系统功能语言学与翻译研究(司显柱)

Not dazzled by other people’s aura of success and glamour, I’ll indulge in my simple pleasure.
“凡事不逃避，我喝 我的清茶。”
I stick to the pureness of my pleasure,
never escaping from reality.
翻译概念意义 翻译人际意义 翻译语篇意义
Then followed such quotations 接连便是难懂的话， from the classics, such as “ a
gentleman keeps his integrity
even in poverty,” together with a spate of archaisms which soon had everybody roaring with laughter.
小句的及物性系统

小句的语气系统(包括情态和评价)

小句的主位结构和各种衔接关系
翻译研究向来是“意义”为本

Hatim & Masion：视译学研究中的“意义解读 为译者工作的中心” Matthessian：把翻译的行为理解为“在目标语 中重构译出语意义的过程”

语言的 元功能
译学之 研究根 本


对等论 等效论 多元系统论 目的论 后殖民主义 后结构主义 解构主义 女性主义
系统功能语言学研究：

探索的对象 研究的旨在 研究的中心
语言在一定情景下的应用 语言所发挥的功能 语言形式选择的合适与否


系统功能语言学定义语言的三种元功能meta-function

概念(ideational) 人际(interpersonal) 语篇(textual)
heard on it,” said Mr.
Peggtty, “going on nigh a year. We was living then in a solitary place, but among the beautifullest trees, and with the roses a-covering our Bein’ to the roof...”
司显柱
北京交通大学语言与传播学院
为什么可以 从系统功能 语言学切入 研究翻译
从系统功能 语言学为视 角可以研究 哪些方面的 翻译问题
从系统功能 语言学视角 来切入翻译 研究是一种 优化的研究 路径
交叉性学科

观点和流派


语言学 文学 人类文化学 符号学 心理学 传播学 社会学
是指对原文涵义、意图的对等。

鉴于两种语言所在文化系统间存在差异，译者在 处理译入语读者所不熟悉的原语中的文化因素时， 必须采用诸如替代、解释或加修饰语等手段。
“他饮他的花酒，我喝我的清茶。” 试译 “面对别人的成功和荣耀，我喝我 的清茶。” 我喝我的清茶 “凡事不逃避，我喝我的清茶。”
满足于一种清纯、恬静、简朴的生活 contenting himself with purest and simplest pleasure







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Human life, it seems to me, needs a
“他饮他的花酒，我 喝我的清茶。”
placidity of mind. While others may
be dinning and winning, I’m content
with plain tea.
“面对别人的成功和 荣耀，我喝我的清 茶。”
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was still very far
from having a shop
柜的等级还很
远呢。
of my own.
——杨宪益先生所翻译的鲁迅作品《孔乙己》
“我听到消息后，”辟果提先
生说道：“瞒着她差不多一 “I kep it from her after I 年。当时我们住在一个僻静 的住所，周围有十分美丽的 树木，屋顶有蔷薇花......” “起初时俺听了消息，”辟果提 先生说：“瞒着她也快一年了。 俺们那时呆的地方挺背，前后



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译出原文之意图 体现译者之意图

系统功能语言学视应用语言为一种基于交际目的的 行为。

贯穿言语交际整个过程之始终的就是交际主体（作
者和读者，说话人和听话人）围绕交际意图这个关
键词在包括了形式（语言）、功能和情景三个系统 的言语行为框架下的言语编码和解码活动。

翻译要追求对原文的意义对等，包括或者说主要
八方的树木说不出的漂亮，屋
顶尽是蔷薇花儿.....”
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tallyboard; but in less than a month he invariably settled the bill, and the name Kong Yiji would be wiped off the
board again.
——杨宪益先生所翻译的鲁迅作品《孔乙己》
It seemed to me that I 我暗想我和掌
语言学 研究特 性
系统功能语言学和翻译研究之间存在着紧密的 联系性，成为我们研究翻译问题的理论基础。
从系统功能语言学看译什么
What to translate? 从系统功能语言学看怎么译 How to translate?
从系统功能语言学看为什么这样译
Why to translate in that way?
什么“君子固穷”，
什么“者乎”之类， 引得众人都笑起来。
——杨宪益先生所翻译的鲁迅作品《孔乙己》
Occasionally when he had no 虽然间或没有现钱， ready money, his name would
暂时记在粉板上，
但不出一月，定然 还清，从粉板上拭 去了孔乙己的名字。
be chalked up on our