雅思阅读:分词短语做后置定语

雅思阅读:分词短语做后置定语
雅思阅读:分词短语做后置定语

雅思阅读:分词短语做后置定语

1. the most common procedure for doing this is negotiation, the act ofcommunication intended to reach agreement.

结构分析:过去分词短语intended to reach agreement是the act of communication的后置定语,theact of communication intended to reach agreement是negotiation的同位语,对negotiation进行解释。

中文译文:做这件事的最常用的方法是谈判—一种想要达成一致的交流的行为。

小窍门:过去分词短语做后置定语在IELTS阅读中经常出现。因为形式相同.有时,容易理解为谓语(过去式).从而造成理解上的障碍。怎样区分动词加ed形式是谓语(过去式),还是后置定语(过去分词短语)呢?有两种方法:

(1看它与前面的词是主动还是被动的关系。是主动,则是谓语,过去式。如果是被动的关系,则是后置定语,过去分词短语。如上面例句中,intended toreach agreement与communication是被动的关系,所以是过去分词短语做后置定语。

(2)看句子中,是否有其他的谓语成分。一个句子中,只能有一个谓语成分,所以,如果该句已有了一个确定无疑的谓语,那么这个ed只能是过去分词短语了。如上面的例句中,is肯定是谓语,所以intended不能再是谓语了。

2. Yet, a father accepting responsibility for behavior problems is linked with positive outcomes.

结构分析:accepting responsibility for behavior problems是现在分词短语做father的后置定语。

中文译文:一个接受行为问题责任的父亲是和正面的结果相联系的。

3. Expeditioners heading south were issued with pamphlets

listingfive-letter codes covering almost every conceivable situation so they couldcommunicate with their families and still keep within strict "word limits"during their year on base.

结构分析:句子中Expeditioners heading south were issuedwith…是由一个定语从句简化而来的,即:Expeditioners which/that headed south were issuedwith---,由于which所指就expeditioners,即:主语相同;而which和head 之间又是主动关系,所以,可以省略为一个带有动名词的短语。

即:Expeditionersheading south were issued with- - -.

同理,pamphlets listing five-letter codes covering almost every conceivablesituation都是由定语从句得来的,即:pamphlets that/which listed five-letter codes that/whichcovered almost every conceivablesituation,因为that/which所指的都是其前面的那个中心词,即:主语相同;而that/which和其前面的那个中心词之间又是主动关系,所以.可以省略一个带有动名词的短语。

中文译文:往南走的探险者都发了小手册,其上有用5个字母表示的代码。这些代码涵盖了几乎每一种可以想象得到的情况。这样,这些探险者们就能够和他们的家人交流,并在谈话有限的情况下依然能够在基地坚持住。

不定式、动名词、过去分词 作定语的用法

不定式作定语的用法 不定式及其短语作定语,与其他短语作定语一样,一般都放在被修饰的词之后,通常表示一个将来的动作,有时也可以表示某一过去的特定动作。 一些名词后常用不定式作定语,如:chance(机会),way(方法),time(时间)等;另外,the first,the second,the last,the only等作名词或者它们作形容词用来修饰代词,它们或它们所修饰的代词后,也常用不定式作定语。 不定式作定语时,不定式与被修饰词之间存在的关系复杂,有的是主谓关系;有的是动宾关系;有的是动状关系,还有的不存在主谓、动宾、动状关系。 1、主谓关系的 (1)We must find a person to do the work. (2) There is no one to take care of her. (3) In my family, my mother is always the first one to get up. (4) He is always the first to come and the last to leave. (5) We need someone to go and get a doctor. 2、动宾关系的 如果不定式与被修饰的词在逻辑上存在动宾关系,不定式里的动词必须是及物动词。注意:是及物动词的,后面不要再加宾语,因为前面的被修饰词是它的宾语;是不及物动词的,要加上适当的介词或副词让它变成及物动词,只有这样,它才能带上前面的宾语。 (1) He has a lot of books to read. (2) I would like a magazine to look at. (3) Here is some advice for you to follow. (4) Do you have anything else to say? (5) There is no one to take care of. (6) She has nothing to worry about.

英语中的后置定语

英语中的后置定语 定语的位置一般有两种:用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语,用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。例:This is a very interesting book. 这是一本很有趣的书。 在此我们主要就后置定语谈谈其用法。 一般情况下,修饰名词或代词的词多放在被修饰词之前,但在以下几种情况下,修饰名词或代词的定语却放在它们之后,这种定语我们称之为后置定语。现归纳如下: 一、当形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-加body、one、thing 等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。例如: Let's give her something different to eat,then.那我们就给她一些别的东西吃吧。 I have something important to tell you.我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。 Can you see anything unusual in the picture?你能在这幅画中看出不寻常的东西吗? Nothing difficult!没有什么难的! 注意:若something 前面有定冠词修饰,形容词不用后置。例如:There , on the table , was the mysterious something that they had been looking for . 看,在桌子上,正是他们一直孜孜以求的神秘的东西。 二、介词短语作定语修饰名词或代词时,必须后置。常见的有表示所属的of短语,表示伴随状态的with短语,表示方位或穿戴的in短语等。例如: The girl in the red hat is my younger sister.戴红帽子的女孩是我妹妹。 China is a great country with a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的伟大的国家。 She is only a girl of ten years old.她只不过是个十岁的小女孩。The picture on the right is more beautiful.右边的画更漂亮。 三、部分副词作后置定语 副词here,there,home,below, above等作定语修饰名词时,须放在名词的后面。例如: People here like to drink tea.这里的人们喜欢喝茶。 On the way home,a big boy stopped him.在回家的途中,一个大

4后置定语与定语从句

后置定语与定语从句 英语中的后置定语往往可以分为以下几类,形容词做后置定语,现在分词做后置定语,过去分词做后置定语,不定式作后置定语。而后置定语往往可以由定语从句演变而来,这种定语从句的关系词往往是关系代词在从句中充当主语。下面我们来逐一讨论: 1.现在分词作后置定语 ⑴Who is the girl dancing with your brother?(现在分词作后置定语, 表正在)可改写成定语从句Who is the girl that is dancing with your brother? The high building being built (=which is being built)there is meant for the old without children. It is expected to be finished in a year.(正在被建) ⑵Anyone touching the wire will get a shock.可以改成定语从句Anyone who touches the wire will get a shock. 2.过去分词做后置定语 The jewelry (which is) worn by the Indians was made of bones. The spaceship (which was) called Shenzhou Ⅴ, was carrying China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei. The Indians wearing (=who wore)jewelry (which was) made of bones greeted them warmly. 3.不定时作后置定语 表示未发生或即将发生的情况如 The project (which is)to be completed next month needs more people to help.(即将完成的) There are more pains (which are)to come.(要来的) Children who lived closest to the Fukushima-1 Nuclear Power Station were among the first to be tested.(the first,the last之后常用不定式作定语)

分词作后置定语40838

所谓“定语”,就是能起到修饰、限定、解释说明作用的语言,例如,形容词是定语,定语从句也是定语。由于一些分词或分词短语置于被修饰对象的后面,所以称作“后置定语”。 现在分词和过去分词都可以做后置定语。 (1)被修饰的名词与作定语的动词为主动关系,表示该动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生,或是经常发生的行为时,用现在分词做定语。例如: The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那里的女孩是我姐姐。 The people waiting for the bus are talking with each other. 正在等公车的人们在相互交谈。 注意;分词短语作后置定语时可以改写成定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is my sister. The people who are waiting for the bus are talking with each other. (2)如果名词与作定语的动词为被动关系时,则定语有下列三种形式: a. 如果动作已发生或经常的行为,用done。 例如:The house built there is mine. 建在那儿的房子是我的。转为定语从句:The house which was built there is mine.

b. 如果动作正在进行,用being done。 例如:The house being built there is mine.正在那儿建造的房子是我的。 转为定语从句:The house which is being built there is mine. c. 如果动作未发生,用to be done。 例如:The house to be built there is mine.将要在那儿建起来的房子是我的。 转为定语从句:The house which is to be built there is mine.

(完整版)初中英语中的后置定语

初中英语中的后置定语 在英汉两种语言中,定语的作用大致相同,但值得注意的是,汉语里的定语都是放在它所修饰词之前,而在英语里,定语的位置既有在被修饰的词之前,也有在被修饰的词之后,本课主要就初中英语教学中常见的后置定语作一探讨。 一、所有的短语作定语要后置(介短、形短、不短、分短) 1.介词短语作后置定语 the fall of the Roman Empire罗马帝国的灭亡 children under ten 10岁以下的孩子 a thirst for knowledge求知欲 his experience in teaching phonetics他教授语音学的经验 Then the man in the shop understood what the Frenchman meant.(介词短语) I see you’ve made some drawings of our defence works. 2. 不定式短语作后置定语 He had no time to think about rest. 3.分词短语作后置定语,在意思上相当于一个定语从句 China stretches across a vast area covering (=which covers ) the cold, temperate and tropical zones. 中国幅员辽阔,包括寒带、温带和热带。 We are brothers sharing (=who share) weal and woe. 我们是患难与共的兄弟。 They live in a room facing (=that faces) the sea. 他们住在一间朝南的房子里。 They are problems left(=which have been left) over by history. 这些是历史遗留下来的问题。 The problem (that was) discussed has been solved. The amount of work (that was) done can be measured in this way.

现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别

现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 现在分词(动词-ing形式)和过去分词的主要差别在于:现在分词表示“主动和进行”,过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动,只表示完成)。 一、现在分词和过去分词作定语的用法 单个的分词放在所修饰的名词前(少数动词除外),分词短语放在所修饰的名词后。作定语的现在分词和过去分词的区别在于:现在分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是主动关系,现在分词表示动作正在发生或与谓语同时发生;过去分词与被修饰的名词在逻辑上是被动关系,过去分词的动作发生在谓语之前或没有时间性。有一点要指出的是:现在分词的被动式既表进行,又表被动。 1. 前置定语 (1)现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成。二者都表主动。 the rising sun正在升起的太阳 the risen sun已经升起的太阳 developing countries发展中国家 developed countries发达国家 the boiling water正在沸腾的水 the boiled water已经烧开的水 (2)现在分词表主动或进行,过去分词表被动。 remaining money 剩下的钱 working people劳动人民____________ a sleeping child一个睡着的孩子 written English书面英语 a man-made satellite人造卫星

a newly-built school新修的学校 the exciting news令人激动的消息 the excited people感到激动的人们 a puzzling problem令人迷惑的问题 a puzzled look感到迷惑的表情 2.后置定语 (1)现在分词的主动式表主动或进行;过去分词在语态上表被动,在时间上或表过去发生,或表没有时间性。 There are 20 people working for the project. 有20人参与这个项目。 The man standing there is our teacher. 站在那里的那个人是我们的老师。 There are some more events added to the Olympics. 有新的项目已被加到奥运会上。 I don’t like the composition written in pencil. 我不喜欢铅笔写的作文。(没有时间性) (2)现在分词的被动式既表进行,又表被动。 The library being built in the east of the city will be put into use next year. 正在城东修建的图书馆将于明年交付使用。 比较: The library built in the east of the city last year attracts many readers. 去年城东修建的图书馆吸引了很多读者。 二、实例分析 例1 The flowers _________sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt____________ D. to be smelt

(完整版)后置定语语法总结

在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。在初中阶段我们常见的几种后置定语如下: 一、形容词作复合不定代词的后置定语 当被修饰词为复合不定代词something,anything,nothing,everything; somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody; someone, anyone, everyone, no one时,修饰语常位于被修饰的不定代词之后。 (1) Do you have anything else to say about it? 关于这件事,你还有什么要说的吗? (2) I have something important to tell you. 我有些重要的事情要告诉你。 (3) Someone important will give the students a lecture on how to learn English well. 今天下午,一位重要的人物将给学生们做一场有关如何学好英语的报告。 二、形容词作疑问词的后置定语 修饰疑问词what, which, who, whose, whom, when, where, why, how时,修饰语要后置。 (1) What important would you like to talk about? 你想谈论什么重要的事情? (2) What else would you like to eat?你还想吃什么? (3) Where new have they decided to visit? 他们决定到哪些没有去过的地方参观? 三、 enough作后置定语 enough(a.)修饰名词时既可以在名词前,也可以在名词后。 (1) We have not enough time (time enough) to do the job. 我们没有足够的时间做该工作。 (2) They have enough people(people enough)to do the experiment. 他们有足够多的人手做这个实验。 但enough(adv.)修饰形容词或副词时,须位于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。例如:good enough (足够好的),big enough(够大的),fast enough(够快),carefully enough(足够仔细)。 四、介词短语作后置定语 the map on the wall 墙上的地图 the bird in the tree 树上的那只小鸟 the development of China 中国的发展 the way to the school 去学校的路

过去分词作定语用法.

过去分词作定语用法 (Past Participles Used as Attributes) 过去分词作定语,在语态上,表被动;在时间上,表示动作已经发生或完成,与它所修饰的名词有逻辑(意义)上的动宾关系。过去分词作定语时,所修饰的名词在逻辑上相当于被动句中的主语,过去分词相当于谓语。 过去分词作定语表示动作在谓语动作之前发生,已经完成并具有被动意义。有时也不表示时间性。作定语的过去分词一般由及物动词变来,因为只有及物动词才有被动意义。例如:He is a teacher loved by his students. 他是个很受学生爱戴的老师。 也有用不及物动词的过去分词作定语的情况,一般作前置定语,它不表示被动意义,只表示主动意义,强调动作完成。不能像及物动词的过去分词那样放在名词后面作定语。例如:fallen leaves 落叶 retired workers 退休工人 the risen sun 升起的太阳 注意下面过去分词作定语的几种情况: 1. 单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前。例如: We needed much more qualified workers. 我们需要更多的合格的工人。 My friend is a returned student. 我的朋友是个归国的留学生。 单个分词也可以作后置定语,用以强调动作。例如: They decided to change the material used. 他们决定更换使用的材料。 2. 过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后面,作后置定语,其作用相当于一个定语从句。例如: The student dressed in white is my daughter. =The student who is dressed in white is my daughter.)穿白色衣服的学生是我的女儿。 3. 如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no + thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时,即使一个单一的分词作形容词用,也要放在被修饰词的后面。例如: Is there anything unsolved? 还有没解决的问题吗? There is noting changed here since I left this town.自从我离开这个城镇以来,几乎没有什么变化。 4. 单个过去分词前加一名词或副词,常用连字符将它们连接起来构成一个复合形容词,放在其修饰的名词前,作前置定语。分词前加的名词表示分词的动作或行为主体,所加的副词表示方式、时间、程度、性质等意义。例如: This is a state-owned factory. 这是一家国营工厂。 This is our school-run factory. 这是我们的校办工厂。 5. 作前置定语的某些动词的过去分词的形式与作谓语或表语的过去分词的形式往往不一样。例如: 原形用作定语的过去分词用作表语或谓语的过去分词 drink drunken drunk

英语中的后置定语用法详细解答 ——by Fiona

超详细的英语中的后置定语的讲解 一定语从句作后置定语——(常出现在句子、文章中,并且是考试的重点,注重理解和应用能力,) 1)The girl I saw told me to come back today. 2)This house, for which he paid $ 150,000,is now worth $3000,000.这所房子他买时花了15万美元,现在值30万美元。 3)Sunday is a holiday, when people do not go to work.星期天是假日,这一天人们不上班。学习、理解和掌握英语后置定语,并能够清楚地区分和使用各种后置定语的用法是十分重要的,对学习英语,理解英语文章 二短语作定语须后置(一般情况下短语做定语放在被修饰的名词后做后置定语)------(常出现在句子、文章中,注重理解能力,较少出现考题) 1.形容词短语做定语,通常后置 例如: Italian is a Language very difficult to learn. 意大利语是一门非常难学的语言。 She has a garden much larger than yours . 她的花园比你的花园大得多。 2介词短语作后置定语 the bird in the tree树上的那只小鸟 the map on the wall墙上的地图 the development of China中国的发展 the standard of living生活水平 the south side of the Changjiang river长江两岸 the way to the hotel去旅馆的路 the life in the future未来的生活 3非谓语动词短语(不定式、现在分词、过去分词)作定语时,必须后置

可以作后置定语的各种成分

后置定语 一、形容词 1、形容词修饰由some-, any-, every-, no- 构成的复合不定代词时,只能作后置定语。如: (1)There is something unusual in her voice. 她的声音有些反常。 (2)They provided us with everything necessary. 他们向我们提供了各种必需品。 (3)Is there anything important in the paper? 报纸上有什么重要消息吗? (4)There is nothing wrong with your words. 你的话没有错。 2、形容词与介词短语、动词不定式短语或其他附加词连用作定语时,需放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。这类词有:easy(容易的)、difficult(困难的)、impossible (不可能)、different(不同的)、similar(类似的)、equal(相等的)、responsible (负责的)、suitable(合适的)、sufficient(充足的)等。如: (1)It was a conference fruitful of results. 这是一个富有成效的会议。 (2)He is one of the leading members responsible for the work. 他是负责这项工作的领导之一。 (3)The girl is married to a man greedy for money. 那女孩嫁给了一个贪财的人。 (4)English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master. 英语是一门易学而难精通的语言。 注:形容词词组作定语时一般后置,但有些则可以部分前置,部分后置,形成名词修饰语不连续的现象。如: a. They have facilities comparable to ours. 他们有和我们相同的设备。 They have comparable facilities to ours. b. Tom is the student easiest to teach. 汤姆是最容易教的学生。 Tom is the easiest student to teach. 3、形容词与表示数量或程度的短语连用作定语时,需放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。这类词有:deep(深的), long(长), wide(宽的), tall(高的), short (短的), high(高的), thick(厚的), thin(薄的)等。如: (1)Please fetch me a rope ten meters long. 请给我拿来一条10米长的绳子。 (2)a swimming pool nine feet deep 一个9英尺深的游泳池 (3)A laser beam can produce a temperature far higher than that of the surface of the sun. 激光能产生出远远超过太阳的温度。 注:这类词也常放在表示度量的名词之后作后置定语。如: a.That building is 40 stories high.

分词作后置定语40838

分词作后置定语 所谓“定语”,就是能起到修饰、限定、解释说明作用的语言,例如,形容词是定语,定语从句也是定语。由于一些分词或分词短语置于被修饰对象的后面,所以称作“后置定语”。 现在分词和过去分词都可以做后置定语。 (1)被修饰的名词与作定语的动词为主动关系,表示该动作正在进行或与主句动作同时发生,或是经常发生的行为时,用现在分词做定语。例如: The girl standing there is my sister. 站在那里的女孩是我姐姐。The people waiting for the bus are talking with each other. 正在等公车的人们在相互交谈。 注意;分词短语作后置定语时可以改写成定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is my sister. ~ The people who are waiting for the bus are talking with each other.(2)如果名词与作定语的动词为被动关系时,则定语有下列三种形式: a. 如果动作已发生或经常的行为,用done。 例如:The house built there is mine. 建在那儿的房子是我的。 转为定语从句:The house which was built there is mine. b. 如果动作正在进行,用being done。

例如:The house being built there is mine.正在那儿建造的房子是我的。 转为定语从句:The house which is being built there is mine. c. 如果动作未发生,用to be done。 例如:The house to be built there is mine.将要在那儿建起来的房子是我的。 % 转为定语从句:The house which is to be built there is mine.

现在分词作定语的前置与后置用法

现在分词作定语的前置与后置用法 一、现在分词作定语的前置 在通常情况下,单个的现在分词作定语时,应位于被修饰的名词之前,主要有以下用法: 1. 说有动作正在进行。如: a flying object 飞行中的物体 a buring building 正在燃烧的大楼 There’s a growing need for computers. 对电脑的需求日益增长。 2. 说明被修饰名词的性质或特征等。如: What a boring book! 多没意思的书啊! He gave me a warning cough. 他以咳嗽警告我。 His liver was in a shocking state. 他肝的状况糟透了。 She is a charming child. 她是一个招人爱的孩子。 Ivy has a climbing habit. 常春藤有攀缘向上的习性。 This is a very charming village. 这是一座迷人的村庄。 This is a pressing question. 这是一个紧迫的问题。 It was a pressing meeting and all members had to attend. 这是一次紧急会议,所有成员都得参加。 A man without a smiling face must not open a shop. 人无笑脸,不要开店。 He’s a shining example of a hard-working pupil. 他是用功学生的优秀榜样。 She is a walking [living] dictionary in her field. 她在自己的业务范围内是一部活词典。 但是,有时也可见到单个的现在分词用作后置定语,但主要见于有较强的动作意义的情形时(接近一个定语从句时)。如: Oh, it’s the cake burning. 噢,糕点烤焦了。

英语后置定语语法归纳

英语后置定语语法归纳 在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。定语是用来限定、修饰名词 或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语(动词不定式短语、动名词 短语和分词短语)或句子,汉语中常用“……的”表示。下面就是小编给大家带来的英 语后置定语语法归纳,希望大家喜欢! 英语后置定语语法归纳 定语主要由形容词担任,此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短 语也可以担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。在初中阶段 我们常见的几种后置定语如下: 一、形容词作复合不定代词的后置定语 当被修饰词为复合不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything; somebody,anybody, nobody, everybody; someone, anyone, everyone, no one时,修饰 语常位于被修饰的不定代词之后。 (1) Do you have anything else to say about it? 关于这件事,你还有什么要说的吗? (2) I have something important to tell you. 我有些重要的事情要告诉你。 (3) Someone important will give the students a lecture on how to learn English well. 今天下午,一位重要的人物将给学生们做一场有关如何学好英语的报告。 二、形容词作疑问词的后置定语 修饰疑问词what, which, who, whose, whom, when, where, why, how时,修饰语要后置。 (1) What important would you like to talk about? 你想谈论什么重要的事情? (2) What else would you like to eat?你还想吃什么? (3) Where new have they decided to visit? 他们决定到哪些没有去过的地方参观?

后置定语

英语语法难点一:后置定语 一、形容词做后置定语 形容词(Adjective)的主要功能之一就是作定语(Attribute),用来修饰名词或代词。其位置一般放在所修饰的词之前,作前置修饰语(Pre-modifier),或称为前置定语(Pre-attribute)。如:a fanny story(一个有趣的故事),a good teacher(一位好老师)。但在一些特殊情况下却可以放在所修饰的词之后,有的甚至只能放其后,作后置修饰语(Post-modifier),或称为后置定语(Post-attribute)。现就此特殊现象作以简要归纳分析。 (一)形容词修饰由some-, any-, every-, no- 构成的复合不定代词时,只能作后置定语。如:(1)He wanted to get someone reliable to help in the work. 他想找一个可靠的人来帮助做这项工作。 (2)There is something unusual in her voice. 她的声音有些反常。 (3)They provided us with everything necessary. 他们向我们提供了各种必需品。 (4)Is there anything important in the paper? 报纸上有什么重要消息吗? (5)There is nothing wrong with your words. 你的话没有错。 (6)Anyone intelligent can do it. 任何一个聪明的人都能做到。 (二)形容词与介词短语、动词不定式短语或其他附加词连用作定语时,需放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。这类词有:easy(容易的)、difficult(困难的)、impossible(不可能)、different(不同的)、similar(类似的)、equal(相等的)、responsible(负责的)、suitable(合适的)、sufficient(充足的)等。如: (1)It was a conference fruitful of results. 这是一个富有成效的会议。 (2)He is one of the leading members responsible for the work. 他是负责这项工作的领导之一。 (3)People brave enough to climb Everest deserve to succeed. 敢于攀登珠穆朗玛峰的人应该获得成功。 (4)The girl is married to a man greedy for money. 那女孩嫁给了一个贪财的人。 (5)English is a language easy to learn but difficult to master. 英语是一门易学而难精通的语言。 注:形容词词组作定语时一般后置,但有些则可以部分前置,部分后置,形成名词修饰语不连续的现象。如: a. They have facilities comparable to ours. 他们有和我们相同的设备。 They have comparable facilities to ours. b. Tom is the student easiest to teach. 汤姆是最容易教的学生。 Tom is the easiest student to teach. (三)形容词与表示数量或程度的短语连用作定语时,需放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。这类词有:deep(深的), long(长), wide(宽的), tall(高的), short(短的), high(高的), thick(厚的), thin(薄的)等。如: (1)Please fetch me a rope ten meters long. 请给我拿来一条10米长的绳子。 (2)a swimming pool nine feet deep 一个9英尺深的游泳池 (3)A laser beam can produce a temperature far higher than that of the surface of the sun.

现在分词与过去分词作定语比较

现在分词与过去分词作定语比较 由于现在分词和过去分词具有形容词或副词的特点,在句中可作表语、状语、宾语补足语和定语。作定语时,既可作前置定语,又可作后置定语。现将其用法归纳如下,供大家参考。 一、前置定语:单独一个分词作定语时,一般情况下被放在被修饰的名词前面,例如: 1.现在分词:几乎所有的现在分词都可以作前置定语,现在分词表示它所修饰名词的动作,二者有逻辑上的主谓关系,并且表示所修饰词的特点、性质等。(可以转换成定语从)。例如:Barking dogs seldom bit.=Dogs which barks seldom bit.爱叫的狗很少咬人。 (注意)作前置定语的现在分词前面可有状语修饰,有两种情况:一是已经转化为形容词的现在分词,状语多用very, rather等加强词,如:This is a rather boring film.这是部令人厌烦的影片。二是一般的现在分词不能用加强词作状语,但可用其他副词,例如:不能说:rather moving vehicles但可以说:fast moving vehicles 飞快行驶的车辆 2.过去分词:所有的及物动词的过去分词都可以做前置定语,不及物动词过去分词做前置定语时,一般过去分词前有副词修饰,但也有小数几个可以单独作前置定语。过去分词与已经完全变成了形容词的过去分词做前置定语的区别是:前者表示中心词承受动作的结果或状态;而后者表示中心词的特点。例如: a newly arrived student新到的学生(arrived是不及物动词,但前有newly修饰) an escaped convict逃犯(escaped不及物) a retired worker退休工人(retired不及物) a locked door上锁的门(locked表示中心词door锁后的状态) an experienced doctor有经验的医生(experienced表示中心词doctor的特点) 二、后置定语: 1)当被修饰的词是由some/any/no +thing/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词those等时,虽然是一个单一的分词作形容词用,但也要放在其后。(可变为定语从句)例如: There has been nothing changed since I left Harbin two years ago.自从两年前离开,哈尔滨一直没有什么变化。 2)当分词短语作定语时,一定要放其之后。例如: The bottle containing(=which contained) the poison was sent to the laboratory.盛毒品的瓶子被送到实验室。 They have intimate knowledge of the subject being investigated(=which is being investigated).他们对所研究的题目非常熟悉。 注意:现在分词的完成式不能做后置定语。但是,如果中心词是泛指的,偶尔可用现在分词的完成式做后置定语。例如: 不能说: The man having written that book is our teacher. 应该说: The man who has written that book is our teacher.写那本书的人是我们的老师。 Any man having written such a book is worthy of praising.(泛指)无论是谁,能写出这样的书,都应该受到表扬。

定语从句和分词短语做定语的区别

定语从句和分词短语做定语的区别 解答时间:2009-12-07 20:58:00 既然分词短语做定语的时候往往都可以和定语从句互换,那我想知道什么时候可以用分词短语做定语,什么时候可以用定语从句例如:The boy who is playing football is my brother.为什么也可以用The boy playing football is my brother. 分词短语做定语在大多数情况下都可与定语从句相转换。这是非谓语动词的语法特点。The school which was built twenty years ago is our school=The school built twenty years ago is our school但完成式的现在分词短语不能用作定语。如果两个动作有先后,要用定语从句。误:This is one of the factories having been built in 1980.正:This is one of the factories that were built in 1980.正:This is one of the factories built in 1980 去分词是非谓语动词的一种形式,表示完成和被动的动作。它在句子中可以充当表语、定语等成份。下面仅谈其作定语和表语的用法。 一、过去分词作定语 过去分词作定语有前置和后置两种情况。 1、前置定语 单个的过去分词作定语,通常放在被修饰的名词之前,表示被动和完成意义。 A类:被动意义: an honored guest 一位受尊敬的客人 The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.

过去分词作定语练习

过去分词做定语专项练习 1、The first textbook ___ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. have written B. to be written C. being written D. written 2、What's the language ____ in Germany? A.speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 3、Thousands of products ____ from coal are now in daily use. A. made B. make C. making D. to make 4、They had beef and ______ for supper. A. smoking fish B. fish smoking C. fish to smoke D. smoked fish 5、With ______ leaves ______ in the earth every year, the soil becomes richer and richer. A. falling; burying B. fallen; buried C. fallen; burying D. falling; buried 6. The trees _____ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down 7. The Emperor’s New Clothes is an ______ text. All of us are ______ about it. A. exciting; exciting B. excited; excited C. excited; exciting D. exciting; excited 8. His nephew, ______ at sea when he was fifteen, had been his only relative. A. losing B. loses C. lost D. being lost

相关文档
最新文档