Lecture 3 长难句分析(专题一)三大从句

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2020考研英语：长难句结构分析

2020考研英语：长难句结构分析考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面由小编为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：长难句结构分析”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2020考研英语：长难句结构分析一、复合从句在考研中，复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。

复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。

本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴，当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。

这种语法处理，并不是从语言学研究角度进行的，而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。

(一)简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。

套用从句，其实是最简单的长难句。

这类句子就像一根锁链，只要抓住句子的各个连接点，理出句子层次，就完全可以把握住。

在翻译定语从句时，“这(些/个)”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。

阅读时，定语从句一般可以跳过，实在不放心可以略读。

一般情况下，考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。

并列从句大致有四种情况：并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。

也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。

其实，并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同，只不过并列从句一般较长，会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。

并列从句修饰主语，就是说并列从句作状语。

这种句子很简单。

翻译时，可以直译，把从句作定语，直接放在主语前面。

如果从句很长，可以使用复指代词。

另外，翻译从句先行词时，要注意词性的转换，比如hope/suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。

考生要切忌拘于词性。

并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。

一般情况下，这些从句都不完整，多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。

事实上，现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语，都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。

并列从句修饰宾语。

宾语有两种，一种是单纯宾语，另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。

单纯宾语指在句中作宾语成分准宾语指在介词后面的宾语。

并列从句修饰单纯宾语的句子结构很清晰，阅读难度不大，但翻译有些难度。

并列从句修饰准宾语的就比较难了。

三大从句语法讲解

三大从句语法讲解从句：在复合句具有主谓部分但不能独立成句的句子。

主句：除掉从句，就是主句在英语中，主要有三大从句：名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）形容词性从句（即定语从句）副词性从句（即状语从句：包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）三大从句快速判断方法：1.主句不完整，从句不完整→名词性从句（连接代词）2.主句不完整，从句完整→名词性从句（连词、连接副词）3.主句完整，从句不完整→定语从句（关系代词）4.主句完整，从句完整→定语从句（关系副词）、同位语从句、状语从句名词性从句主语从句：（用句子代替名词来做主语）比如汉语中：①你通过我的方法学好了英语【主语】是我的荣幸。

②你要不要学英语【主语】是你自己的事。

③你想要的学习效果【主语】还必须靠你自己实现。

④你什么时候开始学英语【主语】是很重要的一件事。

基本：三类主语从句的连词（1）从属连词引导的主语从句（that / whether / if）that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省。

That 引导主语从句通常用it 作形式主语。

例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely.（你要赢得这样比赛看起来不可能。

）That she survived the accident is a miracle.（她能在这场事故中幸存真是个奇迹。

）这个就同我们汉语例子中的①句一样，只不过英语中更加重视句子结构，所以把that放在前头，告诉你这个that后面跟的句子（和里面的主谓宾）不影响主句。

whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省。

注意：引导主语从句，不能用if不能在开头，只能用whether.Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.（我们明天会不会在户外举办聚会取决于天气。

考研英语语法之三大从句

三大从句一、定语从句定语从句，简言之，就是用来做定语的句子，即用于修饰名词或代词的一个具有完整主谓结构的句子。

这个被修饰的名词或代词因为总是在定语从句的前面，所以我们称之为先行词。

而引导定语从句的连词，叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。

One reason why it is hard to design and teach such courses is that they cut across the insistence by top American universities that liberal-arts education and professional education should be kept separate, taught in different schools.（一）定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句所修饰的对象。

只有正确找出先行词，才能明白定语从句所修饰的究竟是什么成分，才能正确理解句子前后各部分的逻辑关系，分清句子结构，从而正确理解句子。

1. 一个词（通常是名词，也可以是代词）For a social epidemic to occur, however, each person so affected must then influence his or her own acquaintances, who must in turn influence theirs, and so on; and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.2. 一个短语During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities.3. 一个从句The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse language could be.4. 一个完整的句子As can be seen from the comparison of these figures, the principle involves the active participation of the patient in the modification of this condition.They are invited to the state banquet, which was a great honor to them.（二）引导定语从句的关系词1.It is about YOU, and how you performed and what you accomplished in those past jobs –especially those accomplishments that are most relevant to the work you want to do next.She had recently left a job and had helped herself to copies of the company’s client data, which she intended to draw upon in starting her own business.At the same time, the American Law Institute – a group of judges, lawyers and academics whose recommendations carry substantial weight – issued new guidelines for tort law stating that companies need not warn customers of obvious dangers or bombard them with a lengthy list of possible ones.dream, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak.Now the tide appears to be turning. As personal injury claims continue as before, some courts are beginning to side with defendants, especially in cases where a warning label probably wouldn’t have changed anything.Pearson has pieced together the work of hundreds of researchers around the world to produce a unique millennium technology calendar that gives the latest dates when we can expect hundreds of key breakthroughs and discoveries to take place.（三）定语从句与先行词的隔离考研英语中有很多复杂的定语从句，它们的先行词并不像常规那样紧靠着关系词，而是在先行词与关系词之间插入了很多成分。

三大从句

1宾语从句在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。

that: I think that you can pass the exam.Whether/if: I don’t know what the word means.“Wh”:I don’t know what the word means.I don’t know where he found the book.只用whether的情况：1. 与or not连用：I don’t know whether it’s raining or not.2. 与动词不定式连用：He doesn’t know whether to accept the invitation.3. 连接词前有介词时：It depends on whether he is coming.1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定(各种时态均可)She wants to know what he has done for the exam.2.主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。

1）She said that she was a student.2）She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3）She said that she had finished her homework already.3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.2定语从句在复合句中修饰名词、代词的从句叫定语从句。

先行词指人who /that 先行词指物which/ that定语从句一般紧跟被修饰的名词或代词（即先行词）后关系代词代替先行词在句子中担当成分，所以从句中不可再出现其他代替先行词的代词Whom: 先行词指人，则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语（包括介词的宾语）, 与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whom1. This is the teacher whomwho we like best.2. I don’t like the boy to whom you are talking.Whose :指人或物，作定语，表示“…的”eg: Harry is the boy whose mother is our math teacher.关系代词只能that 的特殊情况：1.先行词前有序数词修饰时：This is the first gift that my parents bought me.2.先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时：This is the most exciting film that I have ever seen.3. 先行词是不定代词something, anything等时.e.g. Is there anything that you want in this shop4. 先行词是人和物时, 用that.e.g. He talked about some writers and books that were unknown to us all.5. 先行词被all , little , the only , the very(就是，正是), the last 等词修饰时,只能用thate.g. This is the last place that I want to visit.6. 特殊疑问句以who 或which 开头，只能用that引导.Who is the girl that is making a speech on the platform?当关系代词前使用介词时：物+介词+which ; 人+ 介词+ whom当关系代词前使用介词时：e.g. 1. This is the train by which we went to Beijing.2. This is the teacher to whom my mother is talking.3状语从句在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。

如何轻松解决英语语法问题之三大从句和并列句

轻松搞定英语语法之-主从复合句&并列句英语铁规律：一个简单句中有且只有一个谓语动词，若有两个谓语动词，那么其中一个是从句或者并列句！！牢记在心中考复习中句法里面研究最多少还是从句和并列句！考语法题一般也是靠引导词用哪一个或者并列连词用哪一个。

名词性从句（宾语从句）和定语从句可以根据分析句子结构来基本的判断用哪一个引导词，状语从句和并列句则需要根据整句话的逻辑关系来判断。

初步判断是哪一种从句也需要用到判定句子的成分的方法，所以学习从句之前先得知道一个句子的成分！什么是主干部分，什么是修饰部分！句子基本结构：【主干结构：汉英基本相同】五大基本句型：主谓I come.主谓宾I love you.主谓宾宾I give you my heart.主谓宾补You make me happy.主系表You were my everything.I come.我来。

I love you.我爱你。

I give you my heart.我给你我的心。

You make me happy. 你让我幸福。

You are my everything. 你是我的一切。

英语句子= 主干（主宾表）+ 修饰（定语&状语）句子成分除谓语之外，都可以用从句来代替。

所有从句都是从句=引导词+陈述语序干掉从句后，看句子成分：（完不完整，说的是主干部分）1、主句不完整，从句不完整名从（连接代词）2、主句不完整，从句完整名从（连词）（连接副词）3、主句完整，从句不完整定从（关系代词）4、主句完整，从句完整定从（关系副词）（不怎么考）状语从句名词性从句名词性从句用从句替代名词（这里我们就讲代替名词做宾语，宾语从句）▪I know a secret. ——我是名词▪I know that Lilei has a special kungfu. ——我是从句▪I heard that you has a secret .▪(I heard) that you found a girl… 名词性从句▪(I heard) that your dreams came true.“名从”的本质是什么？▪名从是一个句子▪名从是一件事儿▪名从是一个名词儿▪名从就是用一个句子▪表示一件事儿▪再把它变成一个名词儿——名从之歌事儿（句子）→→→→→→→名词（名词性从句）确定的事儿that不确定的事儿whether/if问题特殊疑问词when where why howWho whom which what（一）名从=确定的事儿▪造句方法：直接在句子前面加that▪翻译方法：不看that，直接翻译(thatAnna teaches English)(that Anna has a special Kungfu)Iknow….Anna has a special kungfu. （that）The radio says_______ it will rain tomorrow.收音机报道说明天要下雨。

三大从句讲解及练习(附有答案)

从句从句按其在主句中的句法功能可分为三类:即名词性从句、形容词性从句(即定语从句)和副词性从句(即状语从句)。

引导从句的词称作关联句。

一、名词性从句引导这些名词性从句的关联词包括:从属连词：that, if, whether;连接代词：who,whoever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,what,whatever,wh ose;连接副词where, when, why, how。

其中, 从属连词只起连接作用, 在从句中不充当任何句法成分,而连接代词和连接副词既起连接作用, 在从句中又充当一定的成分.不可省略的连词：1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。

That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较：whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。

但在下列情况下，whether 不能被if 取代：1. whether引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not"Whether he will come is not clear.The fact is that he didn't go to the dinner party.I don't know if he will attend the meeting.1. 在含有主语从句的复合句中, 为保持句子平衡, 常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句置于句末. That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。

高考英语长难句分析(含练习及答案)

长难句分析长难句分析“两步法”[Step1:预处理]①找出谓语动词并用下划线标注；谓语动词即所有的非谓语动词，包括主句的谓语和从句的谓语②给“三长”加括号，“三长”包括从句，介词短语，非谓语动词；三大从句：名词性从句：、、、形容词性从句：副词性从句：注意：一旦出现下一修饰成分，就把上一修饰成分结束掉，不管上一修饰成分是否以及结束③给“并列词”加方框，给“并列项”加三角；并列词：and、or、but、as well as并列项：A和B例如：A...and B...注意：因为修饰成分往往出现在被修饰成分的后面，找并列项时先找B后找A，B往往是并列词的右边最近的单词；再通过B去寻找A，因为A和B往往满足“结构相似、含义相近”，通俗来讲就是A和B往往很像[Step2:做直译]对每个括号进行翻译注意：每个括号里的第一个单词都像是一个“挂钩”，可以利用每个挂钩提问和回答问题，将一个个括号连接起来[Step3:调语序]如果没有英翻汉的题型可以不去做这一步长难句分析练习1.First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century,the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem,and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecole Polytechnique（巴黎综合理工学院）.成分简析：2.It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use Internet-connected computers,although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced,the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet.成分简析：3.Perhaps the best sign of how computer and Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself,which sees printing as one of its most promising new market.成分简析：4.The action group has also found acceptable paper made from materials other than wood, such as agricultural waste.成分简析：5.Mostly borrowed from English and Chinese,these terms（术语）are often changed into forms no longer understood by native speakers.成分简析：6.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat,dog or snake!成分简析：7.Newton is shown as a gifted scientist with very human weaknesses who stood at the point in history where magic ended and science began.成分简析：8.But for all the texts that are written,stored and sent electronically,a lot of them are still ending up on paper.成分简析：9.With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence,according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA)（盆地治疗动物组织）in Salt Lake City.成分简析：10.Discovered by the Portuguese admiral of the same name in1506,and settled in1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred.成分简析：11.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than1000huge stone figures,called moat,for which the island is most famous.成分简析：12.Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.成分简析：13.We even have different word for some foods,meat in particular,depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked,which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming.while the upper-class Normans were doing most of the eating.成分简析：14.When Americans visit Europe for the first time,they usually find Germany more “Foreign”than France because the German they see on signs and ads seems much more different from English than French does.成分简析：15.The major market force rests in the growing population of white-collar employees,who can afford the new service,in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due to the increasing number of white-collar employees.成分简析：16.The hot sun had caused the dough to double size and the fermenting yeast（发酵型酵母）made the surface shake and sigh as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being from outer space.成分简析：17.After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle for spending only half the day doing ordinary school work,and acting,singing or dancing their way through the other half of the day?成分简析：18.So when Ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly notice,I was so surprised that I was speechless,my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into shape.成分简析：19.Thirty years after being introduced to McCauley’s words,they still seem to me the best yardstick（准绳）,because they give us a way to measure ourselves rather than others.成分简析：20.But when John and his fellow soldier came in sight some of the people watching couldn’t help laughing at the one who couldn’t keep pace with the others as they march along.成分简析：长难句分析答案First(put forward)(by the French mathematician Pierre de Format)(in the seventeenth century),the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds,(including a French woman scientist)(who made a major advance)(in working out the problem),and (who had to dress)(like a man)(in order)(to be able)(to study)(at the Ecole Polytechnique).It is difficult(to measure the quantity)(of paper)(used)(as a result)(of use Internet-connected computers),although just about anyone(who works)(in an office)can tell you(that)(when e-mail is introduced),the printers start working overtime.That is,the growing demand(for paper)(in recent years)is largely due(to the increased use)(of the Internet).Perhaps the best sign(of)(how computer and Internet use pushes up demand)(for paper) comes(from the high-tech industry itself),(which sees printing)(as one)(of its most promising new market).The action group has also found acceptable paper(made)(from materials other)(than wood),such(as agricultural waste).Mostly(borrowed)(from English and Chinese),these terms are often changed(into forms) no longer(understood)(by native speakers).Tales(from Animal Hospital)will delight all fans(of the programme)and anyone(who has a lively interest)(in their pet),(whether it be a cat,dog or snake)!Newton is shown(as a gifted scientist)(with very human weaknesses)(who stood)(at the point)(in history)(where magic ended and science began).But(for all the texts)(that are written,stored and sent electronically),a lot of them are still ending up(on paper).(With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love),dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners(needed)(for a beginning reader)(to gain confidence),(according to Intermountain Therapy Animals(ITA))(in Salt Lake City).(Discovered)(by the Portuguese admiral)(of the same name)(in1506),and(settled in 1810),the island belongs(to Great Britain)and has a population(of a few hundred).They had no connection with the outside world(for more)(than a thousand years),(giving them plenty)(of time)(to build more)(than1000huge stone figures),(called moat,)(for which the island is most famous).Whereas（鉴于）a women’s closet female friend might be the first(to tell her)(to leave a failing marriage),it wasn’t unusual(to hear)(a man say)(he didn’t know)(his friend’s marriage was)(in serious trouble)until he appeared one night(asking)(if he could sleep) (on the sofa).We even have different word(for some foods,meat)(in particular),(depending)(on) (whether it is still out)(in the fields)or(at home)ready(to be cooked),(which shows the fact)(that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming).while the upper-class Normans were doing most(of the eating).(When Americans visit Europe)(for the first time),they usually find Germany more “Foreign”(than France)(because the German)(they see)(on signs and ads)seems much more different(from English)(than French does).The major market force rests(in the growing population)(of white-collar employees),(who can afford the new service),in other words,Shanghai’s car rental industry is growing so fast mainly due(to the increasing number)(of white-collar employees).The hot sun had caused the dough(to double size)and the fermenting yeast made the surface(shake)and(sigh)(as though it were breathing and it looked like some unknown being)(from outer space).After all,what lively children wouldn’t settle(for)(spending only half the day)(doing ordinary school work),and(acting,singing or dancing)their way(through the other half) (of the day)?So(when Ed arrived)(for our game)not only(with the bottom)(of his shirt)(gatheredinside his trousers)but also(with a stomach)(you could hardly notice),I was so surprised (that I was speechless),(my cousin must have made an effort)(to get himself)(into shape).Thirty years(after)(being introduced)(to McCauley’s words),they still seem(to me)the best yardstick,(because they give us a way)(to measure ourselves)rather(than others).But(when John and his fellow soldier came)(in sight)some of the people(watching) couldn’t help(laughing)(at the one)(who couldn’t keep pace)(with the others)(as they march along).。

三大从句知识点总结

三大从句知识点总结一、名词性从句名词性从句是在句子中充当名词的作用，可以位于主句中的主语、宾语、表语或者介词宾语的位置，起着名词的作用，因此也被称为从句名词。

名词性从句主要包括宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句等几种。

1. 宾语从句宾语从句用来充当主句中的及物动词（transitive verb）或介词后面的宾语，例如：I know (that) he is coming.（我知道他要来了。

）He said (that) he would come tomorrow.（他说他明天会来。

）在上面的两个例句中，that引导的从句分别充当了know和said后面的宾语。

2. 主语从句主语从句用来作为整个主句的主语，例如：That he is so successful surprises everyone.（他这么成功让每个人都感到惊讶。

）What he is saying is true.（他所说的是真的。

）在上面的两个例句中，从句that he is so successful和what he is saying分别作为整个主句的主语。

3. 表语从句表语从句用来作为及物动词后的表语，例如：The problem is that we don't have enough time.（问题就在于我们没有足够的时间。

）在这个例句中，从句that we don't have enough time充当了动词is后的表语。

4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或者说明名词的内容，例如：The news that he won the prize is exciting.（他获奖的消息令人兴奋。

）在这个例句中，从句that he won the prize充当了news这个名词的同位语。

名词性从句在句子中起着非常重要的作用，能够充分地承担名词的功能，并且丰富了句子的表达方式。

二、定语从句定语从句用来修饰名词或代词，对其进行进一步的说明或者限定，增加句子的信息量。

考研英语语法长难句

一、名词性从句名词性从句是指在句子中充当名词的从句，常用的名词性从句有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

1. 主语从句主语从句在句子中充当主语的成分，常用连词有：that, whether, what, who, which等。

例如：(1) That you failed the exam disappoints me.(2) Whether he will come to the party is still uncertain.2. 宾语从句宾语从句在句子中充当宾语的成分，常用连词有：that, whether, if, what, who, whom, which等。

例如：(1) She asked me if/whether I was available on that day.(2) The teacher told us what we should pay attention to.3. 表语从句表语从句在句子中充当表语的成分，常用连词有：that, whether, what等。

例如：(1) The question is whether we can finish the project on time.(2) His problem is that he is not motivated enough.4. 同位语从句同位语从句用来对某个名词或代词进行说明、解释或补充，置于该名词或代词之后，常用连词有：that, whether, what等。

例如：(1) The news that he got admitted to the top university excited his parents.(2) The fact that she lied to us made us lose trust in her.二、定语从句定语从句是修饰某个名词或代词的从句，常用的关系词有：who, whom, whose, which, that等。

三大从句的共同点与不同点

从句的共同点与不同点第一部分：概念从句（Subordinate Clause）是复合句里的一个句子成分。

它不能独立成句，但它也有主语部分和谓语部分，就是句子一样。

所不同的是，它必须由一个关联词（Connective）来引导。

从句有主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句6类。

由于主语从句、表语从句及宾语从句在句子的功用相当于名词，故而这3种从句又通称名词性从句。

1、名词性从句（1）、主语从句（Subject Clause）：用作主语的从句叫主语从句。

引导主语从句的关联词有从属连词、疑问代词、疑问副词、缩合连接代词、缩合连接副词等。

（2）、表语从句（Predictive Clause）：用作表语的从句叫表语从句。

引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。

（3）、宾语从句（Object Clause）：用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。

引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大都一样。

2、定语从句（Attributive Clause）：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般皆放在被它所修饰的名（代）词之后，这种名（代）词就叫作先行词（Antecedent）。

引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词。

关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等；关系副词在定语从句中用作状语。

另外，同位语从句（Appositive Clause）：与先行词同位或等同的从句叫作同位语从句。

其关联词多为that。

6、状语从句（Adverbial Clause）：用作状语的从句叫作状语从句。

其关联词是一些从属连词。

第二部分：注意共同点与非共同点一名词性从句:1. 主要包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句. 一般由that 引起,也可由who, what, when, why, which, whom, whether, how 引起.What you need is more practice. （你需要的是更多的练习。

2025届高考英语复习课件-突破语法之三大从句课件

⁠
高考对状语从句的考查主要涉及： 1. when， until/till引导的时间状语从句； 2. so that引导的结果状语从句； 3. if/unless引导的条件状语从句。
考点一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句
关系代词 that
which
先行词
在从句中充当的成分
人或物主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语(只引导限制性定语从句) 物主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语
卷别
(非限制性) 2019
Ⅲ 64.that/who
浙江 58.that/which
名词性从句 61.that(同位语从句)
状语从句
考向1 定语从句
[全国卷5年12考]
1. [2023 全国甲，63]Yet， the form of the fable still has values today， as Carson says in ＂A Fable for Tomorrow.＂
6. [2020全国Ⅲ，61]In ancient China lived an artist whose
paintings were almost
⁠
lifelike.
7. [江苏高考，21]We have entered into an age when dreams have the best chance of ⁠
example
that/which
，
formed the core collection of the British Museum
opened in 1759.
⁠
6. [2020新高考Ⅱ，60]The Digital World is a set of volumes that/which aim to ⁠

考研英语-从句子间关系分析长难句中的三大经典从句

考研英语:从句子间关系分析长难句中的三大经典从
句
考研英语:从句子间关系分析长难句中的三大经典从句，更多考研英语复
习资料、考研英语备考经验、考研历真题及答案等信息，请及时关注考研英
语阅读理解一篇文章中一般会出现3-5 句长难句，而且还至少命制一道针对
长难句理解的考题，因此很有必要熟悉长难句的种类以及它们各自的重点。

长难句可从语法成分和句子间关系两个层面来分析，下面列举了一些实例，
同学们可参考分析，考试时碰到类似句子就能抓住重点。

从句子间关系来看
1、并列句
While talking to you, your could-be employer is deciding whether your education, your experience, and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares”and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
[参考译文]。

英语长难句分析

▪
▪ [例句] It never occur to him that parts of the day have different meanings in different cultures. (it形式主语，that主语从句放在句尾)
▪
▪ [例句] We all think it our duty to support our parents when necessary.(动词不定式做宾语后置，it作形式宾语)
▪ 在这个句子中,主句有两个并列的谓语动词
stimulates和trims,而且,trims有两个并列的宾语 pollution control和energy costs, that引导的定语从句修饰industries一词。
分隔结构
为了调整语气和增加补充信息,更主要的是为了平衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻,使语义严密,结构紧凑,而将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来,这就是所谓的分隔结构 (discontinuous structure)。例如出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。此外,还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置,也可以看作是插入现象,只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整,没有新增信息。
▪ 9、同位语结构——英文句子中，两个描述或表示同一事物或内容的语言结构放在同等并列的位置上，后者对前者进行解释说明叫做前者的同位语。前者叫做后者的本位语。可以作同位语的结构有：名词、代词、数词、不定式、分词短语、动名词、介词短语和从句。同位语的出现本身会造成句子的分隔现象。同位语的后移现象也会造成句子分隔形成长难句。
▪
改变语序主要指倒装句式。这种打破相对固定的常规语
3.分词状语，独立主格结构的干扰

英语三大从句语法讲解

英语三大从句在英语中，主要有三大从句，即名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。

定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词代替前面的先行词，并且在定语从句中充当句子成分，可以作主语、宾语、定语等。

常见的关系代词有：who, that, which。

它们的主格、宾格和所有格如下表所示：（一）关系代词who, whom和whose的用法who代替人，是主格，在定语从句中作主语。

An architect is a person who designs buildings. 建筑师是设计房屋的人。

whom代替人，是宾格，在定语从句作宾语，在非正式英语常可省略。

Do you know the gentleman whom we met in the school library yesterday? 昨天我们在学校图书馆里遇到的那位先生你认识吗？whose一般代替人，有时亦可代替物，是所有格，在定语从句作定语。

The girl student whose father is a senior engineer used to study abroad. 其父是一位高级工程师的那个女学生过去在国外留学。

Do you know the name of the hotel whose window we can see here? 我们这儿能看到窗户的那个宾馆叫什么名字，你知道吗？（关系代词whose指代先行词hotel，正式用法应该用of which。

whose window=the window of which，意思是：the window of the hotel。

）（二）关系代词which的用法which代替物，在定语从句作主语或宾语，作宾语时还可省略。

I do not like stories which have unhappy endings.我不喜欢有不幸结局的小说。

三大类从句简析

英语三大类从句简析叫什么从句就看该从句充当什么成分主语从句就是在句中充当主语的从句what he did made me angry 他的所作所为让我恼火宾语从句就是在句中充当宾语的从句He said that he would not go to school tomorrow 他说他明天不去上学定语从句就是在句中充当宾语的从句The boy whom i talked to is my cousin 跟我说话的那个男孩儿是我表弟表语从句就是在句中充当表语的从句The house is not what it used to be 那所房子不是它原来的那个样子了状语从句就是在句中充当状语的从句有原因时间让步等状语从句原因状语从句She was late for school because she overslept 因为睡过头了所以她迟到了时间状语从句when I was 5 years old,my parents divorced 当我五岁的时候父母离异了让步状语从句Although I liked the watch very much,I donated it to the children in the rural region尽管我非常喜欢这只手表但是我还是把它捐给了山区的孩子同位语从句就是在句中充当同位语的从句同位语从句通常起解释说明作用通常由that引导that不做成分没有词义最常见的同位语从句：Word came that the US president Barrack Obama was going to visit China.消息传来美国总统奥巴马将访问中国that the US president Barrack Obama was going to visit China 就是word 的同位语从句从句讲述的就是news的内容所以同位语从句起解释说明作用第一大类：定语从句定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。

三大从句讲解

三大从句一.定语从句英语句子从结构上看有三种类型：1.简单句（Simple Sentence)2.并列句（Compound Sentence)3.复合句（Complex Sentence)【1】.简单句的五大基本句型：主语+连系动词+表语【Her face turned red with anger. 】主语＋及物动词＋宾语【Y ou can consider my suggestion.】主语＋不及物动词（＋状语）【This kind of cloth sells well.】主语＋及物动词＋间宾＋直宾【He explained us the sentence.】主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾补【He found the work half done.】【2】.并列句：由两个或两个以上等立而又相互独立的简单句构成，两个简单句由等立连词连在一起。

其结构是：简单句+等立连词+简单句（1）He has studied English for only one year,but he can read and write now.（2）Keep on and you will make progress.【3】.复合句：由一个主句或几个从句构成的句子。

从句只用作句子的一个成份，不能独立。

根据从句在句中的作用，可分为名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句三类。

从句：是一个成份，由一个句子充当某个成份定语：用于修饰名词或代词（1）He is a physics teacher.（2）Please show me another ticket.（3）Australia is an English-speaking country.定语从句：由一个句子充当定语从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词：被定语从句修饰的词(名词或代词)引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词、关系副词）引导词的作用：(1)引导定语从句(2)在从句中作一成份(3)代替先行词在从句中的位置例：The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.1.A traveller is a person who\that travels.2.A computer is a machine that does counting most quickly.3.A clock is a machine that tells people time.4.A fridge is a machine which is used to keep food fresh.5.A tailor is a person who makes clothes.6.A beggar is a person who makes a living by begging.7.A teacher is a person who gives lessons to students.8.A nurse is a person that looks after people who are ill.9.The panda is a kind of animal that can be found only in China.10.April 1st is the day which is called April Fool’s Day in the West.关系代词和关系副词的作用关系代词和关系副词如何区别1.The reason ___why__he missed the speech is that he forgot the time.2.The reason____that\which___he gave us sounded reasonable.3.I’ll never forget the day ______that\which____we spent together in Paris.4.I’ll remember the day____when____we stayed together at that time.5.This is the factory____that\which___we visited last year.6.This is the house ____where___Lincoln once lived.Remember: 引导词用关系代词还是用关系副词关键要看他们在从句中作什么成份而定。