麻省理工电路和电子学讲义5英文版
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模拟电子电路第五版国外教材版PPT课件
R1C1
又 1 2 10，C2 0 Rin 100k，又当T 1 1时， 1 1k，
RC
RC
C 1 10nF。 100k 1k
（2）、vo 1 t vidt,则当0 t 2ms时，vo 2 t 2000t。
RC 0
RC
当t 2ms时，vo vo(2ms) 4V。
（d）、f
5kHz,
则v
' o
max
SR
31.8V
10V ,
2f
vo max 10V ,则对应的vi max vo max 1V。 10
有用的输入电压范围为（- 1V， 1V）。
2.106
取R2 R3 100k,1 R2 200, R1 100k 502。
R1
199
又 1 2 100，C1 3.18F。
Acm R4 (1 R2 R3) 0.009。 R4 R3 R1 R4
CMRR 20log Ad 60.8dB。 Acm
2.72
A C
D B
令vI1 3 0.04sin t(V ), vI 2 3 0.04sin t(V )
i vI 2 vI1 0.08sin t(mA)。
(a)直流分析
直流通路如图所示。
栅极电压VG
15 5M 5M 10M
5V
又VG VGS ID *3k (1)
假设该管工作在饱和区，忽略沟长效应，
则有 ID 1 k 'n(W )(VGS Vt)2 （2） 2L
v Do
,
D
vo
00,.9v8I (vI0.605.V65),
v I
0.65V
3.69
Iz=20mA时，VZ=6.8V，rZ=5Ω，则VZ=VZO+IZrZ， VZO=6.7V。 ① 电源电流不受限（反向击穿）
又 1 2 10，C2 0 Rin 100k，又当T 1 1时， 1 1k，
RC
RC
C 1 10nF。 100k 1k
（2）、vo 1 t vidt,则当0 t 2ms时，vo 2 t 2000t。
RC 0
RC
当t 2ms时，vo vo(2ms) 4V。
（d）、f
5kHz,
则v
' o
max
SR
31.8V
10V ,
2f
vo max 10V ,则对应的vi max vo max 1V。 10
有用的输入电压范围为（- 1V， 1V）。
2.106
取R2 R3 100k,1 R2 200, R1 100k 502。
R1
199
又 1 2 100，C1 3.18F。
Acm R4 (1 R2 R3) 0.009。 R4 R3 R1 R4
CMRR 20log Ad 60.8dB。 Acm
2.72
A C
D B
令vI1 3 0.04sin t(V ), vI 2 3 0.04sin t(V )
i vI 2 vI1 0.08sin t(mA)。
(a)直流分析
直流通路如图所示。
栅极电压VG
15 5M 5M 10M
5V
又VG VGS ID *3k (1)
假设该管工作在饱和区，忽略沟长效应，
则有 ID 1 k 'n(W )(VGS Vt)2 （2） 2L
v Do
,
D
vo
00,.9v8I (vI0.605.V65),
v I
0.65V
3.69
Iz=20mA时，VZ=6.8V，rZ=5Ω，则VZ=VZO+IZrZ， VZO=6.7V。 ① 电源电流不受限（反向击穿）
《电子信息工程专业英语导论》课件PART_2_unit5
12
The exact structure of control bus varies among processors in the 80x86 family. However, some control lines are common to all processors and are worthy a brief mention. The read line and write line control the direction of data on the data bus.
9
Circuitry associated with the memory or I/O recognizes this address and instructs the memory or I/O device to read the data from or place data on the data bus. 与存储器或输入输出相关的电路能够识别地址， [2]. 与存储器或输入输出相关的电路能够识别地址，
14
If the write line is low, the system transfers data from the CPU to memory. The main memory is the central storage unit in a computer system. It is a relatively large and fast memory used to store programs and data during the computer operation. The principal technology used for the main memory is based on semiconductor integrated circuit.
The exact structure of control bus varies among processors in the 80x86 family. However, some control lines are common to all processors and are worthy a brief mention. The read line and write line control the direction of data on the data bus.
9
Circuitry associated with the memory or I/O recognizes this address and instructs the memory or I/O device to read the data from or place data on the data bus. 与存储器或输入输出相关的电路能够识别地址， [2]. 与存储器或输入输出相关的电路能够识别地址，
14
If the write line is low, the system transfers data from the CPU to memory. The main memory is the central storage unit in a computer system. It is a relatively large and fast memory used to store programs and data during the computer operation. The principal technology used for the main memory is based on semiconductor integrated circuit.
MIT(麻省理工)信号与系统讲义-lecture2
Observation: Even if the independent variable is time, there are interesting and important systems which have boundary conditions.
6
Ex. #5
• A rudimentary “edge” detector
“Proof” a) Suppose system is causal. Show that (*) holds.
b) Suppose (*) holds. Show that the system is causal.
19
LINEAR TIME-INVARIANT (LTI) SYSTEMS • Focus of most of this course - Practical importance (Eg. #1-3 earlier this lecture are all LTI systems.) - The powerful analysis tools associated with LTI systems
16
LINEARITY
A (CT) system is linear if it has the superposition property: If x1(t) →y1(t) and x2(t) →y2(t) then ax1(t) + bx2(t) → ay1(t) + by2(t)
y[n] = x2[n] Nonlinear, TI, Causal y(t) = x(2t) Linear, not TI, Noncausal Can you find systems with other combinations ? -e.g. Linear, TI, Noncausal Linear, not TI, Causal
美国麻省理工大学的教材有关电源
(b)
A · ds
(1)
(a)
To interpret (1), think of the path between (a) and (b) as subdivided into differential vector segments ds. At every vector segment, the vector A(r) is evaluated and the dot product is formed. The line integral is then defined as the sum of these dot products in the limit as ds approaches zero. A line integral over a path that closes on itself is denoted by the symbol A · ds.
2 APPENDIX
2.1 LINE AND SURFACE INTEGRALS
Consider a path connecting points (a) and (b) as shown in Fig. A.2.1. Assume that a vector field A(r) exists in the space in which the path is situated. Then the line integral of A(r) is defined by
Example 2.1.1. Line Integral
Given the two-dimensional vector field
A = xix + axy iy
(2)
find the line integral along a quarter circle of radius R as shown in Fig. A.2.2.
chapter07 PWM Techniques 《电力电子技术(第5版)》英文版本课件
voltages, then
3 2
Vm
ca
20
Power Electronics
Switching States for 3-phase Voltage Source Inverter
p
ia
va sa
ib
vb
sb
ic
vc
sc
idc Vdc
n
sa sb sc Switching state
idc
Spectrum of 3-phase
PWM inverter
1.0
a=0.8 a=0.5
output voltage
a=0 0.8
No lower order harmonics
No harmonics at c.
The lowest frequency and highest content harmonics are
DC/AC
AC/DC
2
Power Electronics
Outline
7.1 Basic principles 7.2 Some major PWM techniques in DC/AC inverters 7.3 PWM techniques with feedback control 7.4 PWM rectifiers
9
Power Electronics
Triangular-wave natural sampling
In 3-phase VSI
Three-phase bridge inverter can only realize bi-bolar PWM therefore should be controlled by bipolar sampling.
电子类专业英语电子教案第五课
2. 课文翻译讲解
• Digital describes electronic technology that generates, stores, and processes digital data in terms of two states: positive and non-positive. Positive is supply voltage (+Vs) approximately and expressed by the number 1, and non-positive is zero volts (0V) approximately and represented by the number 0.
翻译：数字电子学是指那些用数字信号代替模拟信号的电子系统，它也是所有用
于计算机、移动电话和其它电子器件如触发器、移位寄存器和计数器的数字电路 的基础。 数字世界的一切都是基于二进制数字系统。
• The mathematic basis of this system is Boolean algebra, developed by English mathematician George Boole in the mid-19th century. Its rules govern logical functions (true/false) and are the foundation of all digital electronics circuits. Boolean logic is turned into logic gates on the chip, and the logic gates make up logic circuits that perform functions such as how to add two numbers together.
电路(英文版)第一章ppt课件
② If use Non-Passive sign convention, the relation will be minus；
③Indicate the resistor have no memory,and symmetrical at two terminal。 i R
Ohm’s law
u
+
Practise Calculate the power of every part.
Solve
i iS 2A
+
5V u
u 5V
P A iS u 2 5 10 W 2
P V uS i 5 (2) 10 W 5
-
release release
P（发）＝P（吸）
2. Fuel Cell(燃料电池）
电池电动势1.23V。以氢、氧作为燃料。约40-45%的化学能 转变为电能。实验阶段加燃料可继续工作。
氢氧燃料电池示意图
3. Solar Cell (太阳能电池）
一块太阳能电池电动势0.6V。太阳光照射到P-N结上， 形成一个从N区流向P区的电流。约 11%的光能转变为电 能，故常用太阳能电池板。 一个50cm2太阳能电池的电动势0.6V,电流0.1A
u
iS
0 i
例
Direct Current
+
u
iS
R
u RiS
u0
( R 0)
Resitor
u ( R )
Current source can’t be opend！
返 回
上 页
下 页
Actual Current soruce： 可由稳流电子设备产生，如晶体管的集电极 电流与负载无关；光电池在一定光线照射下光电 子被激发产生一定值的电流等。
电路原理课件讲义英文版 Chapter_4
2. 3.
Assignment
1. Solve the problems 4.7, 4.19, 4.34 in pages 155-158
2.
Steps to Apply Superposition Principle:
1. Turn off all independent sources except one source. Find the output (voltage or current) due to that active source using nodal or mesh analysis. Repeat step 1 for each of the other independent sources. Find the total contribution by adding algebraically all the contributions due to the independent sources.
4.3 Superposition (迭加)
Superposition is based on linearity
The superposition principle states that the voltage across (or current through) an element in a linear circuit is the algebraic sum of the voltages across (or currents through) that element due to each independent source acting alone
电路原理课件讲义英文版chapter4
Chapter 4 Circuit Theorems
《麻省理工开放课程：电路与电子学》6002Lec01中文讲义
15
必须被定义。
若
仅仅在灯丝内当
时是正确的。
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
16
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
17
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
18
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
19
那么，这给我们带来什么好处呢？
使用集总电路抽象（LCA），以简单的代数代 替了微分方程。
例如：
1
课前说明：
讲师：Prof. Anant Agarwal ■ 教材：Agarwal&Lang(A&L) ■ 仔细阅读所发资料第三页 ■ 课程任务：
课后作业练习 实验 随堂考试 期末考试
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
2
■ 作业中可有两次不做（作业 11 除外） ■ 对互相协作的要求
课后作业 可以与其他人合作，但不准抄袭
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
10
简单的方法……
这样，为了计算电流我们以 一个独立电阻
来代替灯泡。
R 代表我们唯一感兴趣的特性。 就像质点：用质量 m 代替物体来求得
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
11
简单的方法……
R 代表我们唯一感兴趣的特性。 R 元件的电压和电流有以下关系：
称为元件的伏安关系特性
在集总问题规定下，电压循环一周满足什么关 系呢？
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
20
在集总问题规定下，电压循环一周满足什么关 系呢？
基尔霍夫电压定律：（KVL） 集总参数电路中延任一回路电压之和为零
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
21
电流有什么特性呢？
考虑
6.002 2000 年秋 第一讲
电气考研：电力电子课程英文版
4
The concept of power electronic devices
Power electronic devices：
are the electronic devices that can be directly used in the power processing circuits to convert or control electric power.
electronic devices
3
1.1 An introductory overview of power electronic devices
The concept and features Configuration of systems using power
electronic devices Classifications Major topics
A power electronic device usually has a third terminal —— control terminal to control the states of the device.
A power electronic device must have at least two terminals to allow power circuit current flow through.
12
Major topics for each device
Appearance, structure, and symbol Physics of operation
Characteristics
Static characteristics Switching characteristics
The concept of power electronic devices
Power electronic devices：
are the electronic devices that can be directly used in the power processing circuits to convert or control electric power.
electronic devices
3
1.1 An introductory overview of power electronic devices
The concept and features Configuration of systems using power
electronic devices Classifications Major topics
A power electronic device usually has a third terminal —— control terminal to control the states of the device.
A power electronic device must have at least two terminals to allow power circuit current flow through.
12
Major topics for each device
Appearance, structure, and symbol Physics of operation
Characteristics
Static characteristics Switching characteristics
电子专业英语partPPT课件
important elements in electronic circuitry, it is essential
to know something about resistance, capacitance and
inductance.
第12页/共64页
一、电阻器及电阻
I
电阻器：它是一个二端元件 resisAtorersistotrwiso-atetwrmo-itnearml einlealment
二极管 diode
应用：通信工业如收音 机、电视等
application : communication industry, radio, television
In 1906 Deforest made the first triode in the United States. The widespread applications of vacuum tubes during that time period were in the communications industry, first in radio and later in television. The use of vacuum tubes declined rapidly when a semiconductor device was invented that could perform many of the functions previously associated with vacuum tubes.
第13页/共64页
电阻的概念：对电流的阻力为电阻。单位符号为Ω。
resistance
1Ω的定义：当加在导体上的电压为1V时，将导体的电
模拟电子电路第五版国外教材版ppt
2
《模拟电子电路设计与实践（第二版）》，作者： XXX，XXX
3
《模拟电子电路基础（第五版）》，作者：XXX， XXX
THANKS
感谢观看
注重实际操作
教材中包含了许多实验和设计项 目，有助于培养学生的实践能力 和动手能力。
教材亮点
图文并茂
教材中配有大量的插图和图表，使得抽象的电子电路知识更加直 观易懂。
深入浅出
作者用简洁明了的语言解释复杂的概念和原理，使得学生能够轻 松理解。
与时俱进
教材内容紧跟模拟电子技术的发展，反映了最新的技术和趋势。
本教材配有大量的图表和实例，有助于读者直观理解模拟电子 电路的相关概念和原理。
未来发展与展望
技术创新
随着科技的不断发展，模拟电子电路将会出现更多的新技 术和新应用，例如物联网、人工智能等领域的广泛应用。
智能化
随着智能化技术的发展，模拟电子电路将会与数字电子电 路更加紧密地结合，实现更高效、更智能的电子系统设计 。
设计实例举例
音频放大器设计、直流电源设计、温度传感器信号处理电路设计等。
实际应用案例分析
总结词
通过对实际案例的分析，了解模拟电子电路在各领域的应用。
详细描述
实际应用案例分析是学习模拟电子电路的重要手段，通过对各种实际应用案例的分析，可以了解模拟电子电路在通信 、音频处理、自动控制、医疗电子等领域的应用情况，加深对模拟电子电路重要性的认识。
06
总结与展望
本教材总结
内容全面 理论与实践结合
难易适度 图表丰富
本教材涵盖了模拟电子电路的基本概念、分析方法、电路设计 和应用等方面的知识，内容全面且系统。
本教材注重理论与实践相结合，通过丰富的实例和实验，帮助 学生深入理解模拟电子电路的基本原理和应用。
MIT电磁学系列幻灯片05
Point charge Q at center of sphere, radius r E field at surface:
r E( r ) =
r r Φ E = ∫∫ E ⋅ dA =
S
Q 4πε 0 r
ˆ r 2
ˆ ˆ r r ⋅ dA 2
4π r =
2
Electric flux through sphere:
1. 1 2. 3. 4. 5.
a Q
Constant and Zero Constant but Non-Zero Still grows linearly Some other functional form ( (use Gauss’ Law) ) Can’t determine with Gauss Law
3
Gauss’s Law – The Equation q
ΦE =
closed surface S
r r qin ∫∫ E ⋅ dA =
ε0
Electric flux ΦE (the surface integral of E over closed l d surface f S) is i proportional ti lt to charge h inside s de the t e volume ou ee enclosed c osed by S
S S
σA = E (2 A)= = ε0 ε0
qin
r σ x σ ˆ to right ⇒E= E= ˆ to left 2ε 0 -x 2ε 0
{
}
r E
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
r E( r ) =
r r Φ E = ∫∫ E ⋅ dA =
S
Q 4πε 0 r
ˆ r 2
ˆ ˆ r r ⋅ dA 2
4π r =
2
Electric flux through sphere:
1. 1 2. 3. 4. 5.
a Q
Constant and Zero Constant but Non-Zero Still grows linearly Some other functional form ( (use Gauss’ Law) ) Can’t determine with Gauss Law
3
Gauss’s Law – The Equation q
ΦE =
closed surface S
r r qin ∫∫ E ⋅ dA =
ε0
Electric flux ΦE (the surface integral of E over closed l d surface f S) is i proportional ti lt to charge h inside s de the t e volume ou ee enclosed c osed by S
S S
σA = E (2 A)= = ε0 ε0
qin
r σ x σ ˆ to right ⇒E= E= ˆ to left 2ε 0 -x 2ε 0
{
}
r E
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
大学电路专业英语教学课件
2.characteristic [ˌkæriktəˈristik]
3.Ohm [əum] 4.Faraday [ˈfærədi,-dei] 5.integral [ˈintiɡrəl] 6.equation有的，表示特性的 n. 特征，性能，特色，特性，特点 n. 欧姆(电阻单位)
1.resistor [riˈzistə]
n. n. n.
(=resister) 电阻， 电阻器，流阻器 电容，电容器
2.capacitor [kəˈpæsitə] 3.inductor [inˈdʌktə]
4.transistor [trænˈzistə]
5.bias [ˈbaiəs] 6.electrode [iˈlektrəud] 7.semiconductor [ˈsemikənˈdʌktə] 8.amplifier [ˈæmpliˌfaiə]
4.p-type
5.forward bias 6.reverse bias 7.bipolar transistor
p型(半导体)
正向偏置 反向偏置 双极(性)晶体管
8.field effect transistor
9.Integrated Circuit 10.equivalent circuit
电感，电感线圈，感应器，引导 者 n. 晶体(三极)管，半导体(三极)管， 晶体管(半导体)收音机 n. 斜线；偏见，偏向；偏压，偏置 Vt. 使有偏见；使有倾向性；加偏压 到 n. 电极 n. n. 半导体
9.fabricate [ˈfæbrikeit]
10.germanium [dʒə:ˈmeiniəm]
P1 Fundamental of Electric
（3）电感 电感是由绕成线圈形状的导线组成（图1.3）。当电流通过线圈时， 在线圈周围将产生磁场，它将阻止电流强度的快速变化。像电容一样， 电感可以被用于分辨信号变化的快慢。当电感和电容连在一起使用时， 电感上的电压在一个确定的频率上达到最大值。这一原理用在无线接 收机上，通过调节可变电容可以选择一个特定的频率。 （4）晶体管 晶体管由半导体制成。半导体是硅和锗这样的材料，经过搀杂 （即加入微量的外部元素），使内部的自由电子过剩或者不足。前一 种类型的半导体叫n型半导体，后一种类型的半导体叫p型半导体。 将n型半导体和p型半导体结合在一起就形成了二极管（图1.4a）。当 这个二极管连接上电池，使p型材料为正，n型材料为负时，因为 p区 缺少电子，电子就会被电池的负极排斥而毫无阻止地进入p区。当电 池反接时，要到达p区的电子经过n区非常困难，因为n区已经填充了 大量自由电子，电流几乎为零。1948年发明了双极的晶体管（图 1.4b），它由三层搀杂材料组成，两个p-n结可以配置成p-n-p或n-p-n 型晶体管，其中一个p-n结连接上电池使其有电流通过（正向偏置）， 另一个p-n结以相反的方向连接上电池（反向偏置）。如果用一个外 加信号使晶体管的正偏p-n结中的电流发生变化，反偏p-n结中的电流 将相应地跟着变化。这个原理可以用来构建放大器，正向偏置p-n结 的小信号可以引起反向偏置p-n结中电流大的变化。
电路原理课件讲义英文版 Chapter_2
Resistor: the circuit element used to model the current-resisting behavior of a material (Simplest passive element)
Ohm’s Law:
Ohm’s Law states that the voltage v across a resistor is directly proportional to the current i flowing through the resistor
2.4 Kirchhoff’s Laws
KCL: Kirchhoff’s Current Law (based on the law of
conservation of charge)
KVL: Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (based on the principle of
conservation of energy)
i1 i2 (i3 ) (i4 ) (i5 ) 0 or i1 i2 i3 i4 i5
i1 i5
Closed Boundary
i4
i3 i2
Application of KCL
Series of current sources : a circuit cannot contain two different currents, I1 and I2, in series, unless I1= I2; otherwise, KCL will be violated Parallel of current sources: the combined current is the algebraic sum of the current supplied by the individual sources.
Ohm’s Law:
Ohm’s Law states that the voltage v across a resistor is directly proportional to the current i flowing through the resistor
2.4 Kirchhoff’s Laws
KCL: Kirchhoff’s Current Law (based on the law of
conservation of charge)
KVL: Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (based on the principle of
conservation of energy)
i1 i2 (i3 ) (i4 ) (i5 ) 0 or i1 i2 i3 i4 i5
i1 i5
Closed Boundary
i4
i3 i2
Application of KCL
Series of current sources : a circuit cannot contain two different currents, I1 and I2, in series, unless I1= I2; otherwise, KCL will be violated Parallel of current sources: the combined current is the algebraic sum of the current supplied by the individual sources.
电路与电子技术课件(英文版)-第五章
▪ voltage sources.
13
THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION
▪ For a current source, wish to cancel the effects of a current source, it would stand to reason that an open circuit could be substituted for the current source
27
THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION
▪ Wish to cancel the effects of a voltage source and a current source,
▪ A short circuit === a voltage source ▪ An open circuit === a current source
▪ Find the node voltages in the circuit of Figure ▪ Known Quantities: Source current; resistor
values; dependent voltage source relationship. ▪ Find: Unknown node voltage v.
In order to set a voltage source equal to zero, we replace it with a short circuit
16
THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION
A short circuit === a voltage source An open circuit === a current source
13
THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION
▪ For a current source, wish to cancel the effects of a current source, it would stand to reason that an open circuit could be substituted for the current source
27
THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION
▪ Wish to cancel the effects of a voltage source and a current source,
▪ A short circuit === a voltage source ▪ An open circuit === a current source
▪ Find the node voltages in the circuit of Figure ▪ Known Quantities: Source current; resistor
values; dependent voltage source relationship. ▪ Find: Unknown node voltage v.
In order to set a voltage source equal to zero, we replace it with a short circuit
16
THE PRINCIPLE OF SUPERPOSITION
A short circuit === a voltage source An open circuit === a current source