08级翻译——增词 大三上学期英语专业翻译课件
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一、为了语法上的需要
1.增加量词 (1)增加名量词: 请看教材P30——(1)、(2)
a. Old age is like a plane flying through a storm. Once you are aboard, there’s nothing you can do.
老年就像一架在暴风雨中穿行的飞机,一 2020年9月17日星期四 旦你上去了,一切都将无能为力。
我就生活在我曾憎恨的下层社会中,整天 与三教九流的人摩肩接踵。
(4)增加一些表示不确定概念的词语,如“们”、“若 干”、“一些”、“有些”、“各”、“诸”、“全部” 等;增加表示类属的词语;重叠量词或重复名词。如:
a) flowers ; stars; birds; animals; the Americas; directions; governments; factors; steps taken; hills; rivers
c) bank clearings d) market forces
银行结算 市场约束力
(3)增加具体数目词语,如:
a) parallel bars b) seasons of the year c) colors of the rainbow
双杠 一年四季 七彩虹
2020年9月17日星期四
d) Yet I lived in the very underworld, rubbing shoulders with all walks of life that I had hated before.
b) The footmen were as ready to serve her as they were their own mistress.
= The footmen were as ready to serve her as they were ready to serve their own mistress.
a) I can say to you, without any flattery, that the Chinese way of co-operations is more inventive and fruitful than others.
= I can say to you, without any flattery, that the Chinese way of co-operations is more inventive and fruitful than the way of cooperations of others. 我可以对你说——我这样说没有任何奉承 2020年9月17日星期四 之意——中国的合作方式比别国的合作方 式更有特色,更有成果。
b. A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea. 一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。
(2)增加动量词 请看教材P31——(3)、(4)
a. Once they had a quarrel. 有一次,他们吵了一架。
b. Herb gave her a sly look. 赫伯偷偷地看了她一眼。
2.增加表示时、体和语气的词 请看教材P31——(1)至(6)
a. I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was.
2020Biblioteka Baidu9月17日星期四
b) stores records 库存记录
无数/许多花;群星、繁星;鸟类;动物界; 南北美洲;东南西北;各国/各级政府;诸因素; 已采取若干措施;一座座山;一条条河
b) You’re sweet! I’ll bet the other boys will be hopping mad tomorrow.
→你真好!我敢打赌,明儿那些孩子一个个 2020年9月17日星期四 都会高兴得发疯呢。
c) The nations of America are equally sovereign and independent with those of Europe.
美洲各国同欧洲各国一样自主,一样独立。 4.增加原文中省略的词 ◆英语中常用省略句,翻译时要根据汉语的表达 习惯,作些适当的增补。如:
仆人们愿意服侍她,就像愿意服侍他们的女主人 一样。
c) Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness; affection weakness; thrift avarice.
= Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness; affection in excess becomes weakness; thrift in excess becomes avarice.
→勇敢过度,即成蛮勇;感情过度,即成 2020年9月17日星期四 溺爱;节俭过度,即成贪婪。
d) Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.
= It is better to be wise by the defeat of others than to be wise by the defeat of your own.
翻译技巧—增词法
2020年9月17日星期四
增词是指增加原文中虽无其词而实有其义的词,使译文更 明确更完整,而不是无中生有地随意增加。增词法使译文 既能忠实地传达原文的内容和风格,又能符合译入语的表 达习惯。但增词必须是根据具体情况增加非增不可的词语。 增词一般用于以下三种情况:一是为了语法上的需要;二 是为了意义上的需要;三是为了修辞上的需要。
从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。
二、为了意义上的需要 英译汉有时有必要增加合适的名词、动词、 形容词(或是功能相当形容词的名词)或副 词,使译文意思清楚无误。
1.增加名词
1.增加量词 (1)增加名量词: 请看教材P30——(1)、(2)
a. Old age is like a plane flying through a storm. Once you are aboard, there’s nothing you can do.
老年就像一架在暴风雨中穿行的飞机,一 2020年9月17日星期四 旦你上去了,一切都将无能为力。
我就生活在我曾憎恨的下层社会中,整天 与三教九流的人摩肩接踵。
(4)增加一些表示不确定概念的词语,如“们”、“若 干”、“一些”、“有些”、“各”、“诸”、“全部” 等;增加表示类属的词语;重叠量词或重复名词。如:
a) flowers ; stars; birds; animals; the Americas; directions; governments; factors; steps taken; hills; rivers
c) bank clearings d) market forces
银行结算 市场约束力
(3)增加具体数目词语,如:
a) parallel bars b) seasons of the year c) colors of the rainbow
双杠 一年四季 七彩虹
2020年9月17日星期四
d) Yet I lived in the very underworld, rubbing shoulders with all walks of life that I had hated before.
b) The footmen were as ready to serve her as they were their own mistress.
= The footmen were as ready to serve her as they were ready to serve their own mistress.
a) I can say to you, without any flattery, that the Chinese way of co-operations is more inventive and fruitful than others.
= I can say to you, without any flattery, that the Chinese way of co-operations is more inventive and fruitful than the way of cooperations of others. 我可以对你说——我这样说没有任何奉承 2020年9月17日星期四 之意——中国的合作方式比别国的合作方 式更有特色,更有成果。
b. A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea. 一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起。
(2)增加动量词 请看教材P31——(3)、(4)
a. Once they had a quarrel. 有一次,他们吵了一架。
b. Herb gave her a sly look. 赫伯偷偷地看了她一眼。
2.增加表示时、体和语气的词 请看教材P31——(1)至(6)
a. I had never thought I’d be happy to find myself considered unimportant. But this time I was.
2020Biblioteka Baidu9月17日星期四
b) stores records 库存记录
无数/许多花;群星、繁星;鸟类;动物界; 南北美洲;东南西北;各国/各级政府;诸因素; 已采取若干措施;一座座山;一条条河
b) You’re sweet! I’ll bet the other boys will be hopping mad tomorrow.
→你真好!我敢打赌,明儿那些孩子一个个 2020年9月17日星期四 都会高兴得发疯呢。
c) The nations of America are equally sovereign and independent with those of Europe.
美洲各国同欧洲各国一样自主,一样独立。 4.增加原文中省略的词 ◆英语中常用省略句,翻译时要根据汉语的表达 习惯,作些适当的增补。如:
仆人们愿意服侍她,就像愿意服侍他们的女主人 一样。
c) Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness; affection weakness; thrift avarice.
= Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness; affection in excess becomes weakness; thrift in excess becomes avarice.
→勇敢过度,即成蛮勇;感情过度,即成 2020年9月17日星期四 溺爱;节俭过度,即成贪婪。
d) Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own.
= It is better to be wise by the defeat of others than to be wise by the defeat of your own.
翻译技巧—增词法
2020年9月17日星期四
增词是指增加原文中虽无其词而实有其义的词,使译文更 明确更完整,而不是无中生有地随意增加。增词法使译文 既能忠实地传达原文的内容和风格,又能符合译入语的表 达习惯。但增词必须是根据具体情况增加非增不可的词语。 增词一般用于以下三种情况:一是为了语法上的需要;二 是为了意义上的需要;三是为了修辞上的需要。
从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。
二、为了意义上的需要 英译汉有时有必要增加合适的名词、动词、 形容词(或是功能相当形容词的名词)或副 词,使译文意思清楚无误。
1.增加名词