功能性词汇

积极类

重要的

1 significant

2 essential

3 crucial

4 vital

5 indispensable

6 pivotal

第一类：角色类：

1 play a pivotal role in terms of

2 play a pushing role in the process of

3 play an instrumental part in

4 play a powerful part in

第二类：影响：

Effect

Influence

Impact

积极的：positive beneficial rewarding instrumental conducive advantageous

Working out is conducive to our health.

有害的：negative detrimental( be detrimental to)

Hazardous deleterious

Exert a 加形容词加impact on

Exert impacts on

第三类：serve 系列

Serve a useful(rewarding) purpose in terms of

Serve a practical(viable, feasible) purpose in terms of

第四类：功能系列：function

Fulfill an essential function in

Fulfill a far-reaching(profound) function in

第五类：短语类catalyst

Act as a catalyst to do sth

Furthering our studies abroad acts as a catalyst to promote our thoughts.

Be of enormous significance to sth

第六类：因素类

Factor

Element

Ingredient

Be an essential factor in determining sth

Exist as a cornerstone of sth

第七类：促进

Improve communication skills

Promote thinking abilities

Enhance team work spirit

Boost independent thinking abilities

Expand our vision

Increase working competitiveness

Adapt to society

Facilitate

Give a push to sth

Give a shove-ahead to sth

Strengthen my academic competence

Reinforce my communication skills

Consolidate our environmental consciousness

练习：

1 出国留学对一个人的成长的作用是很巨大的。

Carrying on further education abroad serves a rewarding purpose in terms of individual growth.

2 学好英语对一个出国留学生来讲是十分重要的。

消极类

第一类：伤害

V hurt damage

Undermine

Impair

Put sb at great risk

Put sb at a disadvantage

Pose a threat to sth

Put sb in jeopardy

ADJ

第二类：阻碍类

V prevent

Impede sb from doing sth

Hinder sb from doing

Thwart sb in doing sth

N

obstacle

hindrance

stumbling block

smoking is a stumbling block to health.

第三类：短语

Serve as a poor guide

Schools’ out-fashioned teaching methods serves as a poor guide to students. Reduce the chances for sb to do sth

Kill the opportunities for sb to do sth

第五类：遭受类

Be confronted with a severe threat

Be encountered with misfortune

Be afflicted with adversity

Be subject to a heavy blow to our life

第六类：冲突类

Run counter to

Be at odds with The development of economy is at odds with environment. 练习：

1 沉迷网络会给青少年造成十分有害的影响。

Indulging in the Internet takes a heavy toll on teenagers’ growth.

2 固执己见不利于集体活动。

Stubbornness exerts a detrimental impact on group activities.

中性类

使得

make me happy