英语语法_不定式

• 2)vt. + it + adj./n.(宾语补足语) + to do • I think it impossible to get him to change his mind. • He has _m__a_d_e_i_t_a__r_u_l_e_t_o__d_r_i_n_k__a_g_l_a_s_s_o_f__c_o_ld__b_o_i_l_e_d
• =You were wise to follow the doctor’s advice.
• （2）作表语： 联系动词+ to do
• 1）Her job now is to clean the hall.
• 2）He seems ______B______ something disgraceful(不光 彩的), for him looks so nervous.
• 据说他被警察带走了。
• He is said _t_o_h_a_v_e_b_e_e_n__ta_k_e_n__a_w_a_y__b_y_t_h_e_p_o_l_ic_e_._.
• 不定式的句法功能： 1）作主语：
• To finish the work in ten minutes is very hard. • 眼见为实。__t_o_s_e_e__is__t_o_b_e_l_i_e_v_e___. • 2)常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后，例
如： • Don’t disturb him. He seems to be thinking about
something important. • 他们假装在吵架。_T_h_y__p_r_e_t_e_n_d_e_d__t_o__b_e_q__u_a_r_r_e_li_n_g__.
• （3）完成式：主动：to have done
__w__a_t_er__ea__c_h_m__o_r_n_i_n_g__.(每天早晨喝杯冷开水的习惯)。 • 3)介词+ (to) do • I have no choice but to stay here. • He did nothing but __B____ last Sunday.
clever, wise, silly, stupid, foolish; honest, kind, nice, cruel, lazy, 等表示赞扬或批评人的形容词，句子可以转换成 人作主语):
• It was wise of you to follow the doctor’s advice.
如：
• It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.
• 多吃点蔬菜和水果是明智的选择。 _I_t_i_s_a__w__is_e__c_h_o_i_c_e_t_o_e_a__t _m__o_r_e_v_e_g_e_t_a_b_l_e_s_a_n__d_f_r_u_i_t_.____.
动词不定式
主动 一般式 to do 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done
被动 to be done
/ to have been
done
否定式：not/never + to do
• （1）一般式：to do; to be done • 表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语
•
被动： to have been done
• 表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：
• I can tell you about the film because I happen to
have seen the film.
• He seems _to__h_a_v_e_h_e_a_r_d_(听到过)some good news. He is so happy.
• 常用句式有： • 1、It+be+名词/形容词+to do • 2、It takes (sb.)+sth+to do： • 一个巴掌拍不响。__I_t_t_a_k_e_s_t_w__o_t_o__m__a_k_e_a__q_u__a_r_r_e.l. • 3、It+be+形容词+for sb +to do • 4、It+be+形容词+of sb.+to do(常用: careless, careful;
• A. do
B. to have done
• C. to be done D. to have been done
• 3）What I want to do now is ___A_______ a good rest. I’m so tired.
• A. have B. havinwenku.baidu.com C. to have had D. have had
动词动作之后， 例如： • He pretended to understand nothing. (__同__时___)
The patient asked to be operated on at once. (__之__后___)
• （2）进行式：to be doing • to be doing 表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例
• （3）作宾语： vt. + to do • 1)vt. + to do：(decide, expect, want, hope, wish, offer,
fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, etc.) • He didn’t agree to lend me any money. • I’m sorry. I didn’t ____D___ you. • A. mean hurting B. need to hurt • C hope to have hurt D. mean to hurt • He is so busy with his Senior 3 studies that he can’t help ____B____ any house work. • A. doing B. do C. to doing D. to be doing