同声传译中的几个难点

Chinese puts in a good word for the English language

中文对英语的影响力与日俱增

——福州新航道外语培训学校Words of Chinese origin are playing a key role in driving the ongoing globalization of English, experts in both languages say.

一些中英文语言专家表示具有中文渊源的单词在英语中出现是英语全球化的重要驱动力之一。

"The fact that some 300 million Chinese people are now studying or have studied English means the important impact of Chinese on the language can't be denied, " said Paul J.J. Payack, president and chief analyst at Global Language Monitor.

“三亿中国人正在学习或曾经学习过英语，这意味着中文对英语的影响力是个无法否认的事实，”位于美国德克萨斯州全球语言监测机构主席Paul J.J. Payack 在接受采访时表示。

It says some 10, 000 words are added to the English language annually, with about 1.83 billion people using English as their native, second, business or technical language.

该机构数据显示，每年新增英文单词在10，000个左右。目前全球大约18.3亿人在使用英语，包括母语、第二语言使用者以及用于商业或技术用语。

But the global figure was only about 250 million in 1960, with

English-speakers mainly located in Britain and its Commonwealth of former colonies, as well as the United States.

全球使用英语的人在1960年大致只有2.5亿人，他们主要集中在英国和它之前的殖民地以及美国。

"It's estimated that a new English word is created every 98 minutes, " Payack said.

“预计每98分钟一个新的英语单词就被创造出来，”Payack说。

"One example of a word used in English that originated from Chinese that has appeared recently is chengguan (city patrol officer). A quick Google search results in nearly a million citations, far in excess of our minimum number of required citations."

“例如，最近出现的含有中文渊源的单词是chengguan (城管)。谷歌搜索中有接近100万次的引用，远远超出我们机构对新词要求出现的最少引用次数，”他说。

The Oxford English Dictionary, which waits 10 years before entering a word to ensure it has "staying power", now has about 1, 000 words of Chinese origin, such as taikonaut.

牛津英语词典中目前大概收录了1，000个左右含有中文渊源的词，例如taikonaut (中国宇航员)。

In China, taikonaut refers to a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a spacecraft crew member.

Payack认为中文作为英语全球化的重要驱动力，其影响力在整个21世纪将会一直持续。

"It's estimated that Chinese, one of the prime drivers of the globalization of the English language, will continue its influence throughout the 21st century, " Payack said.

今年华尔街日报专门使用“dama”(大妈)这个用汉语拼音得来的单词关注中国大妈不容小觑的黄金购买力。

In August, The Wall Street Journal used the term dama, which is Chinese pinyin for "big mother", to describe the middle-aged Chinese women driving the global gold market.

华尔街日报的报道说正是因为有了大妈，中国已经可以与印度竞争成为影响全球黄金市场的一支主力军。

In a video report, it said it is largely because of dama that China can compete with India as the world's largest gold consumer. Many Chinese people saw the use of dama as evidence that the more advanced a country becomes, the more influential its language is.

很多人认为“大妈”一词的使用证明一个国家影响力越大，这个国家的语言影响力也会越大。

Wei Chongxin, dean of Beijing Foreign Studies University's School of Chinese Language and Literature, said he believes such influence is rooted in China's growing global clout.

北京外国语大学中国语言文学学院院长魏崇新认为这种现象根源于中国在世界范围日益增长的影响力，包括政治、经济和文化等多方面。

"When more native English speakers come to learn more about China and have closer relations with the country in daily life, it's normal to see the Chinese and English languages infiltrate with each other's words, " he said. “当更多英语使用者来到中国或者在日常生活中与中国产生密切接触时，中英两种语言互相渗透便是一个自然而然的趋势，”他说。