， 我人重综合，重归纳，重暗示，重含蓄；西方人 则重分析，细微曲折，挖掘唯恐不尽，描写唯恐 不周… 语言与思维存在密不可分的联系。中西方思维模 式的差异，影响到语言的基本结构、用词选句。
[Image information in product] ● Title Master- www.iclickart.co.kr - Image licensed by affiliates ● Slide Master –www.iclickart.co.kr - Image licensed by affiliates ● Note to customers: This image has been licensed to be used within this PowerPoint template only. You may not extract the image for any other use.
www.themegallery.com
3.Examples of culture-loaded expressions
离休干部： a retired cadre? retired veteran cadre 工读学校： part-time school? reformatory for juvenile delinquency? 半路出家：switch to one job one is not trained for
www.themegallery.com
3. 褒贬与曲直
B： 英语中有些词义是中立的，翻译时应根据上 下文做褒贬取舍。 He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation. I believe the reputation was not deserved. 译文：他是一个正直诚实的人，但不幸有某种坏 坏 名声。我相信他这个坏名声 坏名声是不该有的。（贬） 名声 坏名声 Practice: She was vexed by the persistent ringing of the phone.
www.themegallery.com
LOGO
www.themegallery.com